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Comparison of dietary habits among heated tobacco users and conventional smokers
Strojná, Natália ; Pánková, Alexandra (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis was a comparison of the eating habits of users of heated tobacco compared to smokers of conventional cigarettes. The main aim of the bachelor thesis was to compare whether there are significant changes in the eating habits of heated tobacco users compared to conventional cigarette smokers using responses from an eating habits questionnaire. The study compared the eating habits of 18 respondents who were divided into a heated tobacco user group (8 respondents) with a mean age of 41 ± 5.66 and a conventional cigarette smoker group (8 respondents) with a mean age of 55 ± 15.09. The parameters under statistical investigation were protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, dairy products and fruit intake along with vegetables. Student's two-sample unpaired t-test for mean was used for statistical comparison of the groups. Before performing the t-test, the F-test was used in which each parameter was subjected to analysis for the so-called equality of variance. The resulting means of the observed traits between the sets were as follows: protein p = 0.585859, fat p = 0.536003, carbohydrate p = 0.689622, fiber p = 0.94961, dairy p = 0.475181, fruit and vegetables p = 0.544135. All observed traits were not statistically significant, given that we considered the significance level to...
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Providing brief interventions related to the use of tobacco and nicotine products for patients in outpatient and inpatient healthcare facilities
Hubáčková, Jana ; Rolová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Votavová, Aneta (referee)
Background The using of tobacco and nicotine products causes nicotine addiction. Cigarette smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and lung disease. It is involved in the development of metabolic diseases and diseases of the gastrointestinal and urogenital tract. Brief interventions in the area of smoking are carried out to reduce the risks associated with the use of tobacco products and provide decision support in quitting. Healthcare staff in the hospital setting should provide brief interventions targeting the use of tobacco and nicotine products. Currently, the topic of providing brief interventions in hospital settings is minimally researched. Objectives The objective of the research was to find out whether the medical staff carry out short interventions and to map the range of brief interventions associated with the use of tobacco products provided by the medical staff in a university hospital in Prague. Methods The research was carried out on the basis of a quantitative questionnaire survey conducted among the medical staff (doctor, general nurse and other medical staff - paramedic, nurse, practical nurse) of 3 clinics in the university hospital in Prague. The data were subsequently processed in MS Excel and evaluated using descriptive statistical methods. Results Based on a...
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Eating habits of quitting smokers with increasing weight: analysis and sample diets (selected case studies)
Klásková, Nikola ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Pánková, Alexandra (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on analysing the dietary habits of former smokers who have gained weight and subsequently creating sample meal plans based on selected case studies. The theoretical part summarizes current knowledge on smoking-related issues, such as smoking epidemiology, tobacco addiction, and the impact of smoking on health. It examines the influence of smoking on dietary habits, including its effects on micronutrients. The thesis discusses smoking cessation options and its effects on the gastrointestinal tract and body weight, presenting strategies for maintaining body weight after quitting smoking. In the practical part, the meal plans and overall lifestyle of four former smokers are evaluated. The aim of the thesis is to understand the relationship between changes in eating habits and weight gain in former smokers and to offer practical recommendations for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Keywords Smoking, nutrition, eating habits, nicotine addiction, weight gain, smoking cessation.
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Tobacco and nicotine use among people with mental disability
Leksová, Anna ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Chomynová, Pavla (referee)
Background: Tobacco use is one of the most serious causes of diseases and death not only in the Czech Republic but worldwide. More than 8 million people worldwide die annually from tobacco use, of which more than 7 million deaths are due to direct tobacco use and 1.2 million deaths worldwide are due to indirect exposure to second-hand smoke. It is estimated that almost one in seven adults smoke tobacco every day. There are few studies that have investigated the use of tobacco products and other addictive substances among people with intellectual disabilities, yet it is known that mortality rates among people with intellectual disabilities tend to be much higher than in the general population. Moreover, the consequences of substance use for overall health and the social impact on this population are more harmful than for the general population. Aims: The aim of the bachelor thesis is to map the rates and patterns of tobacco and nicotine product use among people with mild, moderate or combined intellectual disabilities. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to determine the prevalence of tobacco and nicotine product use in this population of people in our country, the rates and patterns of use, and to compare the observed phenomena according to selected sociodemographic factors. The results should...
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Electronic controlled glow for water hookah
Rumíšek, Tomáš ; Šebesta, Jiří (referee) ; Fedra, Zbyněk (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the substitution of a standard charcoal heating system for an electronically-controlled heating element in a hookah. The heating element temperature is regulated by the Atmel microprocessor, depending on the temperature specified by an user. The user can adjust the desired temperature on a control panel, where also the actual temperature of the heating element will be displayed.
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Electronic cigarettes - comparison of emitted particles
Buřil, Lukáš ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on the research and comparision of 3 electronic cigarretes with regard to emitted particles. The Subject of experiments was a small electronic cigarette cig-a-like, a common electronic cigarette GoTech eGo Ce4 and a higher class electronic cigarette iSmoka eLeaf iJust 2. For the purposes of this work an experimental track was constructed in the Laboratory of Aerosol Research at BUT FME. Emitted particles of cigarettes mentioned above were measured on this track by Lighthouse SOLAIR 3100 and TSI SMPS 3936. The aim of this thesis is to compare different types of electronic cigarettes.
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A new generation of electronic cigarettes
Kodad, Daniel ; Bělka, Miloslav (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
The subject of the bachelor thesis Electronic cigarettes of the new generation is the research and comparison of two electronic cigarettes which use heated tobacco systems with regards to emitted particles. The subject of the experiments was the electronic cigarette I quit ordinary smoking (IQOS) and electronic cigarette GLO. For the purposes of this work an experimental track was designed in the Aerosol Research Laboratory at BUT FME where the emitted particles from electronic cigarettes mentioned above were measured using instruments Aerosol Particle Sizer 3321 and TSI SMPS 3936.
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Comparison of hookah, electronic cigarette and classic cigarettes in regard to emitted particles
Krátký, Štěpán ; Bělka, Miloslav (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
This master’s thesis is focusing on the research of chosen smoking types and their comparison in regard to emitted particles. Aerosol created during smoking represents a serious threat for human health. For purposes of this work an experimental set-up was constructed in the Laboratory of Aerosol Research at BUT FME and experiments simulating smoking process were carried out. The results of these experiments are presenting objective information about the constitution of produced aerosol which enters smoker’s lungs. There are many myths about the harmful effects of different types of smoking. The goal of this work is to verify and resolve these myths and set the foundation for possible upcoming research in this area.
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Attitudes of active smokers, patients of outpatient services, after a stroke towards smoking
Horvátová, Tatiana ; Svěcená, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Background: "A stroke is a brain disease caused by a sudden vascular supply malfunction" (Růžička, 2019, p. 213) and "nn the Czech Republic, it affects more than 50,000 people every year" (Zámečník et al., 2019, p. 676). Smoking is one of the most common modifiable risk factors of its occurrence. Chemicals in cigarettes are involved in the development of atherosclerosis and other pathologies leading to stroke and heart disease (Kim et al., 2012). Research suggests that even a complex life event, such as a stroke, does not lead to quitting smoking in many patients. This may be related to the low awareness of the population that smoking is a risk factor for stroke despite relatively high awareness of the negative effects of cigarettes in general. The emotional relationship of smokers to smoking is strong and the rationalization of smoking is strong as well. Aim: The aim of the thesis is to find out the attitudes of active smokers after a stroke towards smoking. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and a research part. The theoretical part focuses on the issue of stroke, risk factors for its occurrence and explains the conative, cognitive, and emotional components of attitudes. In the research part, the attitudes towards smoking of active smokers after a stroke are determined. Methods: Data...
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The impact of advertisement and promotion of alternative tobacco and nicotine products on tobacco users: online survey
Jirásková, Alžběta ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Zachová, Kateřina (referee)
Background: In the last few years, a large number of nicotine products have appeared on the Czech market, which are intended, among other things, to serve as alternatives to conventional cigarettes. These alternatives are often visually very distinctive and attractive. They are often perceived by users as less harmful and suitable for substitution for conventional cigarettes. At the same time, these products are not subject to legislation as strict as conventional cigarettes or packaged tobacco. Currently, approximately one quarter of the Czech population are at least occasional smokers, and a significant proportion are either currently using alternative nicotine products or are considering changing their use. Aims: The main objective of this work was to determine how active tobacco users perceive new alternatives on the market, specifically in terms of health harms, marketing presentation and appearance. In particular, another objective is to map preferences in the choice of use form and to compare the above mentioned alternatives with conventional cigarettes. Methods: The data was obtained through quantitative research. It was carried out using an online questionnaire survey in the Survio platform interface and distributed in the social networking environment. Respondents were collected through...
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