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Seeking Reconciliation between Georgia and Abkhazia: The Bottom-Up Approach since 2008
Salát, Patrik ; Brisku, Adrian (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the reconciliation process between Georgia and Abkhazia after 2008. It focuses on the bottom-up approach to reconciliation and its potential for the transformation of protracted and unresolved conflict. As bilateral negotiations at the political level between Georgia and Abkhazia have been stuck since 2006, this approach may be the only tool to disrupt the current status quo. Nevertheless, the research results show that this potential is quite limited in Georgia. The current discourse about the conflict that supports the status quo is related to ethnic identity and is also supported internationally. Middle-range leaders who are a significant part of the civil peace process between Georgia and Abkhazia have attempted to disrupt this discourse. Still, even their willingness to compromise is limited by a myth-symbol complex. Moreover, participants in peace projects are not homogeneous groups that aim to disrupt the current discourse. The research results show that reconciliation outside the state level has contributed at least to the preservation of negative peace because its participants mostly avoid stereotypes, do not feel negative emotions towards the other side, and reject violence as a tool for conflict resolution.
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Seeking Reconciliation between Georgia and Abkhazia: The Bottom-Up Approach since 2008
Salát, Patrik ; Brisku, Adrian (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the reconciliation process between Georgia and Abkhazia after 2008. It focuses on the bottom-up approach to reconciliation and its potential for the transformation of protracted and unresolved conflict. As bilateral negotiations at the political level between Georgia and Abkhazia have been stuck since 2006, this approach may be the only tool to disrupt the current status quo. Nevertheless, the research results show that this potential is quite limited in Georgia. The current discourse about the conflict that supports the status quo is related to ethnic identity and is also supported internationally. Middle-range leaders who are a significant part of the civil peace process between Georgia and Abkhazia have attempted to disrupt this discourse. Still, even their willingness to compromise is limited by a myth-symbol complex. Moreover, participants in peace projects are not homogeneous groups that aim to disrupt the current discourse. The research results show that reconciliation outside the state level has contributed at least to the preservation of negative peace because its participants mostly avoid stereotypes, do not feel negative emotions towards the other side, and reject violence as a tool for conflict resolution.
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Role of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in International Relations
Křižáková, Markéta ; Pulgret, Miroslav (advisor) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the role of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in international relations. Thesis tries to answer the question, which role both tribunals have in legal and political sphere. In legal sphere, by using judicature, the thesis focuses on how both tribunals contributed to the development of international humanitarian and international criminal law. Future is examined if and how political aspects influence activities of the tribunals, decision- making of judges and cooperation with states. Finally, the thesis seeks to elucidate the post- conflict situation in the states. How tribunals contributed to punishing violation of international law, how contributed to restoration and maintenance of peace and national reconciliation.
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Storytelling and Reconciliation: Shifts in Frames and Discursive Narratives in Listeners of the Initiative "My Story" in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Oberpfalzerová, Hana ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Stojarová, Věra (referee) ; Kubátová, Hana (referee)
Storytelling and Reconciliation: Shifts in Frames and Discursive Narratives in Listeners of the Initiative "My Story" in Bosnia and Herzegovina Hana Oberpfalzerová Abstract In Bosnia and Herzegovina, two non-governmental organizations have been running the initiative "My Story" within which three war victims, one Bosniak, one Serb and one Croat, tell their wartime stories and their way to reconciliation in public testimonies in a side-by-side, live setting to an audience of young people or ordinary citizens. The aim of the initiative is to promote reconciliation in the listeners. This doctoral dissertation integrates several disparate fields in order to create an analytical framework for inferring attitude shifts from the discursive narratives recalled by the listeners, and from the frames that connect the single narratives to broader societal discourses within these discursive narratives. Three public testimonies were analyzed and interviews with eighteen listeners from the three Bosnian nations were conducted, some of which were interviewed by phone about four months later to check for further attitude changes. The interview material was analyzed inductively by the means of thematic discourse analysis in order to identify the underlying discursive narratives that were then regrouped into dimensions or...
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Historical Narrative and Identity Building: Museums in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Knappová, Barbora ; Králová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šístek, František (referee)
The thesis analyses historical narratives presented in exhibitions of the History Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo and the Museum of Republika Srpska in Banja Luka. It also clarifies who promotes that particular representation of history and which factors influence the decisions museums make. The thesis builds on theoretical literature related to a role of museums in a process of memory institutionalization and identity building as well as to their potential to bring reconciliation in post-conflict society. The subjects of the research are the main museums dealing with the recent history in the two Bosnian autonomous entities, with the History Museum being in predominantly Bosniak while the Museum of Republika Srpska in predominantly Serb environment. The thesis explores the development of the museums, their organization, financing, self-presentation and most importantly the narratives of their permanent and temporary exhibitions. These are analysed especially from the perspective of definition of own group versus the others. The analysis covers museums' activities in the period from 1995 to present days. The thesis argues in detail that historical narrative promoted by the History Museum in Sarajevo reproduces the Bosniak narrative despite its efforts to play a role of state-level...
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Ernst Sommer and a Carlsbad Attempt of Czech-German Reconsiliation in Czechoslovakia after 1918
Rudolf, Štěpán ; Zelená, Alena (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
This paper examines the following texts: Sprachenhass, Hakenkreuz, Die Verständigung and Die Templer, all written by Ernst Sommer in the 20's and 30's in Carlsbad. This region became in the 30's notorious for Hitler's support and attempts to destroy the Czechoslovak Republic. That is why we inquire into the origin and character of these texts written in German that aimed at settlement of national issues and reconciliation of Czech and German speaking population in the frame of the Czechslovak Republic. The texts are set into historical and regional background that shows clearly the difficulties of this period dooming all Sommer's activities to fail. Keywords Ernst Sommer, Carlsbad, jewish, settlement, national, language war, minorities, Sudeten Germans
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Storytelling and Reconciliation: Shifts in Frames and Discursive Narratives in Listeners of the Initiative "My Story" in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Oberpfalzerová, Hana ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Stojarová, Věra (referee) ; Kubátová, Hana (referee)
Storytelling and Reconciliation: Shifts in Frames and Discursive Narratives in Listeners of the Initiative "My Story" in Bosnia and Herzegovina Hana Oberpfalzerová Abstract In Bosnia and Herzegovina, two non-governmental organizations have been running the initiative "My Story" within which three war victims, one Bosniak, one Serb and one Croat, tell their wartime stories and their way to reconciliation in public testimonies in a side-by-side, live setting to an audience of young people or ordinary citizens. The aim of the initiative is to promote reconciliation in the listeners. This doctoral dissertation integrates several disparate fields in order to create an analytical framework for inferring attitude shifts from the discursive narratives recalled by the listeners, and from the frames that connect the single narratives to broader societal discourses within these discursive narratives. Three public testimonies were analyzed and interviews with eighteen listeners from the three Bosnian nations were conducted, some of which were interviewed by phone about four months later to check for further attitude changes. The interview material was analyzed inductively by the means of thematic discourse analysis in order to identify the underlying discursive narratives that were then regrouped into dimensions or...
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Historical Narrative and Identity Building: Museums in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Knappová, Barbora ; Králová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šístek, František (referee)
The thesis analyses historical narratives presented in exhibitions of the History Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo and the Museum of Republika Srpska in Banja Luka. It also clarifies who promotes that particular representation of history and which factors influence the decisions museums make. The thesis builds on theoretical literature related to a role of museums in a process of memory institutionalization and identity building as well as to their potential to bring reconciliation in post-conflict society. The subjects of the research are the main museums dealing with the recent history in the two Bosnian autonomous entities, with the History Museum being in predominantly Bosniak while the Museum of Republika Srpska in predominantly Serb environment. The thesis explores the development of the museums, their organization, financing, self-presentation and most importantly the narratives of their permanent and temporary exhibitions. These are analysed especially from the perspective of definition of own group versus the others. The analysis covers museums' activities in the period from 1995 to present days. The thesis argues in detail that historical narrative promoted by the History Museum in Sarajevo reproduces the Bosniak narrative despite its efforts to play a role of state-level...
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Role of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in International Relations
Křižáková, Markéta ; Pulgret, Miroslav (advisor) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the role of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in international relations. Thesis tries to answer the question, which role both tribunals have in legal and political sphere. In legal sphere, by using judicature, the thesis focuses on how both tribunals contributed to the development of international humanitarian and international criminal law. Future is examined if and how political aspects influence activities of the tribunals, decision- making of judges and cooperation with states. Finally, the thesis seeks to elucidate the post- conflict situation in the states. How tribunals contributed to punishing violation of international law, how contributed to restoration and maintenance of peace and national reconciliation.
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Reconciliation as part of postconflict reconstruction in Rwanda
Kneblová, Alena ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Volenec, Otakar (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on reconciliation as part of postconflict reconstruction in Rwanda. The aim is to find out whether projects and programs of Rwandan government and NGOs helped reconciliation of the Rwandan society. The first theoretical chapter summarizes theoretical basis and concepts regarding the term postconflict reconstruction with a significant focus on reconciliation. The second chapter is devoted to actors of reconciliation, who were most affected during the genocide in 1994 and who have passed of greatest change in the course of post-genocide period. The third chapter analyzes the projects of Rwandan government (Ingando Solidarity Camps and TIG work camps) and NGOs (The Cows for Peace and Girinka) on the basis of instruments of reconciliation. The final part of thesis evaluates the success of post-conflict reconstruction especially in sphere of reconciliation and also compares the above projects.
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