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Polyphosphates in microalgae: monitoring of their accumulation and intracellular localization by means of Raman microscopy
Suja, Matyáš ; Mojzeš, Peter (advisor) ; Kočišová, Eva (referee)
Phosphorus is widely used in agriculture, where it promotes the growth of crops and increases the profitability of soil. Together with a growing world population, there is a dramatic increase in consumption of this important element. However, the global phosphate deposits are finite and are expected to be depleted in the next few decades. It is therefore important to find an effective way of recycling, which could be represented by single-celled microscopic algae. Microscopic algae are able to accumulate large quantities of phosphorus from the surrounding environment and to store this phosphorus, among others, in the form of polyphosphates. Polyphosphates are high-energetic biomolecules which are contained in the cells of plant as well as animal kingdom. They play a key role in a vast number of vital processes. Raman microscopy can be applied to study metabolism and distribution of biomolecules at a cellular level without the need of a special preparation of the specimen before the measurement. The subject of this bachelor thesis consists of development of methodologies that are needed for studying the accumulation and intracellular localization of polyphosphates in microalgae by means of Raman microscopy.
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Phenomenon of human labor in the Hannah Arend's book Vita Activa: The role of labor in the process of capital accumulation and its ambivalent relation to the nature and environment.
Vála, David ; Novák, Arnošt (advisor) ; Jirsa, Jakub (referee)
5 Tématem diplomové práce je fenomén lidské práce a její vztah k životnímu prost edí a p írod v rámci r stov orientovaného kapitalismu. První ást práce pomocí fenomenologické analýzy inných modalit, jak je nacházíme v díle Vita Activa Hannah Arendtové, odpovídá na otázky Co je to lidská práce? Jak se lidská práce liší od zhotovování? Jaký je vztah t chto inných modalit k p írod a životnímu prost edí? Druhá ást analýzy je zam ena na historické prom ny práce v období novov ku, jež se p ekrývá s nástupem pr myslového kapitalismu. Poslední ást pak analyzuje fenomén práce v soudobé environmentální sociologii - role práce v teorii b žícího pásu výroby (Allan Schnaiberg) a teorie akumulace kapitálu (J. B. Foster). Klí ová slova: práce, zhotovování, Hannah Arendtová, fenomenologie, kapitalismus, p íroda, b žící pás, ekonomický r st, akumulace, planetární meze, Alain Schnaiberg The aim of the thesis deals with the phenomenon of human work and its relationship to the environment and nature in the context of growth-oriented capitalism. The first part of the thesis includes phenomenological analysis of the two basic modalities: labor and work, which can be found in the Hannah Arendt's book The Human Condition. Second part of theses descirbe the crossing of those modalities during the modern times. In this part I try to...
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Impact of habitat diversity and wood debris accumulation on macroinvertebrates
Nováková, Barbora ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Rödlová, Sylva (referee)
The revitalization of watercourses should be amended to restore the natural landscape water regime. Healthly waterflow should contain a morphologically rich bed with added dead wood and alternating pools and riffle. All these structures are colonized by varied fauna, that is distributed according to its dietary requirements. These problems are devoted to the research part of work. Another part is focused on the research of three tributaries in the upper basin of Blanice river near Prachatice. The location is thanks to the population of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera), significant not only in Czech but also in european scale. Therefore, there is an important aspect of environmental protection. Given the importance of the site, there are experimental research carried out by Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology at the Faculty of Charles University in Prague. The practical part is based on the determination of macroinvertebrates revitalized Sviňovického brook and the subsequent evaluation of water quality. Samples of macroinvertebrate were collected using method PERLA and subsequently identified in families. For use BMWP score and ASPT index, the quality of water placed in the appropriate category of water quality.
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Uptake and metabolism of 137Cs in plants
Šustr, Marek ; Tylová, Edita (advisor) ; Maršík, Petr (referee)
Plants are able to uptake radiocesium from soil, which is the potential route to enter the food chain. Cesium mobility in soil is determined by clay particles. Cesium can be reversibly ad- sorbed on their surface or can be fixed between layers. Mineral illit has the highest selectivity for cesium due to its frayed edges. Organic matter determines cesium mobility only in soil with organic matter content above 90 %. Cesium is more available for plants in this soil. Cesium uptake varies among species. Many plant species accumulating big amounts of cesium belong to family Chenopodiaceae. Cesium uptake is affected by other cations in soil solution. Potassium is the most effective one. Increasing of external potassium concentration from 50 μM to 250 μM decreased cesium uptake thirty-fold. Potassium affects cesium mobili- ty in soil and plant uptake. Due to chemical similarities of cesium and potassium some potassium transporters efficiently transport both cations. Potassium transporters are therefore considered the main entrance site in plant roots. Great contribution to cesium uptake is dedi- cated to high-affinity potassium transporter HAK5. Another great part of cesium uptake is mediated by non-selective cation channels. Plants can uptake up to 80 % of cesium applied on shoot surface. Cesium is highly...
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Energy independence and optimization of energy consumption with use renewable sources and smart wiring in house
Kaděra, Jan ; Hošek, Milan (referee) ; Bátora, Branislav (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on optimization of electric energy consumption in household and its energetic independence. There is an overview of available energy sources for household and possibilities of its accumulation. Next, the function of system electrical wiring is described and compared with systems in today‘s market. In more detail, the thesis deals with description of FOXTROT control system developed by the company TECO a. s. and with possibilities of its application. The study describes savings optimization from both investment and operation perspective. A comparison of appliances of two energy classes in current prices is done, as well as a comparison of one-way and two-way pricing. Savings opportunities in lighting system, temperature control and appliance division according to their manageability are demonstrated. A calculator for photovoltaic system was created which provides return time of investment upon input parameters. A part of the thesis is a project documentation realized as a stage of a household object study, on which optimization opportunities are demonstrated.
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Technologies for electricity storage
Novák, Adam ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Škorpík, Jiří (advisor)
This project deals with description of individual ways of electric energy accumulation. Accumulation itself becomes an essential part of the electricity grid due to rising electricity fluctuations from renewable sources and uneven consumption from users. For each technology, the principle of functioning and the advantages or disadvantages are explained. Based on this informations, it is specified suitable application. At the end, the state-of-the-art technology and modern equipment for storing electricity are presented.
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Small scale photovoltaic power plant
Hamerský, Tomáš ; Škorpík, Jiří (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The content of this bachelor thesis is the design of a small photovoltaic power plant for family house using a heat pump. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part provides a basic view of individual concepts connected with the photovoltaic power plant, where the individual concepts and principles of each device combined with operation are briefly described. The practical part is focused on determination of the energy balance for family house in the form of electricity and heat, as well as the incident solar radiation in the location of the object for fixed and positioning systems. In a conclusion, there is a determination of the individual variants of the photovoltaic system in order to determine the optimal variant.
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Flood protection in agriculturally used landscape
NOVOTNÝ, Patrik
The diploma thesis focuses on problematics connected to the flood and individual kinds of anti-flooding measures in agriculturally used landscape. Theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the general description of flood problematic. It contains basic terms connected with floods, mentions causes and flood categories, and also the factors that influence it's progress. Thesis includes precautions and solutions of the anti-flood protection. In the practical part of the thesis is characterised chosen region with flood risk. Analysis of the present state includes field research. As a result of the discovered risks have been selected appropriate anti-flood measures for stated location.
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