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Ekonomické faktory ovlivňující cenu dluhopisů
Ochozka, Vilém
Ochozka, V. Economic factors affecting the price of bonds. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2009. This bachelor thesis is focused on economic factors affecting the price of govern-ment bonds. The main objective is to assess the effects of economic factors on the price of government bonds of the Swiss Confederation during economic crisis and their change after the decline in yields to zero and subsequently negative values based on the econometric models. The first model examine the period between January 2006 and November 2016. The second model examine the period between March 2014 and November 2016. Both models are then compared. Finally, the rea-sons why investors invest in negative yield bond are described.
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Interest Rate Models
Butkovičová, Ivana ; Popela, Pavel (referee) ; Chvátalová, Zuzana (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on a description of the interest rate models that are applied in the sphere of financial mathematics. Furthermore, it specifically describes the Vašíček model, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model, Ho-Lee model and Hull-White model. These models are given by the stochastic differential equations. The main terms of the Stochastic Calculus are described in the theoretical part of the thesis. All the above models are also calibrated. Moreover, the spot and forward interbank interest rate—LIBOR is described in the thesis. By applying specific data, that are available in the public database of the Czech National Bank, we have simulated the Vašíček and Cox-Ingersoll-Ross models. The obtained results are interpreted.
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The transition from IBORs to new benchmarks
Ratajová, Kateřina ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Čech, František (referee)
The manipulation of LIBOR (London Interbank O ered Rate) and other issues around the interbank o er rates have led to their replacement by overnight rates. Some interbank o ered rates ceased at the end of 2021. Thus, this thesis is devoted to observing their behavior, estimating their drivers, and comparing them. For analysis of the rates' drivers is used ARIMAX model, which is an ARIMA model extended by exogenous variables. The possible drivers are indexes, which indicate volatility, sensibility, financial stress, and liquidity. Among key findings of this thesis are that the European IBOR rates are more prone to market volatility, which explains the impact of the European stock index. Furthermore, Bloomberg's indexes of financial condition are a good indicator for both European IBOR rates as well as British pound LIBOR and SONIA. In the US, USD LIBOR reacts to a liquidity index, while SOFR to the volatility in the market. JEL Classification F33, F37, G15, G2 Keywords interbank rates, transition, financial conditions index, LIBOR Title The transition from IBORs to new benchmarks
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Interest Rate Models
Butkovičová, Ivana ; Popela, Pavel (referee) ; Chvátalová, Zuzana (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on a description of the interest rate models that are applied in the sphere of financial mathematics. Furthermore, it specifically describes the Vašíček model, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model, Ho-Lee model and Hull-White model. These models are given by the stochastic differential equations. The main terms of the Stochastic Calculus are described in the theoretical part of the thesis. All the above models are also calibrated. Moreover, the spot and forward interbank interest rate—LIBOR is described in the thesis. By applying specific data, that are available in the public database of the Czech National Bank, we have simulated the Vašíček and Cox-Ingersoll-Ross models. The obtained results are interpreted.
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Importance of reference interest rates and LIBOR manipulation
Kolář, Petr ; Vejmělek, Jan (advisor) ; Šíma, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on a role of reference interest rates in developed market economies. There are described interest rate transmission mechanism and discussed factors, which led to manipulation of the LIBOR. How the manipulation was done and what reactions of supervisory authorities it induced. There are also listed proposed recommendations to ensure transparent reference indicators. This work also includes analysis of reference interest rates used in the Czech Republic. At the end of the thesis can be found application of a reference rate fixing process in a game theory model as well as application of Benford´s law as an indicator of the manipulation.
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The Switch from LIBOR to OIS Discounting
Kotálová, Magdalena ; Stádník, Bohumil (advisor) ; Staniek, Dušan (referee)
The main contribution of the diploma thesis is to give a comprehensive picture of the switch from LIBOR to OIS discounting. Prior to the global financial crisis, LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate) represented an approximation of the risk-free rate in the valuation of interest rate derivatives. The collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008 resulted in sharp widening of the LIBOR-OIS spread, an indicator of the interbank market stress. Many derivative practitioners have become concerned about the choice of an appropriate risk-free rate. Traditional valuation approaches using LIBOR discounting have been reviewed. Meanwhile, the OIS (Overnight Indexed Swap) rate has become a better proxy for the risk-free rate, at least for collateralized or centrally cleared transactions. Firstly, the research aims to discover the divergences between LIBOR rates, popular pre-crisis proxies for the riskfree rate, and OIS rates, their post-crisis alternatives. Secondly, it covers the interbank lending market, and analyzes individual LIBOR-OIS spreads for the USD, EUR, GBP and CZK currency. Thirdly, it explores the transition to OIS discounting in connection with an influence on a wide spectrum of interest rate derivatives. Therefore, any potential effects are demonstrated on numerical valuation examples of interest rate swaps in the USD, EUR, and GBP currency. Finally, the diploma thesis addresses a topic of collateral management and clarifies different approaches using LIBOR or OIS rates for collateralized or non-collateralized transactions.
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