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Trust in Political Institutions in the Czech Republic
Čermák, Daniel ; Kostelecký, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee) ; Müller, Karel (referee)
The aim of the PhD dissertation is to research political trust, specifically to describe trends in political trust and to identify factors which are related to reported trust. Political trust is vertical trust oriented to selected political institutions which are grounded in the Constitution of the Czech Republic. Following political institutions are analyzed in this study: the Government of the Czech Republic, the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate, regional councils and municipal councils. Life-time learning model proposed by Mishler and Rose, which combines cultural and institutional approaches to explanation of trust in political institutions, is used as a theoretical framework in this study. All conducted analyses make use of data from surveys carried out by CVVM and other departments of the Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The key finding of the study is the fact that the level of trust in political institutions is mainly determined by factors associated with 1) institutional performance which is related to political situation and the perception of own economic situation or the economic situation of the state; 2) party preferences (presence of so called "the winner effect"). The level of trust in political institutions on national, regional, and local...
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Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989
Šulc, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The rigorous thesis Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989. The Spatial Dimension of the Results of Presidential Elections and Elections to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland explores the spatial distribution of patterns of electoral behavior in Poland on the basis of analysis of the results of all presidential elections and elections to the Sejm that took place in the country between the years 1990-2011. The main hypothesis tested in this rigorous thesis is that former boundaries between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austria (Austria-Hungary), between which the territory of modern-day Poland was divided in the 19th century, still have an impact on Poland's electoral geography. On the basis of this hypothesis political parties and presidential candidates are divided into two pre-defined categories: traditionalist and modernist. The validity of the hypothesis is then proven by visual analysis of political parties' and presidential candidates' electoral maps, and also by the application of Pearson's correlation coefficient on political parties' electoral results from constituencies and presidential candidates' electoral results from voivodships. In contemporary Poland a clear rift exists between the parts of the country formerly dominated by Prussia (Germany) and major Polish cities on the one hand (also...
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Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989
Šulc, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The master's thesis "Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989" explores the spatial distribution of patterns of electoral behavior in Poland on the basis of analysis of the results of all presidential elections and elections to the Sejm that took place in the country between the years 1990-2010. The main hypothesis tested by this master thesis is that former boundaries between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austria (Austria-Hungary), between which the territory of modern-day Poland was divided in the 19th century, still have an impact on Poland's electoral geography. On the basis of this hypothesis, political parties and presidential candidates are divided into two pre-defined categories: traditionalist and modernist The validity of the hypothesis is then proven by visual analysis of political parties' and presidential candidates' electoral maps, and also by the application of Pearson's correlation coefficient on political parties' electoral results from constituencies and presidential candidates' electoral results from voivodships. In contemporary Poland, a clear rift exists between the parts of the country formerly dominated by Prussia (Germany) and major Polish cities on the one hand (also known as "Poland A"), and Russia and Austria (Austria-Hungary) on the other hand (which is sometimes...
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Regional differences in purchasing power: price levels, wages and pensions
Janský, Petr ; Bajgar, M.
Price levels affect real incomes across countries and regions. We compare real incomes of workers\nand pensioners across 14 regions of the Czech Republic. We find that taking into account regional\ndifferences in price levels compresses the income differences between regions for private sector\nemployees, but increases them for pensioners and some groups of public-sector employees. This\nresult is strengthened when we employ microeconomic data to reflect the education, occupations,\nage and gender of workers. Private-sector wages in Prague are 43% higher than in the rest of the\ncountry, but one half of this difference can be explained by Prague’s higher price level and the\nother half by workers’ characteristics. When we take these two factors into account, public-sector\nwages and pensions are the lowest in Prague. We discuss the benefi ts and costs of the government reflecting the regional price levels in setting public-sector wages or pensions.\n\n
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Analysis of the use and implementation of existing infrastructure support rural tourism in the example of measures III.1.3 Rural Development Programme of the Czech Republic
Chadimová, Věra ; Pělucha, Martin (advisor) ; Kadeřábková, Jaroslava (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to identify and analyze the utilization and implementation of the existing infrastructure support for rural tourism in the Czech Republic on the example of Rural Development Program of the CR, actions III.1.3. The theoretical part deals with the definition of tourism infrastructure, tourism as one of the factors of regional development and the potential to promote tourism with a focus on its infrastructure. The practical part is focused on promoting tourism within the Rural Development Program of the CR. At the micro level there are assessed subsidies for the period 2007-2010. The source for analyzing is the data obtained from publicly available databases of the State Agricultural Intervention Fund and interviews with representatives of the regional offices of the intermediate body (SAIF). In this thesis descriptive, comparative and analytical methods are used. The character of the gained data is both primary and secondary. The main contribution of this work, based on the findings, is evaluation of the use of subsidies to support the tourism infrastructure within the Rural Development Programme of the CR - Encouragement of touristic activities during the 1st half of the current programming period.
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The Influence of International Organizations on the Position of Developing Countries in Global Economy
Pitkina, Anastasiya ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to find out how developing countries are involved into the global economy, what are the differences in engagement of different regions, and how international organizations (in particular IMF, WB, WTO and UNCTAD) influence the position of developing countries. The thesis also aims to evaluate conditions and possible developmental strategies, as well as causes of unsuccessful engagement. Further, the critical view on functioning of international organizations is brought. The thesis is divided into two parts; each of them consists of four chapters. The first part as a whole deals with the differentiation among developing countries and ways they are involved into the world economy. The second part shows the role of international institutions in the process of integration of developing countries.
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Institucionální důvěra v regionech České republiky
Stachová, Jana ; Čermák, Daniel ; Vobecká, Jana
The aim of this paper is to describe and explain regional differences in the level of trust in political institutions in the NUTS 2 regions in the Czech Republic. On the regional level the differences in the degree of political trust exists. However, these differences are caused rather by individual characteristics of respondents than by contextual regional factors. In addition, the differences between urban and rural regions were identified. The more urban region is the lower level of political trust was observed. Finally, the size of the municipality influences significantly the level of institutional trust, especially the trust in municipal boards. The smaller the municipality is the higher confidence in municipal board was observed.
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Regional Differentiation in Great Britain
Tollet, Ian ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor) ; Vondrušková, Barbora (referee)
The first chapter of the work describes the current state of the economy of Great Britain using selected economic and structural indicators. Part of this chapter is devoted to population trends. The second chapter summarises briefly the historical development of regional differentiation and shows contemporary regional differences; it also talks about the EU structural funds aid. The third chapter focuses on North West England, the economic and social problems of the region and the regeneration process there.
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