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Ultrasound blood flowmeter for haemodialysis monitor
Krohová, Lucie ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
The main objective of this thesis is to get know about introduce the principles of hemodialysis, blood flow measurement methods and the creation the system and peripheral design of blood flow meter. The thesis contains an introduction to hemodialysis, a description of the dialysis monitor, the distribution of ultrasonic flow meters and system design of blood flow meter with a brief description of each function block, circuit diagram of a flow meter and experimental verification of the circuit. There are also the list of components, printed circuit board drawing and technical drawing of the sensor included.
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Simulation of sound source motion for multichannel speaker topology
Dvořák, Petr ; Kurc, David (referee) ; Orlovský, Kristián (advisor)
This paper describes the simulation of the motion of a sound source in space with several speakers. It deals mainly with the study and subsequent implementation of events necessary for simulating the motion of the virtual sound source. The theoretical part is therefore concerned with finding these phenomena and with their description. Mainly that means description of panning of the sound and of the Doppler effect. In the following practical part of the work, the previously described phenomena are applied into Matlab. In the created interface , it is then possible to select the parameters of the simulation, such as the trajectory of the motion of the virtual sound source, the number of the points of the trajectory, etc. Analyses of the generated signal are then made of the selected referential parameters of the simulation.
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Ultrasonic blood flow meter
Pavlík, Dušan ; Čížek, Martin (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with ultrasound blood flow meter design with emphasis on practical implementation of such device. This medical device is used in ultrasound diagnostic, especially for measuring direction and velocity of blood flow in superficial vessels. This thesis contains consecutive design including description of individual function blocks. Documents for making double-sided printed circuit are included as well.
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Ultrasound blood flow detector
Kameníček, Robert ; Dlouhý, Jiří (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
My master’s thesis deals with methods of measuring the ultrasonic blood flow blood vessel with a detailed focus on Doppler ultrasound systems, which find application in the diagnosis of superficial vascular and obstetrics. The thesis is described a proposal indicating polydirectional Doppler system with a continuous carrier wave frequency of 4 MHz, the intensity of ultrasound 100 mW/cm2 and diameter D-shaped transducers 8 mm. As a result, the indicator will be able to measure blood flow velocity in the range of 5-40 cm/s, which appears to 3.5 digit display. After describing important theoretical assumptions, the work pays block diagram indicator. Furthermore, it examines the various functional blocks on the requirements imposed on them. It looks at the options of each functional block, and finally describes the implementation of the selected option and including peripheral solutions. Great attention is paid to the power of the indicator, where the power supply will be used 9 V battery. Create a symmetric voltage for operate amplifier and other auxiliary voltage will procure DC/DC converters. In conclusion, the work is located around the perimeter solutions indicator. The following draft for the production of double-sided PCB, its installation and a list of elements. The outcome of the thesis is complete documentation for the implementation of an indicator of blood flow, which allows us to obtain information on throughput vessels, especially the lower and upper limbs.
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Doppler's sensor beat freqeuncy proccessing
Dušek, Martin ; Macho, Miloslav (referee) ; Fuchs, Michal (advisor)
This work is engaged in ways of objects speed measuring mainly helped by Doppler Effect. The sensor HB410 is described in this work and its possible elaboration output heterodyne analog signal. The calculation of objects speed is deduced from frequency of heterodyne signal. In this work is projected circuit solution for elaboration of analog signal and its digitalization. Available types and nature of microcontrollers which are elaborating digital signal and communicating with PC are summarized in this work. In the last chapter is described microcontroller's driving software and PC software for speed measure.
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Analysis of AVG signals
Musil, Václav ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
The presented thesis discusses the basic analysis methods of arteriovelocitograms. The core of this work rests in classification of signals and contribution to possibilities of noninvasive diagnostic methods for evaluation patients with peripheral ischemic occlusive arterial disease. The classification employs multivariate statistical methods and principles of neural networks. The data processing works with an angiographic verified set of arteriovelocitogram dates. The digital subtraction angiography classified them into 3 separable classes in dependence on degree of vascular stenosis. Classification AVG signals are represented in the program by the 6 parameters that are measured on 3 different places on each patient’s leg. Evaluation of disease appeared to be a comprehensive approach at signals acquired from whole patient’s leg. The sensitivity of clustering method compared with angiography is between 82.75 % and 90.90 %, specificity between 80.66 % and 88.88 %. Using neural networks sensitivity is in range of 79.06 % and 96.87 %, specificity is in range of 73.07 % and 91.30 %.
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Advanced laser diagnostic systems to measure flow field
Loutocký, Petr ; Lízal, František (referee) ; Jedelský, Jan (advisor)
The aim of this work is to give readers a comprehensive view of the present laser methods for measuring the velocity of fluid flow. The methods are classified and compared according to various criteria. Individual techniques are briefly outlined their principles of measurement, options and range of applications. Furthermore, this work discusses the advantages and disadvantages, appropriate areas of application and the basic parameters. At the end we can find a sample analysis of data measured by one method.
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Doppler measurement of vessel parameters
NÁTHEROVÁ, Markéta
Ultrasound investigation is the most common and most readily available current advanced diagnostic method. Ultrasound can be used to track and image moving structures such as cardiac valves or flowing blood {--} these methods are based on the so-called Doppler phenomenon. Using the Doppler phenomenon, it is possible to determine the velocity and direction of movement of the measured object. The objective of this work was to track the changes of vascular flow and pulse rate depending on the degree of tolerance of exercise attained by the test persons, the stress (load) and ambient temperature changes. For this purpose, 2 groups were defined where the first group consisted of individuals adapted to the stress, while the members of the second group were untrained. To measure the vascular parameters we used a Doppler meter, HiDop 300. The LCD display of the instrument, or alternatively the monitor of a connected computer, provide images of the measured spectral Doppler curve as well as its parameters (heart rate HR, resistance index RI, pulsatility index PI, systolic/diastolic ratio, mean frequency). The work is concerned with the impact of physical load and cold-related stress on the circulatory system in the vessels. The haemodynamics of the vascular system depends on the type and intensity of the load. The formulation of results of the work, however, must account for a number of internal factors (age, sex, health {\dots}) and external factors (ambient temperature, air flow {\dots}) that are themselves associated with various changes in the circulatory system. For example, reduction of peripheral vascular contractility in the elderly, disruption of vascular wall elasticity by depositing fatty substances or increased heart rate due to the stress stimulus. The main advantage of a Doppler instrument and all ultrasound methods is to be seen in the fact that it is a non-invasive method, and has no adverse effects on the investigated person, such as the effects associated with roentgen radiation, provided, however, that appropriate intensity of ultrasound radiation has been chosen.
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