|
|
Palingenesis - the restoration of everything? (Matthew 19,28)
Dus, Jan A
In Matthew’s version of Jesus’ promise (Matthew 19:28–30), in contrast to Mark and Luke, there is no explicit mention of the present time, the restitution of all that the followers of Jesus left behind is thus pushed forward to the future, in which they will take over the reigns with the Son of Man. The promise features the rare term “palingenesis”, whose precise temporal and factual determination cannot be deduced from the sentence itself. While in Mt 19:28 palingenesis is, according to the prevailing interpretation, a synonym for the future restoration of the universe, in Tit 3:5 (the only other occurrence in the NT) the same word refers to the rebirth of some people that took place in the past (at baptism). Even non-biblical literature does not provide a clear precedent - palingenesis tends to be set both in the past and in the future, it concerns both the world and individuals or groups (Israel). – The syntax and punctuation of the Greek sentence show that both interpretations are equally possible: palingenesis can be related either (A) to the following verbal form “sitting (the Son of Man on the throne)”, i.e. to the future, or (B) to the preceding verbal form “following (disciples behind Jesus)”, i.e. into the past, in addition, there is a third, open option (C). In the 16th-century Greek, Latin, and Czech versions, all possibilities are represented: Erasmus punctuates the Vulgate differently (B), Beza first respects the Vulgate (A), but in his Annotations he considers the second solution (B), in the fourth and fifth editions he finally leaves the matter open (C), two Czech translations from the first half of the 16th century (Náměšť 1533, Melantrich 1556/57) hesitate in the dilemma between the Vulgate and Erasmus (C), most Brethren translations starting with Blahoslav (1564) deviate from the Vulgate (B), only the Six-Volume Kralice Bible from 1593/94 (“Kralická Šestidílka”) hesitates (C), in “Kralická Šestidílka” and in the Kralice New Testament from 1601 the Brethren pay equal attention to both interpretations in a rather extensive note, which, for its balance, is a nice proof of intellectual openness and tolerance. Like Beza, the Brethren add a new aspect to interpretation (B): palingenesis can mean the renewal of the whole world thanks to the Gospel and the first coming of the Messiah. – Considering the dynamic development in the 16th century, it is surprising that all ten tracked Czech translations from around the 20th century agree on only one variant (A). Option (B) seems to be in danger of unfair oblivion. Therefore, in conclusion, we allow ourselves to propose a new, somewhat looser translation or paraphrase of verse Mt 19:28 in the spirit of Kralice: “Amen, I say to you, it was you who followed me when I came to renew the world with the gospel, and when the Son of Man sits on the throne of his glory, it will be you again who will sit on twelve thrones and judge the twelve tribes of Israel.”
|
|
|
One thousand and fifty years of the Bishopric of Prague
Kotous, J. ; Sommer, Petr ; Vaníček, V.
The book is dedicated to the 1050th anniversary of the foundation of the Prague bishopric. The first block of studies places the topic of the first Czech diocese in the Central European context of the Carolingian and Ottonian empires, the related ecclesiastical institutions and the Christianization processes in their individual parts, e.g. among the Polabian Slavs. The second block of texts traces the processes leading to the building of the foundations of the Bohemian diocese, its establishment and its continuity with the Great Moravian ecclesiastical beginnings. Equally important are the probes tracing the process of Christianization of Czech society, the relationship between the Prague bishops and the Czech ruler, and the emergence of church organization. The book concludes with studies tracing the Czech and Moravian bishoprics at the turning points of the Hussite and Reformation periods, the Recatholization and the reforms of Joseph II.
|
|
|
The Missions and the Benedictine Beginnings of the Bishopric of Prague
Sommer, Petr
In the context of the 1050th anniversary of the founding of the Prague bishopric, the study focuses on the topic of the first Czech diocese and places it in the Central European context of the Carolingian and Ottonian empires, related ecclesiastical institutions and Christianization processes. In the form of a probe, it traces the importance of the mission for the establishment of the Prague bishopric. In this context, it discusses issues related to sacred architecture, liturgical equipment and written culture inseparably linked to the new Christian education and church administration.
|
|
|
Exul. Perno. Printing and Provenance Bohemica from the Library of the Church of Virgin Mary in Pirna
Vaculínová, Marta
The development in the Czech lands after the White Mountain Battle brought great confusion not only to the lives of a large part of the non-Catholic citizens, but also to their libraries. Book collections built up over the years became objects of confiscation, sale, theft and plunder. Intellectuals were only able to take a small part with them into exile. One of the foreign libraries in which volumes from the property of Czech exiles have been preserved is the library of the Church of Our Lady in Pirna, Saxony. A large part of the local bohemica was purchased by the National Library in the last century, but another part (mainly books of Czech provenance) remains in the historical repository next to the church cure. We have tried to map the provenance of bohemica from both the Prague and Pirna parts and to capture traces of book collections of exiles and other important personalities. The paper includes inventories of the prints and provenances of both parts.
|
|
| |
|
|
He is the figure or image of the spiritual temple, which is our body. The temple as a metaphor
Havelka, Tomáš
The paper mainly deals with literary metaphorizations of the Christian temple in three basic typologies of the temple, as metaphors of the human body, a prefigurative pattern of the history of Solomon’s temple transferred to the history of church communities and the metaphor of knowledge. In any religion, the temple is not just a place for believers to gather, it has always been understood as a transcendent gate connecting the created world and God’s presence. It represented the “center of the world” and gradually took on various typological and metaphorical realizations: Solomon’s temple, the heavenly Jerusalem, the divine circle, whose center is everywhere and whose circumference is nowhere. This led to the fulfillment of various dispositions. On the other hand, remarkable practices are also present in the literature of the 17th and 18th centuries, interpreting the temple in the opposite way, namely as an anthropomorphic metaphor of the human body, most prominently in the case of J.F. Beckovský.
|
|
|
Masaryk’s Concept of Central European and Whole-European Democratic Unity
Bednář, Miloslav
By 1915 in London Thomas G. Masaryk publicly identified and described the origins of WW I as the neuralgic mid-European belt of minor nations between Germany and Russia presenting the geo-political core of the so called Eastern Question. For Masaryk, this Central Europe presented the most exigent and acute impetus for the allied democratic transformation of the political organization of Europe. By 1919 Halford J. Mackinder proclaimed his famous Heartland concept in the same vein. Masaryk’s plan was to gradually establish a United States of Europe out of transatlantic cooperation between a confederation of European old and new democracies and the U.S. Masaryk’s concept of democratic European unity obviously contradicts the core concept of the European Union that aims at a gradual elimination of European democracies.
|
|
|
Philosophical and Sociological Contexts of Masaryk’s Meaning of Czech History
Svoboda, Jan
In the Czech Question (1895) Masaryk laid the foundation for his conception of the meaning of Czech history. Masaryk found the main idea, which qualitatively creates the continuity of Czech history and as a national emancipation programme has the necessary potential to give meaning to all its partial contexts, in the idea of humanity. The purpose of this paper is to point out the fundamental connection between the democratizing efforts of Masaryk’s political realism for a kind of permanent humanization of society, the aim of which was to transform the dysfunctional ancien régime of federalized Austria into a modern civil society. However, the theoretical basis for these considerations had already been given in earlier works, most notably in the book Foundations of Concrete Logic (1885).
|
|
| |
|
|
Ars nova eloquentiae, its followers and Bohuslaus Balbinus
Svatoš, Martin
The paper focuses on the penetration of a new literary aesthetics, the so-called new art of eloquence (nova ars eloquentiae) into literature in the Bohemian lands in the 17th century. The Jesuit teacher of Latin style and literature, Bohuslav Balbín, was the first in the Czech lands to reflect the changed literary situation in his literary theoretical writings and to appreciate the appropriate followers of the art of elocution. At the same time, however, he was a classicist and a follower of M. Tulius Cicero, who warned against the excessive and inappropriate use of the wit.\n
|
guest ::
RSS feed.