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Analysis of phytoplankton pigments from freshwater systems.
ŽIŠKOVÁ, Eva
The aim of this study was to use pigments to determine freshwater phytoplankton composition . The samples were collected from freshwater lakes in the Czech Republic and Germany. The pigment analyses were conducted using the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC data were processed by computer program CHEMTAX to calculate the composition of phytoplankton. The obtained pigment data were compared with standard light microscopy which was used to obtain more detailed taxonomic resolution.
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A novel function of red pigment-concentating hormone in crustaceans: \kur{Porcellio scaber} (Isopoda) as a model species
ZRALÁ, Jana
The HPLC and LC/MS analyses of the CNS from isopod crustacean the woodlouse, Porcellio scaber revealed a presence of the red pigment-concentrating hormone (Panbo-RPCH) in this species. It has been shown that this neuropeptide plays a role in mobilization of energy stores: topical treatments of P. scaber individuals by Panbo-RPCH in a concentration 20 pmol/{$\mu$}l increased the level of glucose in haemolymph about 4 times. Glucose was the main carbohydrate mobilized by the Panbo-RPCH treatment. Despite the demonstration of hyperglycaemic activity of Panbo-RPCH, no stimulatory effect of this hormone on the locomotory activity of P. scaber was observed. The present study is the first discovery of an occurrence of Panbo-RPCH and its hyperglycaemic activity in the representative of the isopod crustacean.
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Medicinal plants, their fertilization and elicitors treatment with the aim of maximum production some active substance.
ŠRÁMEK, Jan
Echinacea purpurea belongs to adaptogenic plants containig pharmacologically active compounds. The most important parts of the plants for medical use are roots, but also aboveground parts are processed. The plants were grown in triennial precise small-parcel experiment using acetylsalicylic acid as an in vivo elicitor to increase the content of bioactive substances. The contents of cichoric acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and caftaric acid were assayed in roots, tops and flowers. Repeated application elicitors on leaves were conducted with three different concentrations in fortnightly intervals. Ethanol extracts from the plant samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. The effect of the elicitor on the content of bioactive substances was statistically significant. The optimal concentration of the elicitor considering the content of bioactive substances in roots is the middle one. The effect of elicitor is year-dependent.
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Effect of N eutrofication of wetland soils on organic N content and quality
ŠEDA, Martin
This study deals with an effect of fertilization on amount and quality of free amino acids in soil from wet meadows affected by nutrient loading. Free amino acids were analysed in the soil from the field experiment situated at wet meadows, where an increased nutrient input is simulated (fertilizer NPK). The experiment was established on two sites with different types of soil {--} Záblatí with organic soil and Hamr with mineral soil, both areas in the South Bohemia region. The soil was repeatedly sampled for more than two years and year. One part of this study is focused on testing of ninhydrine-method and HPLC-method for measuring free amino acids and efficiency of different extractants.
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Degradace nonylfenolu impulsním elektrickým výbojem ve vodě
Tothová, I. ; Janda, V. ; Lukeš, Petr ; Člupek, Martin ; Babický, Václav
Degradation of technical mixture of nonylphenol by the pulsed corona discharge in water has been investigated. It was shown that non-thermal plasma generated by the discharge can effectively remove nonylphenol from water. Degradation of nonylphenol followed first order kinetics. The removal efficiency was dependent on the solution conductivity, while a higher degradation was obtained with higher conductivity. Oxidation of nonylphenol by OH radical attack was proposed as possible mechanism of degradation by the discharge in water.
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