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Reprodukční a užitkové vlastnosti dojnic holštýnského skotu v chovech s rozdílným typem dojení
JEŠETOVÁ, Kateřina
This study focuses on the reproductive and productive traits on two dairy farms of Holstein cattle with different types of milking. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the productive and reproductive parameters of Holstein cattle in herringbone and robotic milking parlours for the year 2023. On the farm A, there is milking caried out in a herringbone parlour twice a day. Cows are milked by machine in the groups (2×10). On the farm B, milking is carried out by using automatic milking robots twice a day. It is obvious from the milk yield results that the farm B achieved a higher average milk yield by almost 4 liters per cow (3,86 l) compared to the farm A. Cows from both farms achieved higher milk yields with increasing order of lactation. On the other hand, higher milk component content (fat and protein content) was achieved within farm A. There was not a significant difference in the average protein content in the milk between the farms (0,08 %). However, the average milk fat content was higher in the farm A by 0,41 % compared to the farm B. The average somatic cell count was twice as high in the farm with robotic milking (342 000 SB/ml) compared to the farm A (170 000 SB/ml). The largest differences between these farms with herringbone and robotic milking enterprises were in milk yield, milk fat content, somatic cell count, lactation days and percentage of stillborn calves. Other indicators, such as service period, age at first calving, dry period length, intercalving interval and insemination index were similar or almost identical in both farms.
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Porovnání vybraných reprodukčních ukazatelů u vídeňských králíků
BRADÁČOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis is focused on the evaluation and comparison of selected reproductive parameters in individual breeds of Vienna rabbits. The introduction of the research part is devoted to the origin and domestication of rabbits. The following chapters deal with the anatomy and morphology of the reproductive systems of males and females as well as reproduction itself. Part of the thesis also discusses the genetics of rabbits, and a separate chapter is devoted to the Vienna rabbit. The practical part inc ludes the methodology of the work, which introduces the individual breeds, as well as the comparison and evaluation of selected reproductive parameters between the diffe rent breeds of Vienna rabbits.
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The use of headstarting in turtle conservation
PRŮCHOVÁ, Daniela
The bachelor thesis entitled The use of headstarting in turtle conservation was designed as a research thesis. The thesis is divided into five parts, which explain the issue of turtle endangerment and how this important and widespread group of nearly extinct and recent reptiles can be protected. The aim of the thesis is to explain the concept of headstarting, to identify the reasons for the threat to turtles and to evaluate whether and to what extent headstarting helps in the conservation of turtles. The first part communicates basic important information about turtles, both the biological classification and the important role of these reptiles in ecosystems. The second part details the reasons why all three groups of turtles - terrestrial, semi-aquatic, marine - are threatened, which is why headstarting has come into use for turtles. The third part of the thesis addresses reproduction in turtles, again for all groups, because of differences in reproduction in each group. The fourth part of the thesis discusses general information about headstarting, what headstarting options exist, and what criticisms there are towards headstarting based on the resources already available. The last important part of this thesis focuses on selected studies and research. The thesis includes research on selected species from each group of turtles to better evaluate and determine which groups headstarting helps, which groups it does not help, or if it affects the survival of a particular species of turtle.
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Design of gramophone
Slívová, Marta ; Chorý, Tomáš (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The aim of this bachelors thesis was to design modern and functional gramophone. The product must offer the best possible sound experience and suitable design to be proper accessory in contemporary modern living. One of the most important attribute of the gramophone is supposed to be the sound quality to be competitive with widely used CD and DVD players. Reaching nearly same sound quality could be convincing to forget the argument that analogous sound record is archaic. It could help to show gramophones as fully competitive and worthy devices among the digital ones.
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The role of mitochondrial DNA in reproduction
Svobodová, Mariana ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Jelínková, Ladislava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in human reproduction, especially describing the differences in mtDNA dynamics in oogenesis, spermatogenesis and early embryo development. The physiological function of mtDNA is complemented by its pathologies and their effect on fertility and the ability of the embryo to implant successfully. Furthermore, mtDNA is discussed as a possible diagnostic marker in the evaluation of the quality of sperm, eggs and embryos. These findings of these studies are especially significant for assisted reproduction, where the goal is to select the highest quality embryo with the greatest implantation potential. The work also briefly mentions the presence of cell free mtDNA in the mother's blood and its connection with the development of preeclampsia. Key words: mtDNA, mitochondria, reproduction, (in)fertility
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Poruchy plodnosti prasnic
Vašicová, Tereza
The bachelor thesis focuses on fertility disorders in sows. The first part describes the reproductive system, i.e. the reproductive organs of the sow; fertility and its parameters, which include internal and external factors affecting fertility, such as nutrition, microclimate, lenght of the inter-period or age of the sow. The sexual cycle of the sow i salso briefly described, covering all stages, namely proestrus, estrus, me-testrus and diestrus. The second part focuses on fertlity disorders, which are divided into congenital, which include developmental disorders or anomalies, acquired, which are most commonly caused by viruses or bacteria, and separately also infertility. For the disorders, the clinical manifestations of the disease, their onset, or prevention, and in some cases, if known, therapy are described.
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Porovnání obtížnosti porodů u různých plemen skotu ve vybraném chovu
Kozlová, Eliška
This bachelor thesis examines the issue of difficult calving depending on breed affiliation and utility type. This work summarizes three basic breeds of different utility types that are bred in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the work deals with the description of estrous cycle, methods of insemination, the period of gestation and the subsequent parturition. During parturition, emphasis is mainly placed on its progress. Therefore, the work also deals with internal and external factors. These factors aren’t always controllable, but some of them can be influenced by keeper or directly by breeding. Early detection of dead fetus is also important for calving. Whether the calving is assisted and whether any assistance is performed in an appropriate way has a relatively large influence on the course of calving itself. Depending on the extend to which assistance was required, the overall course of the birth is also evaluated. In this work was evaluated the calving process in Czech Fleckvieh and Charolais breeding. Both breeds were kept in the company ZEAS Lysice a.s., which is located in the South Moravian region. The results of the calving process were compared according to breed, year of calving and whether they were first-calf or older cows. The analysis of the data showed a significantly high incidence of the desired calving process in the Charolais breed, up to 99,28 %. Czech Fleckvieh showed a higher incidence of unwanted calving, which was 1,72 %. It also has been proven that older cows calving process was better than heifers. In the analysis of the year of calving, its influence on the course of calving wasn’t proven.
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Vyhodnocení reprodukce a masné užitkovosti na vybrané pštrosí farmě
Rýdlová, Markéta
The goal of the thesis is to evaluate reproduction and meat quality on a selected ostrich farm. Reproduction was evaluated by the number of laid eggs, fertilized eggs, hatched chicks, and raised chicks up to 6 months in the years 2020, 2021, and 2022. Meat quality was evaluated by the influence of gender and muscle type on dry matter, protein, fat, ash, meat brightness, proportion of red and yellow spectrum and the strength of muscle fibbers. During the year 2020, a total of 225 eggs were laid with a hatching success rate of 72.44 %. In 2021, the females laid a total of 159 eggs and the hatching success rate was 83.65 %. In 2022, a total of 214 eggs were laid with a hatching success rate of 80.37 %. Gender did not have a significant effect on the quality indicators of meat. Muscle type did not have a significant (p >0,05) effect on dry matter, protein, intramuscular fat, pH, tenderness, or proportion of red and yellow spectra. Muscle brightness, ash content, and muscle fibber strength were significantly (p <0,05) affected by muscle type.
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Vyhodnocení reprodukce a mléčné užitkovosti v konvenčním a ekologickém chovu dojnic
Širůčková, Karolína
In this thesis the evaluation of selected reproductive and performance parameters in conventional and organic breeding of Czech fleckvieh cattle was solved. The herd of breeding cows from AZOS, Ltd. Zakřany farm was chosen as the conventional farm and Ekofarma Branná was chosen as the organic farm. The research found, that the age of heifers at their first calving was significantly higher in the organic farm (43 x 26 months). The length of the intercalving period was higher in the conventional farm (387 x 338 days). Much more difficult births occurred in the conventional farm. The type of farming also had a great influence on the milk yield, which was much higher in the conventional farm (32 x 12 kg of milk), as well as higher protein content (3.59 x 3.22 %), lactose content (4.92 x 4.68 %) and non-fatty solids (9.21 x 8.63 %). The organic farm had higher average fat content (4.04 x 3.77 %), fatty acid level (1.05 x 0.59 nmol/100g fat) and somatic cell count (261 x 175 K/ml). In contrary, there was no evidence of an effect of the breeding method on the following parameters: number and sex of calves born, calving ratio of cows and heifers, proportion of multiple births and stillbirths, urea, casein, citric acid, acetone and ketone content.
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Specifika reprodukce koní
Maňasová, Michaela
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of specifics in the breeding and reproduction of horses. The theoretical part firstly describes genital organs of mares as well as stallions and the differences from other species of livestock. Next the thesis characterizes mare’s sexual cycle and methods of horse reproduction regarding their advantages and disadvantages. The next section of the theoretical part gives attention to specifics of the whole reproductive cycle and its comparison to other livestock. And the final part of the theoretical part provides the options for affecting the mare’s sexual cycle. The practical part covers the evaluation of reproductive traits of horse breeding in Hřebčín Vlachovice between 2015 – 2018 period. During these reproduction seasons, there were two stallions – Age of Jape and Ray of Light. It is looked on indicators as the amount of covered and pregnant broodmares, fertility of stallions, effectivity of mare’s getting pregnant or mare’s ability to get pregnant after having a foal. As the last but not least factor watched in the thesis is using hormonal products at mares.
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