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Analysis of the age structure in the women's middle a long distance tracks from 1945 to the present in the Czech Republic
MALÝ, Filip
This bachelor's thesis deals with the study of the age structure of female runners of middle and long distance tracks in the Czech Republic from the year 1945 up to 2017. This work is based on content analysis, the evaluation of acquired data, along with the usage of historical methods. The aim of this thesis was to ascertain how did the age of female runners of middle and long distances develop during the course of the studied time period. The analytic part consists of the research and description of the characteristics of middle and long distance runs, as well as their history and the development of running schools. Furthermore, it contains the examination of biological age, diversity in sports load in women, basic movement abilities, preparation and training at different ages, including the presentation of the lives and greatest accomplishments of the most significant Czech female runners. The synthetic part displays graphs and charts that were obtained from the analysis of data in yearbooks regarding athletics. The graphs illustrate the development of the age curve in the selected disciplines in regard to the set of female runners of middle and long distance tracks. They not only indicate that the the age curve reached a higher merit for longer tracks than shorter distances, but also particularly show the type of disciplines in which the age curve was the most consistent or contrariwise, the most erratic. These graphs show us the approximate age of peak performance in individual disciplines, especially in those where the age curve was the most steady. Age of peak performance of female runners in individual disciplines is also calculated in the tables. Lastly, it is also possible to conclude that in some of the disciplines, the age limit at which the best results had been achieved from the times following the war up until the present rarely differs at all.
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The best Czechoslovak and Czech middle-distance and long-distance runners and their achievements from the end of the Second World War to the present. AUTOR:
Zenkl, Adam ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Pádivý, Martin (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to map the biggest achievements of Czech middle-distance and long- distance runners in the period from the end of the Second World War to the present days. Through the study of at that time current materials, interviews with former and current athletes the most interesting facts from their athletic training will be pointed out. The thesis will also further elaborate the origin and the development of athletics in the Czech Republic. Athletics belongs to one of the basic sports. Unfortunately, nowadays it is losing its popularity compared to some other sports. The thesis will point out that athletics used to have and still has great things to offer. Last but not least, I would like to map the history of middle and long distances and also focus on the development of training methods on these distances. KEYWORDS: Running, middle-distance running, long-distance running, history, runners, athletics
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Preparatory exercises for a rehearsal of a proper technique of hurdles for children of older school age
Petřík, Pavel ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Kašpar, Ladislav (referee)
(anglicky) The presented bachelor thesis is focused on one of the factors of sports performance, mainly on the training of the correct technique of hurdles in the period of older school age. Nowadays, correct execution technique is very often ignored in training and, on the contrary, great importance is given to training volume and intensity. The aim of this thesis is to provide a manual for beginning and more advanced coaches that contains a stack of several preparatory exercises to improve hurdling technique. In the theoretical part, the reader is introduced to information related to athletic disciplines, and hurdles are discussed more in detail. Due to the orientation of the thesis, there are described the age peculiarities of mainly older school-age children. Furthermore, the theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the elements necessary to improve performance in hurdles. In the practical part, individual exercises to improve the technique of obstacle runs are described in detail and there are given the photographs of correct execution for each exercise. In addition, the reader learns the most common errors in the execution of the presented exercises and how eliminate these mistakes. The exercises are divided according to purpose into swing leg work and bounce leg work. Then the continuity...
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An analysis of a basketball player's movement during the game
Shaya, Jimmy ; Hojka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Velenský, Michael (referee)
6 Abstract Title: An analysis of a basketball player's movement during the game Objectives: The aim of this work is to demonstrate that observation groups in the basketball game use a different number of movements and should therefore train separately. Methods: The basis of this empirical study is a quantitative research that uses the method of analysis and comparison. To obtain the data, I have analysed the most frequent movements carried out by players in the game. We have collected the number of movements per each second for each group. Observed group are: point guard, shooting guard and centers. Movements were described theoretically, biomechanically, technically, or by using rules. After that I have used the comparison to determine the differences, which were implemented into charts and qualified in detail. Results: A graphical representation of the number of movements confirmed the goal of our work. The biggest differences were found in specific movements, such as screens, acceleration, dribbling and crossover dribble. It turned out that the primary movements, such as standing or walking occupy over 50% of the match for each group. Neither group achieved the same result in any category. It is therefore necessary to take into account these facts and plan training preparation in order to reflects the...
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The influence of running shoes on leg and pelvis kinematics during the stance phase of run
Novák, Čestmír ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Kaplan, Aleš (referee)
Title: The influence of running shoes on leg and pelvis kinematics during the stance phase of run Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to detect whether there exists a connection between the type of shoes used and changes in pelvis and legs kinematics in sagittal plane while running. Methology: For a purpose of the thesis research 12 active sportsmen (6 men and 6 women) participated in lab tests. Each of them was running on a tread mill for three time sequences - each counting 20 seconds - with changes in conditions applied as follows: barefoot run, minimalistic shod run, classic shod run. The 3D analysis was analysed using the Qualisys system (200 Hz). Data analytics was executed using the Qualisys Track Manager programme, where a comparative method was applied. Further statistical procedures ANOVA a Tukey test were performed in a programme called OriginPro 8. Key findings: The executed lab tests proved influence of running shoes on legs and pelvis kinematics during a stance phase of run. The main changes in kinematics were found in an ancle during touchdown, where the angle significantly increased while running barefoot rather than classic shod running. An analysis of pelvis kinematics parameters has proven that there are no changes in pelvis movements while running in different types...
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Preparing for the longest triathlon - Ironman
Mika, Tomáš ; Chrzanowská, Babeta (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee)
Triathlon is still a popular sport that is gaining more and morepopular. We distinguish two basic directions. Short, or if the Olympictriathlon and long, or if Ironman. In my work I examine the long triathlon. Its history, training cycle and its specifics. I myself an active rider, so this issue is very close to me. I work divided into a theoretical part, where I deal with theories and general laws of triathlon. Such as history, specifics of Ironman training and unit training cycle disciplines of triathlon course and other sub-themes, which veryclosely related to the topic. In the empirical part, I chose the method ofexperiment and research he firsthand, I attended a long distance triathlon race in the annualtraining cycle. Acquired knowledge, I capitalized on in the race and described in this thesis. This work may serve as a kind of guidance and example, and the direction of training, which can be applied when attempting to handle the challenge on behalf ofIronman. I deal with are also problems of nutrition during the race, which is out of a totaltrénovanosti organism one of the most important factors affecting performance. The workcontains several training and racing tips that I gained studying foreign literature and own racing experience.
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The characteristics of the triathlete participating in the series Championship of the Czech Republic in triatlonu and Czech Cup Age groups in the triathlon
Kubáčová, Jana ; Kovářová, Lenka (advisor) ; Horčic, Josef (referee)
Title: The characteristics of the triathlete participating in series Championship of the Czech Republic in triathlon and Czech Cup Age groups in the triathlon Objectives: The aim of this work is to characterize a triathlete participating two highest competitions in the Czech Republic in triathlon on the basis of chosen determinants of sport performance. Methods: In our thesis we used a made survey on the basis of former literature analysis. For data processing regarding answers on the survey it was used a statistical program SPSS PASW Statistics 18. The thesis was process by relevant tasks, i.e. relevant literature research, survey making on the basis of found areas in the theoretical part, distributing of the survey, data processing of the received answers and final processing of the received data. Research file was created by triathletes participating in series Championship of the Czech Republic in triathlon and Czech Cup Age groups in the triathlon which are stated in global results of these two competitions. Results: The results of the thesis confirmed conclusions of theoretical part whereas on chosen determinants outside factors of sport performance which were used for data gaining. Keywords: questionnaire, running, cycling, sports performance factors, swimming
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The effect of running a load on postural stability
Kellner, Petr ; Vágner, Michal (advisor) ; Majerčík, Petr (referee)
1 Abstract Title: The effect of running with a load on postural stability. Objectives: The establishment of changes in postural stability after a 3 km maximum effort run with a 15 kg load. Research sample: The tested subject group was constitued by seven soldiers of the Army of The Czech Republic at the average age of 25,6 ± 2,1 years who are students of the Military specialization at the Faculty of sport and physical education of The Charles University. Methods: This master's thesis was drawn up as a observational study of theoretic empiric character, realised through intraindividual comparative analysis on a group of 7 subjects. Postural stability was examined with RS Footscan forceplate and clinical balance test U.S. Military Academy Stance Test. The run was realised on a treadmill, without and with a load. For statistical analysis nonparametric statistic tests of significance were used. Results: The results of relations between postural control changes and 3km run with a load of 15 kg display a deterioration of postural stability tested after the run. The extend of deterioration of postural stability after 3-km run with a load within tested group is similar to one after 3-km run of analogous intensity. Key words: run, load, postural stability, balance
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Evaluation of running by children young school age
Skoumal, Jaroslav ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Segeťová, Jarmila (referee)
Title: Evaluation of running by children young school age Objectives: The thesis aims to determine the level of running locomotion and the educational evaluation of techniques of running by children young school age on the basis of predetermined certain criteria. The results of the thesis were compared with the study of Pojezdalová (1995). Methods: Considering the thesis character I used the standard educational methods of evaluations to affect the individual differences in technique of running deliberately chosen files that consisted of children of third and fourth grade elementary school. I took a video of the running of selected group of children on a quick stretch by digital camera. I was processing a qualitative analysis of the technique of running on the computer by Dartfish software, whereas I used a digitizing of movement, which this program enables. I diagnosed the individual differences in the implementation of chosen skills and by description I pointed out the greatest and the most frequent faults in the technique of running in the monitored children young school age. I wrote the results of evaluation to the pre-created categories and I described the frequency of the individual monitored effects in the result part by basic statistical process. Results: The most frequent fault in the...
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