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The nurse's role in patient care elimination methods
Ondrůšková, Monika ; Marková, Eva (advisor) ; Landerová, Jana (referee) ; Maňasová, Taťána (referee)
The aim of thesis was to map the care of nurses and paramedics for patients on continuous renal replecemant therapy. Find out what nurses/paramedics have difficulty taking care of the patients and what would have welcomed into practice to improve care. The theoretical part focuses on the description of the method of elimination, nursing care and competence of health professionals in the care of patients on elimination method. The research was compiled by the method of quantitative research, for whose realization was used a questionnaire. The questionnaire was intended for nurses and paramedics caring for patients on continuous elimination method. For statistical data processing was used responses from 105 respondents working in the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. The results of the survey indicate that nurses and paramedic extensively involved in the specialized care of patient with continuous elimination method. Medical staff perceived as the most difficult managing a large number of skills associated with the preparation and handling of elimination device in this area. On the basis of these findings was prepared brochure focusing on continuous elimination method, which is the output of this work. Key words: nurse, continuous renal replecemat threrapy, hemodialysis, intensive...
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Treatment of Peripheral Venous Input
Černohorská, Jitka ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Ulrych, Ondřej (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the treatment of peripheral venous catheters. The theoretical part is devoted to basic terms such as nursing care, peripheral venous catheter and complications associated with it. A lot of attention in this thesis is focused on nursing care prior to, during and after the application of the catheter. Furthermore, the thesis introduces us to complications of catheter sepsis resulting from nosocomial infections. In the practical part the quantitative method was used in the form of anonymous questionnaires and hidden observations. The survey was conducted at the Military University Hospital Prague at different intensive care units. The obtained results show that 50,00 % of the respondents use non-woven fabric for re-bandaging the peripheral venous catheter and 50,00 % of the respondents use a foil. Furthermore, it was found that 88,10 % of the respondents use gloves by the application of peripheral venous catheter and 82,14 % by re-bandaging.
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The distribution of medicaments by the nursing sister in the social wealfare institutes
Havlínová, Petra ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Marková, Iva (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the distribution of medication in the social welfare health institution. The objectives of the thesis were to focus on procedures of distributing medication by nurses and to introduce the most frequent complications when distributing the medication in the social care institute. The thesis is composed of two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes social and health care services, a health and social care system, a general pharmacology, medicaments' distribution and the complications during the distribution, and the competency of nurses. The research part concentrates on individual study and describes a methodology of research and its organization. This research was done via survey, and the results are analyzed and discussed. Key words: social service, health service, healt-social care, distribution of medicaments, pharmacology, competence of nursis, complication
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Prevention of complication in the treatment of patient with established tracheostomy
Biačková, Michaela ; Nikodemová, Hana (advisor) ; Tomová, Šárka (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on the prevention of complications in the treatment of patients with established tracheostomy cannula. Tracheostomy is a standard, effi cient and indispensable procedure in securing the airways, but we think that changing physiological conditions in the airways and it is the nursing care that these conditions must be replaced. In the theoretical part I try to explain concepts related to the prevention of complications in the treatment of patients with established tracheostomy cannula. The practical part consists of an exploratory qualitative investigation. The sample consists of patients lying on the long-term intensive care unit. The aim is to map the individual respondents with a tracheostomy tube and to assess whether the right nursing care is suffi cient to prevention of complications.
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Prevention of complications in the treatment of patients after stroke
Balcarová, Veronika ; Hlaváčová, Marie (advisor) ; Tomová, Šárka (referee)
The thesis deals with prevention and appearance of complications with the patients after a stroke. These patients are endangered by many complications, connected not only with the disease itself but also with their health before hospitalization. For the purposes of my thesis, I chose a qualitative method. It is a specific method which uses given problem in details and gives a complex perspective of all examined criteria. I collected the data with the help of example studies which I examined further on and compared it. The results of my research show that the most frequent complications endanger the chosen patients. Further on I deal with interventions with which I intentionally prevented the complications. In the last part I evaluate the results of preventive arrangements about how the respondents percieved my treatment care.
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Venous port from the perspective of the medic and from the perspective of the client
PŘEDOTOVÁ, Jana
The theoretical part deals with a complex problematics of venous port systems, its history, indications.. The empirical part focuses on the knowledge of the nursing staff and their attitude towards their own skills in this area and also the majority of this part deals with client´s awareness and their experience. In order to elaborate this thesis a combination of quantity quality examination has been chosen. To realize a quantity research we selected a survey based technique and for the quality one we used a semi-structured conversation system with open questions. There was a survey assorted for a quantity research which was destined for the general nurses working at the surgical and intern departments within Southern Bohemia region. The quality research was conducted by 9 interviews with clients with the ports implanted. There were four goals being focused on in the thesis. The first one was to chart the nurses´ awareness regarding the port problematics. From the results came clear that the nurses don´t have the corresponding knowledge. The second focus was to find out the own attitude of the nurses towards their skills regarding the port care. The results proved that the nurses assess their skills mostly like insufficient. The third focus was trying to estimate the clients´ awareness about ports and their appreciation of nursing care. By means of these clients´ interviews we found out that they are well informed about the problematics and their care appreciation with ports is excellent. The fourth focus was searching for particular clients´ needs regarding their ports and their saturation by the nursing staff. From the clients´ responses were we able to find out that they don´t have. H1 The general nurses working at the surgical departments treat the clients with ports more often than those from the intern departments. It also shows that both nurses from surgical and internal departments meet the clients with ports equally. The first hypothesis has not been proved. H2 The general nurses working at the surgical departments have more knowledge about nursing clients with ports than those from the intern departments. The analysis has shown that nurses from intern departments have more knowledge than those from the surgical ones. The second hypothesis has not been proved. H3 The general nurses working at the surgical departments assess their skills regarding the care of client with implanted port better than those from intern departments. Nurses from both departments assess their skills mostly as insufficient. The third hypothesis has not been proved. H4 General nurses are interested in increasing their knowledge about the port problematics. The nurses proved interest about increasing their knowledge, e. g. by attending a special course. The fourth hypothesis has not been proved.Survey questionnaire: VO1 Do the clients have enough information about the ports? VO2 Does the port obstruct your daily activities? VO3 How is the port being estimated by the clients? VO4 What pros and cons have the ports from their point of view? VO5 How do the clients assess the nursing care? VO6 What particular needs do the clients with ports have? VO7 Are these needs saturated by the nursing staff? The survey research proved that the clients are satisfied with the ports. The care of ports is assessed perfectly by clients and it attests that the provided medical care is superior. Despite all those positive outcomes it´s essential that the nurses from oncology but also from other departments are being further educated in the port problematics as the results of quantity research points to a lack of knowledge of nurses and the number of clients with ports is increasing.The thesis can be used as an information source for nurses and management. We recommend regular education seminars and creation of nursing standards.
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Possibilities of physiotherapy in patients with complications after total hip endoprosthesis in
FEREBAUEROVÁ, Martina
There is an increase of number of the total hip joint prosthesis arthroplasties in last years and also the patient age limit is falling down. This leads (for prosthesis determined lifetime) also to the increasing of the number of re-surgeries because of aseptic release. This kind of surgery is for patient more strenuous than primary surgery and so brings higher risks of the possible complications. Complications are not rare even after the primary surgery of the total hip joint prosthesis arthroplasy. Most frequented complication is higher mentioned aseptic release, which results from the organism reaction to the abrasive PE particles, which fall off the worn joint. Next highly frequented complication is the infection in the total prosthesis area, where the cause could be local or global. The next feared complication is the luxation of the prosthesis after total hip arthtroplasty. This luxation is very soring and the nerve damages are possible. The nerve damage is potential also due the surgery. Next complications: thrombosis embolism, different length of the limbs, active scar tissues, lymphedema, heterotopic ossification, periprosthetic fractures, mechanical damage of the artificial hip components. According to the time of complication occurrence may be complications sorted as: pre-surgery, early, late. Target of this work is mapping of the physiotherapeutic procedures used at the patients with the complications after the total hip joint prosthesis arthroplasty. Next target is the processing of casuistries and physiotherapeutic plan forming by chosen complications. As research array were chosen three probands with different complications. The first proband is patient after re-implatation of total hip joint arthroplasty because of infection, second proband is diagnosed different limb length, third is patient with the active scar tissue. Therapy has been treated by every single proband individually and was fitted individually according to patients diagnosis. Due whole therapy was the unit for comprehensive physical training and physiotherapeutic procedures set to contemporary probands condition. This consists of theoretic part and practical part. Theoretic part deals with topics as hip joint anatomy, hip joint aloplastic and complications, which could because of aloplastic occurred, re-implantation of total prosthesis athroplatsty and in meant problematic used physiotherapeutic procedures. The qualitative research was chosen for the practical part of work. Results are worked out as casuistries using the methods of interview, spectating, secondary data analysis and kinesiological testing. The physiotherapeutic plan design is based to initial kinesiological test. Therapy was treated according to this plan. The output kinesiological test was worked out in the end of therapy and after results evaluation was designed long-term physiotherapeutic plan. The therapy was treated 4-5 weeks to every patient. The results say that by all patients came improvement of the movement extent in the operated hip joint, also to the pain reduce or pain elimination, increasing of the muscle power and the walking stereotype. However, some of the pathological movement stereotypes and muscle shorting still remain or were just partially reduced. Altogether, with the total hip joint prosthesis arthroplasty patients with different complications are connected strong muscular dysbalances and disrupted stereotypes of movement and walking. These changes are caused by antalgic position in the joint. Shortly, if the hip joint is long-term affected, then will be the affect evinced on the global deportment.
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Problems of nursing care in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
RYVOLA, Lukáš
Theoretical groundwork Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP from now on) is nowadays referred to as the golden standard in diagnostics and treatment of bile duct and pancreas diseases. At the same time it is regarded as the most reliable method of modern medicine in diagnostics of most common oncogenic diseases of pancreas. This examination combines endoscopic diagnostics with X-ray screening and it is unique thanks to the direct display of bile and pancreas ducts. Final picture is made by probing of Vater papillae filled by a contrastive liquid. Other merit consists of completing eventual therapy that follows the diagnostic ERCP. Disadvantages of this examination are complications that may arise already when probing or after a certain period of time. Therefore it is essential to consider each ERCP procedure carefully. Nursering ERCP at the endoscopy section as well as at the ward block of the gastrointestinal department bears its particularities. The priority at the endoscopic section is to employ manually and technically competent nurses skilled in ERCP so they can assist the gastrointestinalist properly. The nurses must be also able to establish contact with the patient to guide him through the examination, using professional skills. Exactly the nurses moderate possible concerns of the examined person. Communication at the ward block is crucial as well ? the nurses explain particularities of the treatment and instruct the patient in basic rules of hospitalisation. They also must be professionally skilled to care for patients after ERCP. Goals of the thesis The aim of this thesis is to monitor particularities of nursing ERCP at the endoscopic section of the gastrointestinal department and to learn how the general treatment of ERCP patients is carried out at the ward block.Qualitative methodology was used for the empirical part of the thesis. Data were collected by interviewing and hidden observations.Results The research survey indicated that ERCP examination nursing treatment bears its particularities that are well known and reflected by nurses at the endoscopy section. Patients confirm that the skills of nurses minimize their stress when undergoing the treatment. The survey indicated that an ERCP examination should be assisted by a nurse with not only technical and manual skills but also empathic and anticipating qualities in order to react appropriately without confusion. Nurses should be able to explain the treatment to the patient properly and to create a comfortable ambience. The survey also indicates that nurses actively seek for courses to keep their knowledge up to date. Particular complications are managed very well by the nurses, they are familiar with specific complications and are always prepared and able to provide the patients adequate nursing. Nursing at the ward block is also at high level in the field of knowledgeableness when informing patients or preparing arrangements and regimes. The patients themselves are satisfied with the overall care after the ERCP examination. The hidden observations show that the nursing after ERCP examination follows the literature properly. Pleasant surprise was that nurses at the ward block of the gastrointestinal department fully implement the five parts of nursing process ? from reviewing the health status of the patient in the beginning to their final evaluation, and that they concurrently create up-to-date nursing diagnoses.
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Nursing Procedures of Oxygen Administration to Newborns
STUDÍKOVÁ, Monika
Nursing Procedures of Oxygen Administration to Newborns The diploma thesis is to outline the current perspective of oxygen therapy of newborns who need highly specialized care as early as in the delivery room and subsequently in intensive and resuscitation care units of perinatologic centres. The research in the diploma thesis is focused on the assessment of the level of implementation of recommendations of the Czech Neonatology Society concerning oxygen administration on all levels of neonatal care. The theoretical part addresses the first treatment and evaluation of a newborn. Then the reasons leading to oxygen administration are discussed as well as the methods of oxygen application in the delivery room and intensive and resuscitation care units. Being at the forefront, oxygen is one of the most often administered medicines. Inadequate use of oxygen as a medicine increases the risk of complications for the newborn. The delivery and the first weeks after the birth rank among the crucial periods of every child. Adherence to the recommended procedures improves the outlooks of premature newborns for leading quality life. The objective of the thesis is to ascertain the level of implementation of recommendations of the Czech Neonatology Society concerning oxygen administration on all levels of neonatal care. The research was quantitative and used the questionnaire technique. The author created one kind of the questionnaire for the selected research set. The set consisted of nurses working in neonatal wards of selected hospitals. A total of 65 questions were created to ascertain the level of implementation of recommendations of the Czech Neonatology Society concerning oxygen administration on all levels of neonatal care. The research set consisted of 184 respondents. In order to attain the objective, the following hypotheses were raised: H1: Nurses know the current recommendations for oxygen administration to newborns. H2: Delivery rooms have sufficient technical equipment for oxygen administration to newborns. H3: Nurses are theoretically and practically trained for situations requiring oxygen administration to newborns. H4: Clearly formulated rules of oxygen therapy are available for nurses in a written form in a well visible place in the delivery room. Based on the statistically processed results, the first three hypotheses have been confirmed. The fourth hypothesis was disconfirmed. The objective of the thesis has been attained. The research results may be used for better understanding of the issue of oxygen administration to newborns in a hypoxic condition with regard to the findings of its toxicity. In order to secure adherence to the recommendations for oxygen administration to newborns, it is appropriate to create a nursing procedure and standard and secure its availability in every delivery room and station.
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Informedness about lifestyle of patients with diagnosis Diabetes mellitus
BEČKOVÁ, Věra
This thesis aims to depict the contemporary situation in diabetes patients{\crq} awareness of healthy life style and to determine whether the information on healthy life style is reasonably accessible and comprehensible to patients or not and whether they abide by the rules. I set four assumptions for this thesis: 1. The diabetes mellitus patients feel that the information on healthy life style within the frame of their illness is sufficient and accessible. 2. One third of the informants feels that the information on healthy life style in terms of their disease is not accessible. 3. One third of the informants has difficulties with apprehension of the information on healthy life style in terms of their illness. 4. More than half of the informants abides by the information on healthy life style in terms of their illness. The selected group of informants consisted of diabetes mellitus patients. The data were extracted from anonymous questionnaire intended for the patients of two diabetology clinics in Znojmo regardless their age, sex or diabetes type. 150 questionnaires were distributed. The finite number of questionnaires used for data compilation after elimination of erroneously or incompletely filled items was 118. The results of the research revealed that most of the patients feel sufficiently informed and that the information on healthy life style is reasonably accessible. Nevertheless only 22,9% of informants abide by the information on healthy style, the rest of the informants is not able to manage all the rules they should be conformant with or cannot change their life styles in accordance with the advices of professionals. I would like to emphasize the importance of information on healthy life style in the frame of diabetes mellitus that can help the patients to prevent the unfavourable complications of this disease and therefore improve the quality of their lives. Nevertheless also the patient must feel the consciousness and need to abide the rules of healthy life style. That is why I consider the distributing information on healthy life style of diabetics very important and hope that my thesis will also serve this purpose.
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