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Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa - causes, impacts, solutions
Svitáková, Lucie ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Pluskalová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to highlight the issue of poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the first part I give the definition of poverty and indicators which are used for its measurement. It also determines the factors that lead to poverty in this area. The second part deals with the characteristics of the main problems that arise from the existence of poverty. It includes mainly a lack of access to basic needs, high debts and unequal opportunities in international trade. The last chapter focuses on some of the many tools that could lead to eradication of poverty such as the Millennium Development Goals, debt relief and the concept of Fairtrade. The paper draws upon both Czech and foreign books and Internet resources, especially the annual reports, statistics and databases of international institutions.
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Conflict diamonds in Sub-Saharan Africa
Bičová, Martina ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Jeníček, Vladimír (referee)
The objective of this diploma thesis is to bring different views on the issue of resource dependence and the origins of conflicts connected to the diamonds from Sub-Saharan Africa; and to point out on the existence of conflict diamonds and the disinterest of international forum to solve this problem in the present and in the past. The diploma thesis consists of three chapters. First chapter analyses the resource dependence, conflict and the connection between them. Second chapter is focused on the definition of conflict diamonds, international initiatives and Kimberley Process. Third chapter represents the practical part of this diploma thesis, it analyses two conflicts connected to diamonds, the conflict in Angola and in Sierra Leone.
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World Bank Development Agenda With Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa
Lišková, Jana ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
World Bank Development Agenda With Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa Diploma thesis with subject World Bank Development Agenda With Focus on Sub-Ssaharan Africa is dividend into free main chapters. The first one deals with Sub-Saharan Africa as a development region. It briefly describes Africa's history and some of ecomomic and social characteristics, and also mentions main economic and social problems of the region. Second chapter concentrates on World Bank institution and the evolution of its development strategies since 1950s, in context with UN attitudes to development. Third charter looks into finance flows from World Bank to Subsaharan Africa since 1950s upto February 2012.
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Development of Sub-Saharan Africa and its position in the global economy
Kaštilová, Klára ; Jiránková, Martina (advisor) ; Sudliankou, Aliaksandr (referee)
This thesis deals with the sub-Saharan Africa, and especially with its development and position in the global economy. Sub-Saharan Africa is a territory consisting of 47 diverse states, which are mostly characterized as poor and backward. This backwardness stems primarily from poor literacy levels, low levels of life expectancy, high infection of HIV / AIDS and the lack of access to drinking water and food. The current situation is influenced by the history of sub-Saharan Africa, especially by the colonial and postcolonial era, which was followed by a gradual process of regional integration. At the time of European domination the major importance of sub-Saharan Africa was already recognized . It lies in the agricultural and mineral wealth of this region. The main commodities exported by sub-Saharan Africa are cocoa, coffee, diamonds, gold and cobalt. But the most important natural raw material is still oil. Even though sub-Saharan Africa accounts for only 1% of global GDP, its economic development over the last decade is significantly positive. However, despite this economic growth in this area there are the traps that impede sub-Saharan Africa's development. It's a trap of conflict, natural resource trap, the geographic trap and the mismanagement trap of small sub-Saharan countries. These problems are then engaged in a campaign UN's Millennium Development Goals, which aims to eradicate poverty and hunger, ensure primary education for all, achieve gender equality, improve maternal care, to defeat diseases such as HIV / AIDS, ensure sustainable development and promote cooperation between them, all by 2015. Backwardness of sub-Saharan region is evident from the fact that of all 47 states only 8 is regarded as newly formed economies and from the remaining 39, 32 are known as the least developed countries. As regards the other sub-Saharan Africa relations, they can be divided into so-called official development assistance, purely economic relations and foreign direct investment. In these relationships traditional partners like the EU or the USA have their exclusive position, but currently the importance of newly formed economies is growing. the growing importance is the most obvious in the flow of Chinese FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa, which is constantly increasing.
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Developing a global partnership for development in contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa
Macháčková, Jana ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kochan, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the Goal 8 of the Millennium Development Goals called "Develop a global partnership for development" and monitor its fulfilment in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. The emphasis is laid on three important areas included in the Goal 8 and these are official development assistance, access of developing countries on markets of developed countries and external debt burden of developing states. The aim of the thesis is to capture present development in these areas by selected official indicators, which were set by United Nations, compare their current development with the initial year 1990 and on the basis of available data from past three years assess probable future progress in the mentioned areas. Final part of the thesis includes case study of selected Sub-Saharan countries, Ghana and Lesotho.
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Informal Aspects of French African Policy after Independence of Former Colonies
Krýchová, Lucie ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kochan, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyses French foreign policy towards former colonies in Sub-Saharan Africa since 1960. Particular emphasis is given to informal relations, predominating in this policy. Although the countries gained independence, they remained under French influence and control for another three decades. France achieved this through skillful combination of formal and informal instruments, which are described in the thesis. Furthermore, the work deals with factors that predetermined the development of the new African policy and examines its goals and changes of instruments stemming from changes of international and domestic context. The thesis concludes with a case study specifically illustrating the development of relations between France and Gabon.
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Destination management's potential for improvement of the situation of local inhabitants in chosen Sub-Saharan Africa countries: implications for Ethiopia
Tůma, Jakub ; Herget, Jan (advisor) ; Pařízek, Karel (referee)
Destination management became the key to a successful development of tourism sector in the last decades. Its role is not only in enhancing the competitiveness of the country's tourism sector on the international market but also in maximazing the net benefits from tourism for the host country. These tasks are exceptionaly important in developing countries. These countries often have unique potential in the presence of tourism atractivities but lack the so needed resources for exploiting this potential. Low level of socio/economic and technological development further limits the market opportunities of developing countries. A natural part of the tourism sector is the local population. However, local inhabitants are often reduced to a tourist atraction and thus do not gain profits from tourism in their region. On the other hand, local people bear substantial costs induced by tourism activities. To avoid this situation, the destination management should seek for more equal participation of local inhabitants in the tourism sector. This thesis will conduct an analysis of destination management in three relatively successful countries of the Sub-Saharan Africa region: Kenya, Ghana and the Republic of South Africa. The tested hypothesis is that destination management has the power to actively affect the situation of local inhabitants with regard to tourism activities in their region. The analysis is conducted in two ways. First, the programming documents of responsible tourism authorities will be compared to the actual activities of this authorities. Second, the conducted activities will be contrasted with the curent situation and problems of the particular countries. The results will then be applied on Ethiopia which is one of the least developed countries in the world but has one of the biggest tourism potentials in the Sub-Saharan Africa region.
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Oil reserves in Sub-Saharan Africa (for example Nigeria)
Matoušková, Jaroslava ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; De Castro, Tereza (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with oil supplies in subsaharan Africa, with detailed focus on oil production in Nigeria. First part of this work deals with general characterization of african oil-producing states, their oil supplies and their importance to the world economics and the influence of their oil supplies to their own political and economical developement. The conclusions from the first part of the work are consequently applied in the second part of the work, which details the biggest subsaharan oil producer -- Nigeria. The main goal of this bachelor thesis was to demonstrate dependence of Nigeria on oil production and to find potential pros and cons, that the oil production causes to the state of Nigeria. The results which I concluded are presented in the final part of the work.
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Gender aspects of African Development
Kolcunová, Petra ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Pavlicová, Vendula (referee)
Trade liberalization has different impacts on groups of individuals in the society. Some of them improve their situation, the other ones get worse. Due to the existing gender inequali-ties the distribution of benefits from trade liberalization between women and men is dis-proportional. The paper indentifies main areas, in which are the gender inequalities the most significant. African women are limited in their access to education, productive resources and to technologies, but also to the means of financing. These limits prevent women from full participation in trade and therefore also in economic growth of the country. The creation of new jobs in export-oriented sectors presents the main contribution of trade liberalization for African women. The income they are getting form those jobs are usually used to finance the education and health care for children, that is why their quality of life may improve. The paper concentrates on the reciprocal relation between liberalization and gender equality, which is demonstrated on the status of women in trade and in export-oriented sectors.
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