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Ukraine’s Position in Eurasian Transport of Oil and Natural Gas
Ruban, Andriy ; Vošta, Milan (advisor) ; Jeníček, Vladimír (referee) ; Wahla, Arnošt (referee) ; Terem, Peter (referee)
The thesis focuses on theoretical and empirical analysis of oil and natural gas flows in Eurasia and maps Ukraine's transit position in the regional oil and gas supply chain. The aim of the thesis is to objectively evaluate possibilities of Eurasian energy integration by enlargement of the European energy market further to the East and to prospect Ukraine's involvement into a new geopolitical energy alliance, driven by EU. This dissertation builds up on economical, geographical, historical and political premises of markets integration as well as system approach of energy alliances development. It argues that (i) energy integration on contrary to traditional economic stream can be explained by system approach and geopolitical stream of energy expansionism; (ii) EU infrustructural oil and gas projects imply deeper integration of EU member-states with involed non-members and (iii) Ukraine's oil and gas transit status within Eurasian region facilitates its growing involvement into EU energy intiatives guided by the European rules. The thesis is organized into three chapters. The first one is predominately theoretical and seeks to summarize current theoretical approaches towards integration and trends of energy markets in Eurasia. The second chapter introduces the role of oil and gas transport capacities and Ukraine's transit status in resolving disparities of Eurasian energy supply chain. The third chapter describes condition of Ukrainian oil and gas infrastructure and tackles issues for reformation of national oil and gas transit pipelines. Securing access to energy supplies has been a driving factor of global development since the industrial revolution. Increasing demand for oil and gas has undermined energy and economic security of world centers. In Eurasia Europe and Asia has been competing for fossil fuels originating from Russia, Middle East and Central Asia. Since recently Eurasian energy security problem is being solved by development of new supply routes. These infrastructural projects are initiated by oil and gas consumers, suppliers and transitors competing over control in the infrastructure. Such competition destabilises Eurasian relations, leads to energy "wars", political conflicts and increases supplies disruption risks. To secure stability of energy supply chain producers, transitors and consumers of oil and gas resources should integrate, closely cooperate and jointly invest into improving the existing supply routes and efficiency of fuels consumtion, production and transportation. Oil and gas should be traded for technologies and capital securing control in the infrustucture of mutual interests. Development of further bilateral and multilateral tools of joint interest would also help in resolving energy related contradictions of the participating parties. The leading role in driving energy integration in Eurasia belongs to the EU being the most mature and advanced integration grouping in Eurasia. EU realises TEN-e projects and from recently a common foreign energy policy aimed to strengthen external cooperation with oil and gas suppliers and transitors, including Ukraine. Since 1970s Ukraine has been an important oil and gas transitor for Russian and Central Asian oil and gas to Europe. Ukrainian pipelines intermediate 10 % of oil and 50 % of gas imports of Europe. To counterbalance Russian energy diplomacy over Ukraine, EU is supporting Ukraine's efforts in such energy alliances as INOGATE or GUAM. Ukraine's recent accession to the South Eastern-European Energy Community should improve stability of gas and oil supplies to Europe and facilitate reformation of national transit capacities.
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Model Solutions to Energy Supply Local Transportation and Alternative Sources of Transportation
Krtička, Miroslav ; Pirožek, Petr (advisor) ; Mareš, Milan (referee) ; Žufan, Pavel (referee)
The Thesis are focused on the area of strategic management using the strategies selection and decision making processes, based on the Game Theory apparatus. The analyses of local energy sources potential and possible use in local transportation are the basis of the Thesis. The problems of energy maintenance and efficient utilisation have not decreasing its importance even in the situation of technology & technical improvements; there are no universally-suitable processes found in this area. One of the approaches should be in the philosophy of maximising the utilisation of local resources to minimise the expenses of the transportation of the energies itself. The Thesis are focused on the increased efficiency of local energy-resources utilisation combined with continuously increasing energy demands in the area of transportation area. The Target is to construct model, having proportionally characterised the suitable strategies to the decision -- making in the areas of local energies production and/or their utilisation in the area of the local transportation demand saturation. The Game Theory approaches creating the basis for the different interested groups; it allows to compare the advantages of different options / strategies of the progress, having respected counter-strategies of the other parties of the conflict situation. The recommendation of the most advantageous strategies for the individual interested groups of the conflict (transport companies, potential producers of energies from local resources, society) is the result of the process. The construction of the model, having the ability to compare the merits of different options -- related to the energies-utilisation (strategies) is the contribution of the thesis. There is specific approach given to allow finding the results suitable for both interested parties of the conflict situation (producers of the organic matter for the energy production, potential energy producers, local transporting companies). All the results are based mainly on the verified statistic data sources. Resulting model allow good and transparent comparison of different strategies of the different interested groups related to the energy resources. The results could work not only in the area of theoretical calculations, but also companies and interested parties strategies recommendations to their own decision-making processes.
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Energetics in Visegrad Group
Horák, Lukáš ; Černá, Iveta (advisor) ; Čajka, Radek (referee)
Main purpose of this thesis is to find out how self sufficient concerning the energy raw materials are countries within Visegrad group. Further purpose of my thesis is to analyse total primary energy supply, the structure of energy supply in countries of Visegrad group and its developments in last 4 decades. Furher I want to reveal how the structure of total primary energy supply and structure of electricity generation reflect the disponibility of raw materials in these countries and transformation of economics in the nineties. A sub-objective of my work will examine how countries of the Visegrad Four use the potential of renewable energy sources and how they support it.
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EU-Russia: mutual energy relations
Bezrodná, Ksenija ; Vošta, Milan (advisor) ; Kašpar, Václav (referee)
Depleting fossil fuel reserves in EU and energy consumption growth lead to the fact that the European Union is becoming increasingly dependent on energy imports. The most important energy partner of the EU is Russia which delivers the biggest volumes of oil and natural gas to european countries. High rate of energy dependency on Russia is - especially in the context of gas crisis - perceived as a threat to EU energy security and it is necessary to deal with it immediately. The aims of the European Union policy on energy are to achieve higher territorial diversification of fossil fuel suppliers and transit countries and diversification of the EU energy mix, to promote renewable forms of energy and to establish common energy market to ensure solidarity among EU member states. European Union also should learn how to act as "one actor" and "one voice" on energy relations with Russia because that could help to ensure better negotiation position and to become a sovereign partner in mutual energy relations with Russia.
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The dependence of Chinese and Indian economy on mineral and energy imports
Bayerová, Zuzana ; Kašpar, Václav (advisor) ; Vošta, Milan (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze People's Republic of China and India from the point of view of their mineral and energy dependence, where mineral means the necessity to import raw materials for the industry, while energy corresponds to imports of energy resources, namely coal, oil and natural gas. The secondary aim is so called 3C-Analysis (Comparison, Competition, Cooperation), which compares these two economies and evaluates their mutual relationships. The thesis is divided into three main parts - China, India, 3C-Analysis. The subchapters focuse on partial analysis, which are the definition of strategic minerals based on the key industrial branches, the determination of causes of mineral resources dependence and problems outcoming from current structure of energy imports, as well as the analysis and evaluation of the steps leading to the dependence elimination. The text also contains information about the situation in industrial and energy sector of both countries and basic data of raw materials production, reserves, consumption and imports.
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Energy policy of the EU - Nuclear power in Europe
Kovácsik, Miroslav ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Vošta, Milan (referee)
The events of the recent past in the energy department in Europe have shown how big is it's dependency on import of the primary energy resources. In the long run it is obvious that a high dependency on import of resources with the increasing demand of the population will not be able to provide Europe with so much needed easy accessible and reasonably priced energy. The integration process in Europe lasts more than fifty years now but energy policy is even after the ratification of the Lisbon treaty in controll of the national parlaments of member countries. Even though the options and posibilitie of the countries differ in the long run a closer cooperation is mandatory. The thesis is about the united energy policy in Europe and the development it went through since the beginning of the integration process in the fifties of last century. I will describe the main events that formed it as well as the main resources of energy production in the EU. I will explain the term energy security and in the end I will write about nuclear power that is today a vary efficient but after the events of Fukushima also controversial alternative of energy independence.
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Energy EU-Russia relationship in the background of interest of central european countries
Bernat, Jakub ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Abrhám, Josef (referee)
Energy resources mean an important aspect of GDP of the Russian Federation. Most of these strategic commodities consumed in the EU have originated in Russia. The aim of the thesis is to assess the mutual relations between the EU and Russia in terms of energy trading with important raw materials with focus on Central Europe. The first chapter deals with various energy sources and their importance for the EU and thenthrough a common EU energy policy. The middle section is devoted to EU-Russia relations in energy and pipelines connecting both sides. The final section assesses the Union from the perspective of energy security and provides other alternatives forenergy production.
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