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Analysis of the eating habits of the elderly
Kocová, Jana ; Vágnerová, Tereza (advisor) ; Mádlová, Pavla (referee)
The bachelor thesis examines the dietary habits of elderly people over 65 years of age living in a home environment in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis was to map these dietary habits and compare them with contemporary recommendations of relevant professional institutions. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the definitions of old age, ageing and selected terms used in geriatrics. The findings on nutritional disorders, which are not unique in the elderly, are presented. In particular, malnutrition, obesity, sacropenia or sarcopenic obesity are discussed. However, the most extensive component of the theoretical part is occupied by the question of healthy nutrition of the elderly, the nutritional needs of individual nutrients and the factors that influence nutrition. The practical part of the thesis consists of an online anonymous quantitative empirical questionnaire survey and its subsequent analysis. The subject population was a total of 125 respondents aged 65 years and over, of which 89 (71.2 %) were women and 36 (28.8 %) were men. The questionnaire contained questions relating to general characteristics (gender, height, weight and BMI), but the bulk of the questionnaire was concerned with qualitative and quantitative aspects of diet. This was mainly a frequency questionnaire,...
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Comparison of dietary habits among heated tobacco users and conventional smokers
Strojná, Natália ; Pánková, Alexandra (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis was a comparison of the eating habits of users of heated tobacco compared to smokers of conventional cigarettes. The main aim of the bachelor thesis was to compare whether there are significant changes in the eating habits of heated tobacco users compared to conventional cigarette smokers using responses from an eating habits questionnaire. The study compared the eating habits of 18 respondents who were divided into a heated tobacco user group (8 respondents) with a mean age of 41 ± 5.66 and a conventional cigarette smoker group (8 respondents) with a mean age of 55 ± 15.09. The parameters under statistical investigation were protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, dairy products and fruit intake along with vegetables. Student's two-sample unpaired t-test for mean was used for statistical comparison of the groups. Before performing the t-test, the F-test was used in which each parameter was subjected to analysis for the so-called equality of variance. The resulting means of the observed traits between the sets were as follows: protein p = 0.585859, fat p = 0.536003, carbohydrate p = 0.689622, fiber p = 0.94961, dairy p = 0.475181, fruit and vegetables p = 0.544135. All observed traits were not statistically significant, given that we considered the significance level to...
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The challenges of dietary supplements in sports nutrition.
HENC, Jaroslav
This bachelor thesis addresses the issue of dietary supplements in athletes' nutrition. It is a topic of increasing significance in recent years, as many athletes use various dietary supplements to enhance their performance. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on nutrition, macronutrients, hydration, and introduces dietary supplements commonly used in sports nutrition. The practical part employs a qualitative method and collects data through semi-structured interviews with seven strength athletes and seven endurance athletes who use dietary supplements.
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Dietary habits of patients with upper respiratory tract diseases
PANUŠOVÁ, Michaela
The issue of respiratory diseases is very broad, and therefore I focused my research on obstructive sleep apnoea. In the theoretical part we will discuss the anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology and pathology of the respiratory system. In addition, sleep apnea will be defined its types and emphasis will be placed on the description of obstructive sleep apnea. The greatest risk factor for the development of OSA is obesity. As the number of obese people is increasing worldwide, the number of people with this condition is also increasing. The Mediterranean diet is considered a healthy lifestyle and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. It may also have an impact on the treatment of OSA. The practical part focuses on qualitative research that aims to map the dietary habits of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea, to determine their awareness of diets related to this disease and to map OSA patients in terms of body weight. The research revealed that the dietary habits of patients are not ideal. Patients have a problem with high fat intake and lack of vegetables and fruits. Patients were not well informed about their diets. The last finding was that the more the patients gained weight, the worse their breathing difficulties became. This affects their sleep and they also wake up more often at night. The results of this work may help doctors and patients in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea and promote healthy lifestyles, and could also serve as a reminder that a multidisciplinary team of specialists is needed to treat this disease, just as it is for diabetes mellitus, for example.
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Effect of formal and informal nutrition education on the dietary habits of high-school students
Husák, Martin ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Kočí, Jana (referee)
The bachalor thesis focuses on the effects of formal nutrition education on the theoretical knowledge of learners and its subsequent application in their daily meal choices. It aims at students of a selected grammar school and a selected vocational school. The goal was to find out whether or not vocational school learners have better knowledge than grammar school learners and if their knowledge transfers into practice. The research sample of a questionnaire survey consisted of 199 students. According to its outcome, the knowledge of the topic proven by vocational school learners does not significantly differ from the knowledge of their grammar school counterparts. Despite the lack of formal nutrition education at the grammar school, it is the learners of the grammar school who have the better knowledge. KEYWORDS diet, grammar school, specialized secondary school, dietary habits, nutrition, education
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The nutritional assesment of juvenile football players
KRÁL, Robert
The topic of the bachelor thesis is " The nutritional assesment of juvenile football players ". The emphasis on sports performance is placed on young sportsmen from an early age, which includes adequate nutrition. If this is not the case, the young athlete is at risk of problems manifested by poor performance, more frequent injuries and, last but not least, irreversible changes or developmental disorders. The theoretical part deals with energy overview, the representation and importance of macronutrients and micronutrients in the diet, drinking regime, problems of insufficient nutrition, assessment of nutritional status and finally dietary supplements. The data collection was done using a qualitative method. 12 informants were obtained using the snowball method, which was interviewed in a semi-structured interview. Each informant also provided a diet plan. Data analysis was performed using coding and categorization techniques on the data transcribed from the interview. Nutriservis Professional software was used to process the diet plan. The objectives of the study were to map the nutritional status and possible prevalence of malnutrition in the sports soccer players and to map the awareness of children and their parents about sports nutrition in the senior pre-school and junior football category. The research showed that the dietary habits of young footballers follow the recommendations of the child nutrition in terms of quality but not in terms of quantity. Children's awareness of the timing of meals with physical activity and energy use during exercise is significantly lacking. Awareness of nutrition is relatively adequate for their age and they can partially distinguish what is appropriate for them and what is not. Parents are well informed about healthy eating and lifestyle and try to take an interest in nutrition themselves, but do not have comprehensive adequate information about sports nutrition in childhood.
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Dietary habits of children from age 6 to 12 suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1
ŠUBOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis I focuses on the topic of Dietary habits of children from age 6 to 12 suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1. It is based around this group of children because they will be living with diabetes their whole life and as they are getting more independent at this age, it is necessary to teach them as much as possible. The theoretical part of this thesis includes the description of diabetes mellitus itself. Then it focuses on type 1 diabetes only because this type occurs amongst children the most. The theoretical part then contains information about how to prevent type 1 diabetes, how to diagnose it, what complications can occur and possible treatments. There is also an in-depth description of proper eating habits of people suffering from this disease. The end of the theoretical part is dedicated to characterization of 'young school age', dieting of young children and school catering. Aims of this bachelor's thesis were: to map eating habits of children with diabetes mellitus type 1, to compare them to eating habits of healthy children and to map physical activity of children suffering from diabetes. The research involved 10 children - half of them suffering from type 1 diabetes, the other half were healthy children. Data were obtained in an interview, through a survey and by listing the food intake. It appears that children suffering from type 1 diabetes tend to have more variety in their diet, they consume some kind of food (e.g. vegetables and fruit) more often and they also have higher fiber intake than healthy children. Analysing the food intake revealed lower average intake of fats and energy amongst children who suffer from diabetes. The amount of fats consumed by children with diabetes corresponded with recommendations. But, according to recommendations, energy intake was not correct in either one of these groups of children.
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Salt intake by patients with primary hyperaldosteronism
Sahatciu, Mrika ; Petrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Krátká, Zuzana (referee)
1 Abstract My bachelor's thesis focuses on the intake of table salt and other dietary approaches and habits in patients with primary aldosteronism, an extreme form of salt-sensitive hypertension. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the term and risk factors associated with primary aldosteronism, summarizes the diagnosis and treatment procedures especially dietary measures which are very important in the treatment. The practical part was based and developed using an anonymous questionnaire form. The questionnaire consisted of 66 questions ranging from sociodemographic to awareness, education, dietary habits and dietary preferences in relation to salt intake. The purpose of this study was thereby to determine the dietary habits and sodium chloride intake of patients with primary aldosteronism. The total number of patients who were approached was 15, mostly males which were 11 and females were 4. The diet was fairly regular, but with more than half prioritizing lunch and dinner rather than breakfast. When they had a higher intake of cold cuts, salty bars, chips compared to fruit and vegetables. Most of the patients were educated about salt restriction diet and diet in hypertension due to the characteristics of the cohort, but few of them actually follow it. And there were no efforts to limit salt...
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The nutrition habits and knowledge of middle- and long-distance runners
Peteříková, Vendula ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Kovářová, Lenka (referee)
Title: The Nutrition Habits and Knowledge of middle and long distance runners Targets: The thesis main target is to determine dietary habits of endurance men and women runners, their interest in health nutrition and their nutrition information sources. Another aim to achieve is to find out their basic knowledge of body composition and human nutrition. Methods: The thesis was worked out on the base of questionnaires , that were prepared with regard to the author personal experience and knowledge. The questionnaires were handed in personaly to the respondents at runners competition, as soon as the race was finished and most of the runners used to wait for their results. The respondents were kept in anonymity in order to ensure as much objective answers as possible. The meaning of questionnaire completion was explained by the author to each of the responding runners. The validity of the questionnaire was consequently confirmed by the mean of guided interview between the author and the runner responded. Results: Endurance runners are keen on following the health nutrition principles. The dietary habits of the major part of the respondants correspond to requirements related to the field of energy-intensive sport. Most of the runners do not use energy bars and nutritional supplements. On the base of the...
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