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Environmental impact assessment (EIA, SEA)
Vinklerová, Nela ; Humlíčková, Petra (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
This thesis aims to provide an analysis of the environmental impact assessment procedures in the Czech republic, including its international and european context, with focus on the topic of public participation in these procedures. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter provides a definition of environmental impact assessment and enumerates its fundamental principles. The second chapter deals with international, european and historical roots of EIA and SEA procedures. The next chapter describes the course of EIA procedure in the Czech republic. The fourth chapter describes the SEA procedure. The last, fifth chapter deals with the topic of public participation in environmental impact assessment. Finally, the thesis comprises a summary of contained conclusions.
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Environmental impact assessment (EIA, SEA)
Vavřínka, David ; Sobotka, Michal (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with environmental impact assessment, and is mainly focused on so-called SEA procedure. The objective of this thesis is to analyse how the Czech law reflects the requirements prescribed by international and European law. The first paragraph provides the definition of the whole concept of environmental impact assessment procedure and enumerates legal principals having a substantial influence on the formation and application of legislation. In the second paragraph, the thesis looks back to the historical roots of procedure and it also describes EIA procedure in details. Furthermore, in this paragraph the main international and European legislation are being analysed. The requirements, which are essential for the Czech legislation, are also being identified. The third paragraph probes the general form of SEA procedure in the Czech legislation and the conformity of the Czech legislation contained in the Environmental Impact Assessment Act making provisions for the requirements of international and European law is examined as well. In the last paragraph, the special form of SEA procedure within the Building Act is being described. Strategic Environmental Assessment is carried out as a part of spatial and land use planning.
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Land-use planning as a tool for environmental protection
Frýdl, Jan ; Sobotka, Michal (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
Very important tool of environmental protection is land-use planning which is subject of this work and which deals with town and country planning. Town and country planning ensures the preconditions for sustainable development of the area by means of continuous and complex solution of useful utilization and spatial arrangement of the area with the aim of achieving the harmony of public and private priorities in relation to the development of the area.In my work I dedicate space to conceptual tools of land-use planning such as planning analytical materials, planning studies, spatial development policy, planning documentation. Of course I analyze also functioning of public administration in country and town planning in my work. It is important for understanding of a theme to determine its foundations that is based on.No less important tool as a part of my work that serve for environmental protection is Environmental Impact Assessment. In the Czech law system, this domain is regulated by the Act 100/2001 Coll., About Environmental Impact Assessement and About the Modification of Some Acts, as subsequetly ammended, and the laws difference between the intention of construction, activity and technology (EIA) and concept, strategy, policy, plan and programs set or allocated by a public administration authority...
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Land-use planning as an instrument of environmental protection
Nejedlá, Hana ; Humlíčková, Petra (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
This thesis deals with the land-use planning as an instrument of environmental protection. The main part of the thesis is focused on public participation in the process of land-use planning and analyses its efectivity. The thesis describes general tasks and terms of land-use planning, define theirs targets and solutions at the beginning. It defines the legal arrangement of the topic including actual amendment of Building Act, which was accepted since 1. 1. 2013. Further it describes the instruments of environmental protection and it is focused on general forms of the arrangement, in which the most of land-use planning instruments are issued. Then come after characteristic of the position of the authorities and instruments, which they have to behave in public interest and which are connected with processing and implementation. The special focus is given to attend of public in land-use planning. At first the single institutions, which enable conection of public resort to the land- use planning, are described. First of all objections and protests, public debate of documents and public representatives. After that the possibility of public attendence under proceses of making single land-use planning instruments is overwieved. Lastly the thesis devotes the impact on the environmental protection opinions...
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Citizen journalism - an alternative form of civic participation in creation of on-line media content
Ročková, Daniela ; Vochocová, Lenka (advisor) ; Baslarová, Iva (referee)
The key approach of this thesis is to define closer discourse and importance of civic engagement in the media from the point of view of journalistic practice. This study examines trends of citizen journalism and community media that support active citizen participation and contribute to diversity of media content. The vision of traditional journalism disruption and enforcement of news agenda focusing on public interest became the key message of alternative media. The first two chapters concentrate on the origins of public interest involvement in the history of media discourse. They also highlight the alternative journalism characteristics, its current typology and the role of citizens supporting the concept of media democratization. They also specify the character of transformation of on-line professional journalism and its relationship to user-generated content in journalistic practices. Further four chapters determine specific demonstrations of citizen engagement in public media space and its concepts - public journalism, citizen journalism and community media. These chapters refer to characteristic of these phenonenons, they evaluate their contribution to the public life, concrete performance and practical applications abroad and in the Czech Republic. They also mention the key critical...
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Community Planning as the Way of the Public Participation in the Development of Selected Municipalities in the Region of South Bohemia
TRNKOVÁ, Gabriela
The diploma thesis is focused on the public participation in the municipality development through the community planning methods. The main goal is the evaluation of processes of public participation in the municipal planning documents preparation for some selected municipalities in the region of South Bohemia. These documents have been created on the principles of community planning. Among the documents belong strategic town plans, community plans for health and quality of life, and community plans of social services. The theoretical part is primarily focused on the issue of local development, community planning including its principles, historical links and legal foundations. Last but not least, there is a public participation process described in the theoretical part as well. At the end of the theoretical part, there is a theory of evaluation of the successful public participation in the planning process. The empirical part relates to the mentioned theory of the evaluation of the public participation methods. The empirical part contains the analysis of the public engagement in creating documents in three particular towns: Třeboň, Dačice and Český Krumlov. The analysis aims to the approach of mentioned towns in the case of public participation, measuring related costs, assessing the success of the process according to the assigned evaluation criteria and eventually on the mistakes identification. On the basis of this analysis there are the key, determining the successful community planning implementation, defined. According to the analysis new procedures are suggested.
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The Right to Information and the Public Participation in the Environmental Matters
Vopařilová, Magdaléna ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee) ; Smolek, Martin (referee)
Presented dissertation is devoted to the participation of lay element in the environmental matters within the public administration. In these matters it is necessary to find the compromises that should reflect the private plans (of investors and the owners), exercising of the public participation and the public interests too. The cooperation among the administrative authorities, public subjects and private subjects shall be constructive, based on a real legal ground. The target of this thesis is to make an overview of the ways that Czech legal system (based on the international and European law) gives to the public in order to participate on the public administrative in the environmental matters. The important finding of the thesis is evaluation of efficiency of partial tools and also of risks connected with their application. The main terms, motives, preconditions and the importance of public participation in the environmental matters are defined in the introduction. Apart from that the main principles of the public participation are defined. The most important document for public participation, the Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention), is analyzed in this dissertation. Even though the...
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Environmental impact assessment
Zelenka, Andrej ; Sobotka, Michal (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to analyze the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), which is one of the most important horizontal tools for environmental protection. The EIA process can be described as the procedure of identification and assessment of potential significant effects of a project on the environment. The information and outputs provided by the assessment process are considered by decision makers before a decision is made. The EIA process was first mentioned in the US in the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 1969. Then the EIA process was adopted in other economically developed countries. The beginning of this thesis is focused on two significant multilateral environmental agreements - The Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (the Espoo Convention) and The Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (the Aarhus Convention). Then the EU legislation related to the EIA process is described (especially Council Directive 85/337/EEC - the EIA Directive). The following part analyzes the Czech legal regulation of the EIA process that is included in Act No. 100/2001 Coll. Attention is turned to historical development, particular phases of the EIA process, the transboundary...
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Genetically modified organisms and the legal regulation of their disposal
Fornůsková, Michaela ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THEIR USE ENGLISH RESUME This thesis aims to give a complete insight into the framework and problem questions arising in connection with legal regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The use of genetic modifications as one of modern techniques of biotechnology has spread widely during last fifty years. This technology has brought many advances. On the other hand as any new technology it represents potential adverse effects on biological diversity and possible risks to human health. At the beginning there is a brief introduction into GMOs from historical and technical point of view. Then I dealt with biosafety measures adopted at global, regional and national levels. The main principles of environmental law take part afterwards. I am focusing mainly on prevention and precautionary principle. International law relating to the GMOs consists of soft law documents. There is only one exception - Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety focusing on transboundary movement. The Law of EU comprises of Regulations, Directives and Recommendations. Notifications, approvals, risk assessment and monitoring are consequential. The Czech law has been harmonized according to the law of the European Communities. Act no. 78/2004 Coll., on the use of GMOs and genetic...
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Environmental impact assessment of projects
Černá, Karolína ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
The topic of this thesis is Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). This is a very significant cross-sectional and preventive environmental protection tool. Its purpose is to identify as soon as possible any probable averse environmental impacts of presented project proposals. The whole process is led by a competent state offices. Necessary expert participants of the procedure are so-called "authorized persons" supplying specific technical studies on which the impact assessment is made. Another important factor, public participation, helps to improve efficiency of the EIA process. The whole procedure results in so-called Statement, which should define necessary conditions for the implementation of the project in effort to minimize negative impacts. If the project proposal is unacceptable under any circumstances it can not be given a consent to implement it and the statement must reject it. Conclusions formulated in the Statement serve as a basis for administrative decisions on project approval. Given the considerable breadth of the thesis topic it is focused on several key tasks, namely to provide a comprehensive explanation of the legal development of the EIA process, to analyze its current legislation and mapping legal rules of public participation in the EIA process. The following section...
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