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Introducing the area of polygons, particularly by method of releasing parameter in primary schools
Kovář, Luděk ; Kloboučková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Tůmová, Veronika (referee)
This thesis deals with the description of constructive approach to teaching mathematics in the third grade of primary school. Teaching mathematics is focused on geometry, specifically on one way of introducing the area of the scalene triangle which describes the relation between a side and its height and corresponding area. In the thesis I describe six particular lessons, their preparation, process of their realization and my own reflections. In these lessons, I analyse some cognitive phenomena as well as social relationships among pupils. Furthermore, I present a detailed examination of tasks from the final diagnostic test, in which I aim towards proving success of this method of teaching mathematics. After four years, I attempt to verify the permanency of the knowledge pupils gained in these particular lessons. I illustrate this by presenting analysis of additional exercises. The whole experimental process was led within the method of releasing parameter. Individual lessons were in accordance with given stages of this method, as described in specialised literature. I verified that the above mentioned method is applicable in teaching mathematics even in the third grade of the primary school. KEYWORDS teachingstyles, perimeter and area, square grid, polygon, method of releasing parameter
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Pupils' strategies for solving additive algorithms
Khanová, Alžběta ; Kloboučková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Slezáková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the strategies that pupils use for solving additive tasks. The theoretical part focuses on younger-school ages, the transformation of education in the 20th century and the addition operation. The practical part describes a series of experiments realized in mathematics lessons with pupils from the 1st elementary school. During the experiment, pupils have met the environment of the hundred board. I compared pupils's numerical strategies for solving additive algorithms, after the end of the experiment. Also I compared results between pupils, who were part of the experiment and are taught by textbooks from "Nakladatelství Fraus" with pupils who did not participate in the experiment and are taught by textbooks from "Nakladatelství ALTER".
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Fostering of spatial imagination of students using three projections - different approaches in Czech and Danish Education
Petráková, Barbora ; Kloboučková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Jirotková, Darina (referee)
TITLE: Fostering of spatial imagination of students using three projections - different approaches in Czech and Danish Education SUMMARY: This master thesis is focused on description of different conception of teaching geometry in chosen czech and danish mathematics textbooks and on the possibilities of fostering the spatial imagination at elementary school. On example of one particular class from an elementary school in Prague, we will take an inside view of the advantages and disadvantages of using three projection in mathematics education and its influence on development of spatial imagination. In this class, a diagnostic interview was taken to determine the level of spatial imagination development and in order to find out, how these children can work with three projections. KEY WORDS: pupils of primary school age, spatial imagination, three projections, conceptions of geometry teaching
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Concepts from graph theory in primary school mathematics curriculum
Mutinová, Tatiana ; Kloboučková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Slezáková, Jana (referee)
Concepts from graph theory in primary school mathematic curriculum Ing. Tatiana Mutinová, 2014 Abstract This diploma thesis is focused on graph theory, especially on the concepts that are used in primary school mathematic curriculum. Furthermore it shows the reasons why it is necessary to include these graph concepts in young pupil's education. In the theoretical part, basic terms and definitions from chosen parts of graph theory are mentioned and few examples demonstrate how the applications of graph theory can help with solving real-life situations. The practical part summarized the current use of some graph theory concepts in primary school mathematic curriculum. This part also includes the demonstration of the graded series of problems and the sheets of exercises that could be usable in introducing and practising of some graph concepts. The experiment with mosaics, that was carried out within this diploma thesis, is an illustration how to connect mathematical and non-mathematical world and how to integrate research activities in young pupil's education. Key words: mathematics, graph theory, graph vertex, degree of graph vertex, edge of graph, problem of two colours, child of primary school
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Influence of divorce and post-divorce care on a young school age child in the school place
Voleská, Zuzana ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Kučírek, Jiří (referee)
TITLE: Influence of divorce and post-divorce care on a young school age child in the school place AUTHOR: Zuzana Voleská DEPARTMENT: Pedagogy department SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Jaroslava Hanušová, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The thesis is titled ,,Influence of divorce and post-divorce care on a young school age child in the school place". The work is divided into two parts - a theoretical one and a practical one. The theoretical part introduces a general topic of the thesis and it is written by using an appropriate literature. It deals with the basic concepts of this topic: family, child and divorce. The practical part contains a qualitative research in order to investigate the reaction of children to the parental divorce and the changes that may occur in the area of the behaviour and the emotional experience, and in the area of the school work and the school results. It works with a method of interview by using a questionnaire, and obtained information is analysed and then is interpreted. The aim of the research is to investigate what responses of young school age children to the divorce the teachers could notice in the school environment, and to formulate recommendations for primary school teachers how to behave towards a child who is experiencing the divorce of his parents. The conclusion of the thesis is devoted to the...
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Preparratory class: Step into a successful start in elementary school
Kasalová, Tereza ; Wildová, Radka (advisor) ; Kropáčková, Jana (referee)
The thesis "preparatory classes": on the theoretical end, a step into a successful start in elementary school aims on acquainting the reader with the preschool age of a child, providing information about school maturity and readiness of children for entry into primary school, and at last, familiarizing the reader with the reasons for suspension of school attendance as well as undestanding the significance of preparatory classes under the lead of elementary schools providing them. The objective of this research is to familiarize the reader with one particular preparatory class and that is the one under the conduct of The Elementary School U Říčanského lesa. This diploma thesis is trying to ascertain if this preparatory class is a step to a succesful take -off to elementary school, mapping the overall content of its childrens parents whose children attend this preparatory class. A capabalities test and interview were used to validate the thesis.
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Relationships among children of younger school age
Bieliková, Monika ; Viktorová, Ida (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
v anglickém jazyce This thesis focuses on relationships among school age children and particularly among a class of 3rd graders. The first section of the thesis examines characteristics of individual growing and evolving profiles of eight year old children. The second part of the thesis describes the attributes of a small social group, its social positioning, structures and social roles. The final section of the paper deals with the methods, diagnosis of social positions especially among friends and a description of the research itself. The goal of this thesis is to provide an analysis of the relationships, positions and social status of a particular group of children, including research results and final summary. Klíčová slova v anglickém jazyce Child of younger school age, friendship, role of pupil (schoolchild, schoolmate), social group, sociometry, school class, relationships among children
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Issues of postponement of school attendance in the town of Kladno
Fürstová, Jana ; Kropáčková, Jana (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The thesis is mapping the region of Kladno in period of 4 years and is pointing to an increase of school suspension in 2011by about six percent, compared to the average in previous three years. With help of used research methods, interviews and data analysis, we have confirmed and determined a hypothesis, that the most weakened components of children's personalities in Kladno are connected to social maturity, which pointed out self- sufficiency problems and problems with making contacts with peers. At the field of mental maturity we detected speech defects and inability to focus on classwork. Also we concluded that school suspension is more frequently granted to boys. This is pointed out in the theory of Langmeier, J., Krejčířová, D. 2006 and ÚIV. However, the month of birth, which also determines accession to the school, is important. At the end of our thesis, which contains general summary, we highlighted the uncertain areas and we suggested other possible topics, which needs to be further investigated.
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The Spiritual Dimension of the Landscape and its history as a means of education for children in the Out of School Care And Recreation (OSCAR)
RAMDANOVÁ, Jitka
The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the relation between the spiritual dimension of a landscape and spiritual growth of a child. It draws on psychological research of younger school children, concentrates on communication and group behavior of children. It further draws on discoveries of pedagogy of free time, especially in the environment of a school club. From the spiritual point of view, it tracks the overlap of humans and landscape; it examines their relationship and interaction, concentrates on specifics of value in connection with the transcendent and the projection of these specifics into a landscape that surrounds us. This projection helps us to understand not only the organization and appearance of this landscape in time but also the inner landscape of our soul. This thesis focuses on the landscape in the very heart of Premyslid Central Bohemia. The practical part of this thesis consists of two concepts for creative work in a school club. These two concepts aim to help to develop children spirituality, their enrichment through experience and creativity, help to develop social competences of children and prevent psycho-social problems through various activities reflected in a group of children working together. These activities include group visits of churches, chapels, crosses, commemorative crosses and stones, quells, wells and bells and ensuing search of values in our inner selves. The practical part of this thesis stresses the importance of creativity in children, looks for possible topics of its development within the framework of activities organized by a school club.
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