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Influence of corticosteroids and movement disorder on development of osteoporosis in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)
Týblová, Michaela ; Kubala Havrdová, Eva (advisor) ; Vymazal, Josef (referee) ; Taláb, Radomír (referee)
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with impaired bone health in comparison to an equally healthy population, even already in patients at the onset of this disease. The main risk factors for development of osteoporosis in MS patients are known. The aim of the study was to find the relationship of the decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) to the administered cumulative dose of steroids and to other risk factors in MS, mainly to the degree of motor deficit. Further goal was to evaluate the occurence of the risk of low-trauma fractures in multiple sclerosis patients.. The BMD and muscle mass was compared in MS patients (women and men) and control subjects, to examine the effect of main ones - physical disability and long-term glucocorticoid (GC) therapy on BMD. Clinical values of bone remodeling markers were evaluated in assessment of rate of bone loss in patients with multiple sclerosis long term treated with low dose of GC. Patients and methods: We used dual -energy X-ray absorptiometry for a measurement of BMD in 591 MS patients (455 females and 136 males) in 2004 and in cross-sectional longitudinal study published in 2014 with 474 patients (353 women and 121 men). Out of the whole study group body composition was evaluated in 250 MS females, 104 males and 247 healthy controls (193...
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Diet Problem and Osteoporosis Prevention
Jáňová, Nikola ; Kuncová, Martina (advisor) ; Sekničková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor thesis Diet Problem and Osteoporosis Prevention is, among other things, dedicated to a brief introduction to linear programming. It represents a procedure to solve linear programming tasks. It also focuses on the essence of the diet problem, its history and its use in praxis. Besides the diet problem, the word osteoporosis appears in the title, because the thesis deals with diet-based prevention of osteoporosis. An introduction to the subject of osteoporosis is also included. After defining the theoretical basis, the one-day and five-day diet models are formulated. Both models have to meet many criteria and constraints. The models emphasize two categories of people: adults aged from 18 to 50 and adults older than 50. One-day diet models are solved in MS Excel. A solution of the extended five-day model is designed with MPL for Windows.
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Calcium intake in the diet of VFN medical staff
Figalová, Sandra ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Michalská, Dana (referee)
This thesis deals with calcium as one of the most important micronutrients in our body. The theoretical part describes the basic functions of calcium in the human body and its metabolism. Further it concerns significant resources of calcium and diseases associated with its excess or deficiency. The theoretical part also deals with calcium homeostasis and the factors affecting it and recommended daily calcium intake for different age groups. The practical part of this thesis includes quantitative research of calcium intake in the diet of medical staff at the General University Hospital in Prague reviewed through included graphs. It concerns mainly the calcium intake in the diet of nurses of the 3rd Internal Clinic of General University Hospital in Prague. The observed dietary calcium intake among nurses is sufficient for 50% of them. The second half of the respondents, however, evidence the lack of micronutrients in their diet. The results found were compared then to the recommended daily allowances of calcium. The practical part also evaluated the overall awareness of nurses about calcium intake and the incidence of calcium in the diet which is unsatisfactory for most of them. Finally, besides the detailed results, this thesis presents recommendations that could lead to improvement of the above conclusions...
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Qualitative aspects of adherence to antiresorptive treatment in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis
Ravingerová, Aneta ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
QUALITATIVE ASPECTS OF ADHERENCE TO ANTIRESORPTIVE TREATMENT IN WOMEN WITH POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Aneta Ravingerová Supervisor: Magda Vytřísalová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Compliance is using of medication in accordance with a prescription drug regimen. Qualitative aspect of compliance represents use of drugs in correct way. significantly affects treatment outcomes.Suboptimal compliance The study aim was to assess qualitative compliance with bisphosphonates (BIS)AIMS: among Czech women with osteoporosis in common clinical practice. METHODS: Data collection was performed using anonymous questionnaire in five outpatient Compliance with fivecentres in the Czech Republic from November 2012 to March 2013. dosing instructions for safe use and adequate absorption of BIS was evaluated. : A total of 363 patients were involved in the analysisRESULTS (mean age 68.9 years). once a week dosing forms ofPatients were treated with BIS - alendronate, alendronate + once a month dosing formvitamine D in a fixed combination, risedronate (N = 36.6 %) or - Only 46.6 % of respondents from weekly subgroup were compliantibandronate (N = 63.4 %). with all five dosing recommendations in monthly subgroup....
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Adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis
Holcová, Radka ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Fuksa, Leoš (referee)
Adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis Author: Radka Holcová Supervisor: Magda Vytřísalová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Introduction: The insufficient medication adherence is a very frequent problem with chronic asymptomatic diseases as osteoporosis which significantly influences the treatment outcome. The successful osteoporosis therapy is based on adequate supply of calcium and vitamin D. A lot of studies are focused on the adherence to antiresorptive treatment but the adherence to supplementation therapy is rarely evaluated. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementation in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: The adherence was evaluated using two different methods: self-reported questionnaire and the electronic monitoring by bottles type Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS). This partial analysis of a multicentre study includes and assesses data from Osteocentre in Pardubice Regional Hospital. Results: The analysis was performed with 15 women (the average age of 73). The patients were treated with Caltrate 600 mg/400 IU D3 once a day for three months. The adherence during the entire period...
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Adherence to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis
Santariová, Martina ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Doseděl, Martin (referee)
ADHERENCE TO PHARMACOTHERAPY OF OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Martina Santariová Supervisor: PharmDr. Magda Vytřísalová, Ph.D. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Adherence is the extent to which the patient's behavior (using of medication, following recommended regimen) is in accordance with the advice of the health care provider. Adherence to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis, including compliance and persistence, is still suboptimal. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was assessing of subjectively evaluated adherence with peroral bisphosphonates used to treat osteoporosis within Czech women. METHODS: A cross-sectional multicentre survey. Data collecting was carried out using anonymous questionnaire in five osteocenters in the Czech Republic. The research was performed between November 2012 and March 2013. Adherence was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire OS- MMAS (Osteoporosis-specific Morisky Medication Adherence Scale). RESULTS: A total of 363 postmenopausal women aged 55 years and older with osteoporosis or osteopenia were participated in the study. 133 (36,6 %) women used weekly dosage forms of BIS (alendronate, alendronate and vitamine D in a fixed combination, risedronate) and 230 (63,4 %) women used...
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Fractures of the distal radius as serious geronto-traumatology problem and its possible solutions
Pacovský, Vladimír ; Topinková, Eva (advisor) ; Trč, Tomáš (referee) ; Pilný, Jaroslav (referee)
Fractures of the distal radius are the most common fractures treated at our clinics . It accounts for around 16 % of all fractures. Most often we meet them in two age groups - children and especially in postmenopausal women. In this group the fractures are frequently associated with osteoporosis. The most common cause of fracture is a fall on the outstretched extremity. Together with fractures of the proximal humerus, proximal femur and vertebral fractures they are the most common gerontotraumatologic fractures. The frequency of fractures of the distal radius gradually increasing. The reason is the increasing average age of the population and their active way of life. Our group consists of 5,359 patients treated for a fracture of the distal radius in 1998 and from 2001 to 2013 . During this time , the frequency of fractures increased by 19,7%. For women with distal radius fractures occur 3 times more frequently, the average age of treated was 59,1 years. About 80 % of distal radius fractures are treated conservatively. The surgical treatment of seniors decide not only the type and stability of the fracture, bone quality, but especially the overall condition of the patient and his claims to a final functional outcome. Long-term functional results after conservative treatment in the elderly are nearly the...
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Women awareness of osteoporosis and its prevention.
Račanská, Eva ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Strnadová, Alice (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Disease osteoporosis or bone loss is caused by an increased loss of bone tissue, fragility and by reduced flexibility of the bones. The disease is widespread both in the Czech Republic and worldwide. Its occurrence is increasing. Osteoporosis is partly conditioned by poor diet, sedentary lifestyle among young people, which is nowadays widespread. Some factors may affect the individual himself. The theoretical part deals with facts, which relate to disease osteoporosis, anatomy, symptoms, causes, diagnosis, complications, treatment and pharmacological treatment of fractures. The conclusion of the theory is focused on prevention and education. The aim of the thesis was to determine whether women are informed about osteoporosis and if these information are sufficient for them. I also examined whether the respondents suffer from osteoporosis, if they know preventive measures to prevent osteoporosis and how they comply with them. In the empirical part a research was conducted by a quantitative method. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to ascertain whether the respondents are sufficiently informed about osteoporosis, if they comply with prevention, and know the risk factors for osteoporosis. I also concentrated on prevention, whether women adhere to preventive measures and if the...
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Circadian rhythm of parathyroid hormone and bone remodeling: implication for the osteoporosis treatment with teriparatide (parathormone [1-34])
Rašková, Mária ; Zikán, Vít (advisor) ; Žofková, Ivana (referee) ; Perlík, František (referee)
Circadian rhythm of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is well documented, but its physiological role is not fully understood. In healthy individuals, biochemical markers of bone remodeling follow a similar circadian rhythm to PTH with a nocturnal rise in bone resorption and formation. The loss of PTH diurnal variation was observed not only in primary hyperparathyroidism, but also in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Continuously elevated concentrations of PTH lead to excessive stimulation of bone resorption, whereas intermittent PTH administration has a strong osteoanabolic effect in patients with osteoporosis. It has not been examined whether the skeletal sensitivity to PTH action depends also on the time of its application. The aim of our study was to verify the hypothesis that the application of teriparatide (TPTD, recombinant human PTH [1-34]) at different times of the day in the context of its diurnal variability affects the physiological circadian rhythm of bone remodeling and also the bone mineral density (BMD) after the long-term TPTD treatment. Fourteen women with postmenopausal osteoporosis treated with 20 micrograms of TPTD daily, applied subcutaneously either in the morning or evening, were included in the first study. The concentration of serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen...
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