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The effect of adjustment of sleep patterns on mental stress and body weight
Mutinský, Petr ; Manková, Denisa (advisor) ; Nekovářová, Tereza (referee)
This study aimed to investigate the impact of sleep pattern modification on sleep quality, circadian preference, mental strain, and body composition. Sleep pattern modification was implemented through a 14-day intervention involving three groups with varying levels of engagement. All participants received recommendations compiled into a sleep manual. The primary objective was to examine the relationship between sleep pattern modification and changes in sleep quality, circadian preference, stress levels, and body composition, including body fat and skeletal muscle mass. Additionally, the study sought to determine whether the level of engagement in sleep pattern modification within each group influenced post- intervention sleep quality. The study employed an online questionnaire battery comprising the PSQI, MEQ, and PSS-10 questionnaires, completed by N = 95 physically active participants aged 18-53 years. Body composition measurements were obtained using an InBody device. Repeated measures ANOVA analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement in sleep quality following the intervention as measured by the PSQI questionnaire (F(1, 77) = 144,31, p < 0,001, ηšₚ = 0,66). However, no significant interaction between the intervention and individual groups was found (F(2, 75) = 1,29, p = 0,28, ηšₚ...
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Selected Characteristics of Adolescent Female-to-Male Gender-affirming Medical Care Applicants
Schönauerová, Dominika ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Kolečková, Tereza (referee)
The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to analyze selected anamnestic characteristics of adolescent FtM (female-to-male) applicants seeking gender-affirming medical procedure, in order to provide a clearer understanding of this population within the Czech Republic. This purpose was served by data from patients of the Institute of Sexology, General University Hospital in Prague (N = 78), collected in 2022-2023, who were referred to care at the age of at least 15 and less than 19 years (M = 16.3, SD = 1.00). Within the sample late-onset gender incongruence with the first self-recognition at the mean age of 13,2 years (SD 1,98), was typical, as well as complete social transition at the time of first assessment, initiated at a mean age of 15,1 years (SD 1,29). Minority sexual orientation and the desire for complete gender reassignment surgery were also characteristic. Almost half of the FtMs had experienced a romantic relationship, but only one third were sexually active. Half of the patients had a history of psychiatric pharmacotherapy and more than one-fifth of psychiatric hospitalization. A number of psychiatric comorbidities were present. The most common comorbidity was the mixed anxiety-depressive disorder present in one-third of the FtMs. More than half had a history of self-harm, suicidal...
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Psychohygienic habits of Czech police forces members
Mećavová, Laura ; Faberová, Karolína (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee)
This thesis examines the mental hygiene of police officers in precinct departments and how the profession affects their personal lives. Additionally, how the stigma of seeking psychological help is contributed to in this environment. The first chapter of theoretical part is devoted to the introduction of the relevant structures of the police forces and their functioning. Next, the topic of mental health among police forces is being presented with a focus on risk factors and occupational stress. The third chapter contains a definition of mental hygiene and a summary of psychological services that are available for police officers. The empirical part presents research based on interviews with police officers from district departments (n=9). Thematic analysis was used to identify psychohygienic habits and the impact of the profession on personal life. Discourse analysis was used to identify mechanisms contributing to stigma. The results show that physical activity and social coping is a major component of mental hygiene, with problem-focused strategies being used during acute stress exposure. Mistrust of psychologists and the belief that seeking this type of service is only for extreme cases appeared to be the main reasons for not using psychological care that is being provided for police officers....
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Italian similes in the construction ADJ come ... and their Czech counterparts in the parallel corpus InterCorp
Šorsáková, Gabriela ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Ebrová, Agáta (referee)
Title: Italian similes in the construction ADJ come ... and their Czech counterparts in the parallel corpus InterCorp. Objectives: Outline the possibility of translating specific types of Italian similes into Czech, evaluate translation options in terms of equivalence and construction, with an emphasis on potential changes in construction copared to the given "ADJ-come-N" structure, and determine the occurrence rates of Italian similes in the SYN corpus. Methods: Conduct a theoretical analysis of the "ADJ-come-N" simile structure and define the concepts of phraseology and idiomatice. Utilize the itWaC corpus to obtain samples of comparisons and subsequently select examples for detailed examination. Lastly, propose and select translations in the Dicitonary of Phraseology and Idiomatics (Volume Similes), simultaneously using the InterCorp (version 16). For defining Italian similes, employ Italian dictionaries such as Dizionario dei modi di dire della lingua italiana and Grande dizionario italiano. Results: Theoretical delineation of similes and their structure, including the definition of phraseology and idiomatice. Identification of simile samples for practical analysis and proposal of translations based on the analysis results using relevant sources. Conclusion: Evaluate the possibility of...
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Kurgans and Burials of the Yamnaya Culture in South-Eastern Bulgaria
Polívka, Daniel ; Tušlová, Petra (advisor) ; Valchev, Todor (referee)
(in English): This thesis explores the significance and influence of the Yamnaya culture, focusing specifically on its presence and impact within the Middle Tundzha Valley. The Yamnaya culture, emerging at the end of the 4th millennium BC, played a crucial role in the development of a vast region across Eurasia, possibly contributing to the spread of Proto- Indo-Europeans. Through an examination of burial practices, particularly the use of ochre in graves, this study investigates the cultural and societal implications of Yamnaya customs in the region.
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Weak saturation processes in multipartite hypergraphs
Rajský, Adam ; Tyomkyn, Mykhaylo (advisor) ; Tancer, Martin (referee)
Given hypergraphs H and P, wsat(H, P) denotes the smallest number of edges in a subgraph of H with the property that the missing edges can be sequentially added such that the addition of every edge creates a new copy of P. In 1985 Alon proved that wsat(Kn, P)/n tends to a finite limit for any graph P. A generalisation of this Theorem to r-uniform hypergraphs was conjectured by Tuza in 1992 and proved by Shapira and Tyomkyn in 2021. In this thesis, we use the methodology introduced by Shapira and Tyomkyn to prove a similar theorem when H is a complete r-partite r- uniform hypergraph.
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Level of depressive symptoms in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder
Kosternová, Bára ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Juríková, Laura (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the level of depressive symptoms in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). The theoretical part thoroughly introduces iRBD, explains its association with neurodegenerative diseases, and describes the neuropsychiatric manifestations often accompanying iRBD. Moreover, it presents commonly used self-assessment scales for measuring the level of depressive symptoms, with an emphasis on the Beck Depression Inventory, second revision (BDI-II), which was used as the measuring instrument in the empirical part of this work. The aim of the empirical part of the study is to determine and evaluate the level of depressive symptoms expressed by the total score of BDI-II in a group of patients with iRBD (n = 70) and in a control group of healthy volunteers (n = 70) from the Department of Neurology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital in Prague. Furthermore, to verify the level of depressive symptoms on both subscales of BDI-II, cognitive-affective and somatic subscale. The results of the analyses showed that patients with iRBD exhibit significantly higher total BDI-II scores than healthy individuals in the control group and achieve a statistically significantly higher average score on both BDI-II subscales. Keywords:...
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Neuropsychological test battery for children, test - retest reliability
Töröková, Adéla ; Bukačová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Veverová, Kateřina (referee)
Pediatric neuropsychological diagnostics in our country struggles with a lack of high-quality memory test methods that are standardized, contain norms for our population, and are able to examine mnestic functions of children and adolescents (which represents a relatively wide age cohort) in more detail. Some of these problems are encountered with the available tests: some tests are adopted tests for adults, but do not take into account the specificities of child development, while tests developed for the child population test only part of memory. The aim of this work was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of memory tests from the recently emerging Neuropsychological Battery for Children (NB-D). The Neuropsychological Test Battery for Children aims to become a quality tool for assessing, not only, mnemonic function in children and adolescents. Probands aged 6-19 years (n = 44, 56.8% females) were administered selected memory subtests from the NB-D (Verbal Memory and Learning immediate and delayed recall, Nonverbal Memory immediate and delayed recall, Story Memory immediate and delayed recall, Working Memory, and Cued recall. The data were processed by correlation analysis, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used. Cohen's d and the intra-class correlation value were also used to...
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Lattice-based Threshold Signature Optimization for RAM Constrained Devices
Shapoval, Vladyslav ; Ricci, Sara
The DS2 scheme is a lattice-based (n, n)-threshold signature based on the standardized Dilithium signature. However, deploying DS2, as well as Dilithium, on microcontrollers is a challenge due to the memory limitations of these devices. While the decryption phase can be implemented relatively straightforwardly, the key generation and signing phases require the generation and manipulation of large matrices and vectors, which can quickly exhaust the available memory on the microcontroller. In this paper, we propose an optimization of the DS2 key generation and signing algorithms tailored for microcontrollers. Our approach focuses on minimizing memory consumption by generating large elements, such as the commitment key ck and the random commitment parameter r, on the fly from random and non-random seeds. This approach significantly reduces the overall size of the signature from 143 KB to less than 5 KB, depending on the number of signers involved. We also split the algorithms into two distinct components: a security-critical part and a non-security-critical part. The security-critical part contains operations that require secret knowledge and must be run on the microcontroller itself. Conversely, the non-critical part contains operations that do not require secret knowledge and can be performed on a connected, more powerful central host.
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Reader identity and subjective experience in so-called non-readers in Year 5
Urbanová, Kateřina ; Kuzmičová, Anežka (advisor) ; Šormová, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis focuses on students who are classified by adults (teachers, parents) as non-readers. In a creative qualitative research conducted through interviews, fifth-grade students (N = 18) responded to questions regarding the texts they read or do not read, mapping their attitudes towards reading, reading preferences, and habits. Through quantitative-qualitative analysis of the responses, it was investigated what types of texts students read, what their relationship to reading is, and further, what feelings reading evokes in the participants. One of the goals was also to identify which factors and individuals influence the reading self-concept of these students. The work could be beneficial for students of Czech language and literature teaching, as well as current Czech language and literature teachers, as it provides insight into the thinking about reading and reading interests of students, for whom the teacher's assistance and understanding could play a crucial role in the path to literacy, because if the teacher is to be a guide, then understanding those they accompany is an essential prerequisite.
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