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Climbing in children and youth: acute physiological responses to climbing and their implications for upper body strength.
Zozul'áková, Michaela ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Nosek, Martin (referee) ; Krobot, Alois (referee)
Title: Climbing in children and youth: acute physiological responses to climbing and their implications for upper body strength. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to determine the physiological responses of children and youth to climbing and its implications for upper body strength. Methods: One hundred and twelve children (aged 9,8 ± 1,4 years) participated across two studies. Study one (91 children) explored the effects of climbing on upper body strength, with the aid of a battery of climbing specific tests (bent arm hang on the trapeze, finger hang on the wooden bar and maximal hand grip with the manual dynamometer). These tests were designed for the measurement of the key muscle groups involved in climbing. Study two (21 children) assessed acute physiological response to climbing using the indirect calorimetry method. Energy expenditure was used as an indicator of the climbing skills and to express the total climbing work completed. Study two lasted for 16 weeks, during this time the children underwent three measurements. Instructors recorded the routes climbed and their difficulty during each session. The period of the study corresponded with the duration of the climbing course for children during the school year. The results of the acute physiological response of children during climbing...
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The energy balance evaluation at spontaneous breathing polytrauma patients with nutritional support in ICU.
Jelínková, Valerie ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis investigates the influence of nutrition support on a set of critically ill patients after the administration of parenteral nutrition by measuring their energy expenditure and substrate oxidation. The study was performed on 8 spontaneously breathing patients during the 2nd-5th day of polytrauma and the variables were obtained by Indirect calorimetry. The mean age of the patients was 42 ± 16 years. Four patients were obese, three were overweight and one had normal weight in the examined group. The measurement was conducted on 7 patients after hypocaloric nutrition administration (1323 ± 281 kcal/day) and 1 patient after hypercaloric nutrition administration (3400 kcal/day). Statistical analysis revealed that the administered nutritional support had no significant effect on energy expenditure and the substrate oxidation preference. However, correlations between the values of energy expenditure, nutrients oxidation, and values of some of the laboratory parameters were observed. The energy expenditure of polytraumatic patients measured at least 4 hours after nutritional administration was 2139 ± 518 kcal/day and 24.6 ± 3.5 kcal/kg/day. This energy expenditure was covered by oxidation of proteins (31%), by lipids (46%) and by carbohydrates (23%). Large variability was found among the results...
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Energy expenditure and nutritional substrate utilization in critically ill patients.
Korvasová, Hana ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Havel, Eduard (referee)
This thesis deals with the measurement of (resting) energy expenditure and oxidation of nutritional substrates in critically ill patients, according to variously given nutritional support. The comparison of nutritional substrate incomes followed recommendation of the ESPEN guidance. Patients were examined by indirect calorimetry. This study included 9 critically ill patients on the ventilator, of which 1 patient was spontaneously breathing. (Resting) energy expenditure and oxidation of individual nutritional substrates were determined from the measured values. Firstly, the measurements were taken on fasting patients (without nutritional support). Secondly, a low caloric nutrition (1370 296.7 kcal/day) and lastly, normocaloric nutrition (2169.802 500.926 kcal/day) were given. This study also demonstrated the inaccuracy of resting energy expenditure estimation using predictive equations (the Harris-Benedict equation specifically), compared to the measured (R)EE by indirect calorimetry. According to the results of the HB-equation, resting energy expenditure decreased with increasing nutritional support. However, indirect calorimetry values showed the opposite, namely the increase in (resting) energy expenditure with increasing nutritional support. A statistically significant difference was found...
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Analysis of physical stress of teacher and the factors influencing it in teaching mathematics at primary school
KUČEROVÁ, Lucie
The diploma thesis is a pilot study focused on the analysis of teacher activities, physical load and factors that influence it in teaching mathematics at primary school in mathematics teaching, in the context of activities and methods of work that the teacher puts in the context of curriculum in this educational area. In the introductory part there are necessary theoretical bases for the work and fulfillment of the set goal. Pedagogical research is realized on two probands - teachers of 1 st. Elementary School. The basic method is to analyze the teaching activities of both teachers in 4 classes. The collection of necessary data is obtained by the method of observation, where the evaluation is based on multimedia records of 7 mathematics lessons from a two-month period. At the same time, using the heart rate sensing method in both probands, we recorded average heart rate and local heart rate extremes. In the results section, the results of observations and recordings from sport-tester with graphs are interpreted, where each unit is supplemented by a discussion. The final part summarizes the results and recommendations into practice.
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Analysis of the daily physical demands of a TV teacher at a high school in the context of lessons of physical education and daily school
TRAXLER, Lukáš
The aim and the main intention of the thesis is to analyze the daily physical stress which teachers of physical education face. Information were gathered at the selected high school within hours of TV and the daily routine of the school. In the theoretical part of the thesis elaborated the chapter relating to the characteristics of the teacher, and then defined the concepts of learning and teaching styles. Other chapters relate to stress in the school environment and the transport of oxygen in a human's body. The last part was named energy expenditure in relation to the metabolism. Observated subjekt of the research pilot study was teacher who have been professionally educated and with qualification in physical education and geografy subjects. The measurement was carried out using the sporttester method and observation records have been added, along with tabular recorders of factors. Analysis of daily routine included 10 measuring days divided into three thematic units (athletics, volleyball and rhythmic gymnastics). The research was carried out from September to December in the year 2018. The analysis of units and days was focused on heart rate and energy expenditure of the body, including the factors that influence these variables. When the method of the analysis have been applied, the measurement method, the direct non-participating observation and an interview of an outline were used along.
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Effect of nutritional support on energy expenditure and nutritive substrate oxidation in polytrauma patients.
Vlnová, Jana ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
In this study, examinations of 6 patiens of the ICU of the University Hospital in Hradec Kralove were included. The aim of this study was to describe case reports of individual patients and to look for statistically significant correlations between nutritional support, oxidation of nutrients and other parameteres. Anthropometric measuring and indirect calorimetry were used for the examination of patients. The case reports show the individuality that occurs in patients. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to evaluate measured data. Statistically significant correlations were proven, among them relations between enterally given nutrition and the creation/loss of muscle tissue (carbohydrates: P = 0,000189, lipids: P = 0,001284, proteins: P = 0,000255), between carbohydrate oxidation, resp. protein oxidation and the number of hours spent on ventilation (carbohydrates: P = 0,041278, proteins: P = 0,02185), between respiratory quotients and the duration of the trauma (respiratory quotient: P = 0,014695, nonprotein respiratory quotient: P = 0,027904), between carbohydrate oxidation related to ideal body weight and lipid intake (P = 0,014085) and between protein oxidation and carbohydrate intake (P = 0,012703). Key words: polytrauma, indirect calorimetry, nutritional support, malnutrition
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Influence of nutrition stereotype on body composition - body weight, body fat, muscle mass and body water.
Lichnovský, Miroslav ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Influence of nutrition stereotyps on body composition - body weight, body fat, muscle mass and body water. Objectives: The aim of this work is to influence changes in body composition in women of various ages, body weight, occupation and movement regime. By adjusting eating habits reduce the amount of body fat while maintaining muscle mass. Methods Basic dietary recommendations for the ratio of macro-nutrients and time aspects of food intake according to the general body weight reduction recommendation. The bioimpedance method is used for assessment of body composition and selected circuits are evaluated at the same time. Based on this data, an individual diet plan was developed for each woman and the dietary effect was continuously evaluated. The study involved six women. Four overweight and obesity weighing 92 ± 17 kg and BMI 35 ± 4 kg/ . Two with a normal weight of 60 ± 2 kg and a BMI of 22.5 ± 0.5 kg/ Average age of women 40 ± 15 years. Results: After the individual diet was applied for three months, we found significant changes in women with higher body weight. They reduced body weight by 6 ± 1 kg and body fat by 5 ± 1 kg. In addition, these persons reduced the waist circumference by 5 ± 2 cm and the hips by 4 ± 2 cm. For the remaining two subjects with normal body weight, we did not...
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The Reliability of Measuring on the Skytec Interactive Ski Simulator
Novotný, Otomar ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Fořterová, Petra (referee)
Title: The Reliability of Measuring on the Skytech Interactive Ski Simulator Objectiv: The goal of this work is to investigate the reliability of the measurement of energy expenditure on the Skytech Interactive Ski Simulator. Methods: The sample consisted of 14 subjects, among which were 9 boys and 5 girls. The value of energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry using the energy equivalent and respiratory exchange ratio. For the measurement of respiratory gases, the Metamax 3B metabolic analyzer and for the analysis of heart rate, the Polar S610 heart rate monitor were used. The subjects completed two measurements, each lasting 6 minutes. During this time, the data needed for subsequent calculations reliability were measured. Assuming that the pair of measuring has a two-dimensional distribution, the reliability equals the correlation coefficient. It was computed using the maximum likelihood method. Results: The measurement of energy expenditure on the Skytec Interactive Simulator provided consistent and reliable results. The findings in this study can be applied to further testing on this machine. Conclusion: The reliability of energy expenditure reached 0,84, a result better than the usual values of reliability tests, which may typically be about 0,8. Keywords: Energy expenditure,...
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Inflence of nutrition streotypes on body fat reduction
Lichnovský, Miroslav ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Influence of nutrition stereotypes on body fat reduction Objectives: The aim of this work is to achieve a reduction in body fat through appropriate eating habits. Acquired theoretical knowledge applied to practice for six women of different age and movement regime. Inform about the procedures of this intervention. Verify the validity of theoretical knowledge in practice. Achieve the desired results. Methods Basic dietary recommendations, peer-to-peer comparisons and time aspects of food intake. Furthermore, bioimpedance measurements on the In Body 230 instrument and physical body measurements by a tape method to determine the baseline status of the examined women and to subsequently monitor their running state at specified intervals. Developing a diet for each of these women and evaluating the on-going status. Results: The result of this diploma thesis is to make changes in eating habits that will lead to the reduction of body fat. Partial results are the protocols from the continuous measurement on the In Body 230 at the Lunacor s.r.o. In Kroměříž and fitness center Fit2b s.r.o. In Prague 8 - Bohnice.. Key words: Nutrition, way of living, lifestyle, obesity, BMI, dietary, basal metabolism, nutrition ratio, nutritional habits, reduction, body weight, body fat, muscle mass, body water,...
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Energy expenditure of motion of ski simulator SkyTec Interactiv
Malec, Jakub ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Gnad, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Energy expenditure of motion of ski simulator SkyTec Interactiv Objetives: The goal of this bachelor thesis is to determine energy expenditure of organism at the ski simulator SkyTec Interactiv. Methods: The content of this bachelor thesis was noinvasive measurement of fourteen participants. Energy expenditure rate was determined by indirect kalorimetry thus based on the volume of oxygen consumption and the amount of exhaled carbon dioxide. Measurement it was done at the ski simulator SkyTec Interactiv and portable metabolic analyzer MetaMax 3B was used for that mesuarment. Results: Measurement detected energy expenditure of each proband. Total amount of energy expendicture of active racing skiers was 117,67 kJ while of no racing skiers was 218,99 kJ. Assumed hypothesis was confirmed. Lower values of energy expenditure were measured at active racing skiers in comparison with inactive /others skiers. Keywords: Skiing, ski simulator, energy expenditure, spiroergometry, oxygen consumption
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