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Ethics and artificial intelligence
Švarcová, Kateřina ; Sousedík, Prokop (advisor) ; Šolcová, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis focuses on the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI). It is organized into three main parts. The first part describes the basic concepts. There are explained in particularthe basic principles of algorithms and the functioning of AI from a technical point of view. In the next part, the thesis uses texts by J.R. Searle and J. Peregrine to compare AI and human thinking from a philosophical perspective. From this section it is concluded that AI is a machine and as such has no moral responsibility. The moral responsibility in working with AI lies with humans, that is, the developers of AI and its users. This is addressed in the third part of the thesis, where various current moral issues are presented and basic ethical principles for AI work and development are established based on utilitarian and deontological orientations.
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Computer Games and the Human Brain
Hanuš, Marek ; Šedrlová, Magdalena (referee) ; Ellederová, Eva (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou počítačových her a jejich vlivu na lidský mozek. Cílem první kapitoly je popsat základní vlastnostmi lidského mozku a jeho schopnosti, které developeři počítačových her využívají při vytváření her pro jejich cílovou skupinu zákazníků. Druhá kapitola se zaměřuje na lidské emoce a projevy, které developerům pomáhají, aby mohli vyhovět všem potencionálním uživatelům. Dále tato kapitola popisuje, jak mohou developeři prostřednictvím různých herních aspektů, jakými jsou hudba, narativ, grafický design a herní mód, v člověku evokovat určité emoce a donutit je podvědomě vnímat atmosféru hry. V práci je také popsán vliv těchto aspektů na lidské chování. Poslední kapitola teoretické části práce se zabývá závislostí na hrách a s tím spojenou problematikou. Praktická část práce se věnuje dotazníkovému průzkumu, jehož účelem bylo potvrdit nebo vyvrátit tvrzení v teoretické části. Dále poukazuje na genderové rozdíly v průmyslu počítačových her a ukazuje preference respondentů, které by mohly developerům umožnit zdokonalit kvalitu počítačových her.
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Arching
Willertová, Aneta ; Dolanová,, Lenka (referee) ; Klímová, Barbora (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is the formation of so-called "personal mythologies" - subjective constructs of reality which are created spontaneously and naturally as a result of the need of inner and outer world interpretation. These constructs are built on the groundwork of experiences, impressions and memories, associating organically and creating unique bonds. The work put a goal to make this topic as an environment which will show the spectator those bonds, background of their formation and final mythologies as a selfportraits unit.
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Sterile Place
Bražina, Jan ; Lukáš,, Hofmann (referee) ; Ambrůz, Jan (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the study of the boundary between man, the supernatural and the object. The resulting spatial installation and video follow the relationship between the human body and the jwho "inhuman accessories".
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The Solution to the Mind-Body Problem in Searle's Philosophy of Mind
Popelář, Jan ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Moural, Josef (referee)
This paper studies the mind-body problem in Searle's philosophy of mind. It thoroughly evaluates his criticism of the philosophical tradition and the scientifc methodology. As he argues, the former has been misleading us with its dualistic distinctions and the latter has been pushing us into various forms of reductionism. Most importantly, though, it examines his proposed solution to the mind-body problem, his defnition of consciousness, intentionality, subjectivity, and in addition, his famous "Chinese room" argument disputing claims of strong AI proponents. Although this paper does deal with many of the problems his claims and theories inherently contain, it is primarily meant to outline Searle's view on consciousness and its implications in the context of the mind-body problem tradition, rather than to be an extensive elaboration of his one specifc thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Philosophical possibilities of question of personal identity
Endrle, Jaroslav ; Palkoska, Jan (advisor) ; Hill, James (referee)
(in English): The topic of this thesis is the problem of personal identity. Its aim is to develop alternative approach to this question. To achieve this, the following course is choosen. Firstly, three most important assumptions are exposed. These assumptions steer debate about this topic in analytic philosophy and are regarded as main cause of its difficulties. These suppositions are - the ontological conception of identity, logical dissociability of mind and body and the method of thought experiment. Essential part of following thesis can be taken as proposal of technique that can overcome these assumptions and problems they cause. This attempt begins at the end of first part with development of general criticism of ontological conception of identity and with presentation of epistemic conception of identity. The second and crucial part deals with the theory of conceptual system. This theory provides a basis for alternative approach to question of personal identity. It will block the logical dissociability of criterions of personal identity - the dissociability of mind/consciousness and living body. It will also serve as fundament for epistemic conception of identity. Finaly, it is used for tracing the origin of concept "person". It will be shown that the concept of person descends from the...
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The concept of mind at the beginning of modern philosophy
Kadlec, David ; Hill, James (advisor) ; Palkoska, Jan (referee)
The essay concerns itself with the concept of mind in John Locke's and René Descartes' philosophy. The main focus lies on the abilities of human soul, that is understanding and will, and its ontological properties. The work tackles questions regarding personal identity, freedom of will, and the kind of substance that a mind is. Both systems are, after their introduction, critically examined, and their strengths and weaknesses are compared. The difference between both philosophers crystallizes towards the end of the piece in their view on the immateriality or materiality of mind. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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God's Image in Gregory of Nyssa
Marunová, Magdalena ; Karfík, Filip (advisor) ; Bartoň, Josef (referee) ; Dus, Jan (referee)
The aim of this work is to introduce Gregory of Nyssa's doctrine of man as the image of God, based especially on his work Περ κατασκευ ς νθρώπουὶ ῆ ἀ (De hominis opificio). In his work Gregory created quite a systematic anthropological treatise based on Stoic sources, Biblical interpretations inspired by Philo of Alexandria and Origen, as well as on ancient medicine. In contrast to the ancient philosophical school views concerning human being, Gregory refuses the parallel of man as a small world and says that the dignity of man consists not in being similar to the created world, but to the Creator. There are many attributes that constitute human similarity to God, but especially due to the incomprehensibility man is the image of God. The incomprehensibility consists in human mind (νο ςῦ ) in which the human likeness to God can most apparently be recognized. It cannot be placed anywhere in the body and the connection between mind and body is, according to Gregory, unspeakable: the mind does not reside in any particular part of the body, but yet it acts in and is influenced by the whole body. The image of God is the whole mankind, from the first up to the last created human being. When the planned number of souls is completed, the time and everything that happens in time will come to an end. In the...
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