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Political trials in Czechoslovakia - The Case "Zpěvačka"
Doležalová, Ivana ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Lánský, Ondřej (referee)
This Master's thesis will look at the Political trials in Czechoslovakia - The case of "Zpěvačka", it will focus on one of the many politically motivated processes that took place in Czechoslovakia during the communist regime, i.e. 1948-1989. The focus of this paper is to analyse the key archival sources, which is now an investigation by the State Security in the case of "Zpěvačka", now stored in the Archive of Security Forces. The trial of the anti-state oriented group of people around Radana Melicharová who were accused of collaborating with foreign intelligence services took place in the spring of 1957. This shows that even the so-called foundation period of the communist regime, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia continued to implement political processes to control the opposition. This thesis brings the main characters of the process Radana Melicharová et al., describes their illegal activities and analyses the motives of each participants on illegal activities. And also discusses about the main trial itself at the Regional Court in Prague, subsequent appeal trials and the efforts to rehabilitate convicts. Contribution of the work lies in the fact that it complements many previously published scientific studies on the topic of the political process and less known and studied process with a...
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Alfréd Radok and His Stage Practices. Analysis of the Production of Devil's Circle
Petružela, Jan ; Christov, Petr (advisor) ; Stehlíková, Eva (referee) ; Šormová, Eva (referee)
2 Mgr. Jan Petružela Alfréd Radok and His Stage Practices Analysis of the Production of Devil's Circle Abstract Alfréd Radok (1914- 1976) started his second term at the National Theatre (1954-1960) with two moderate productions, in which he, due to the Stalinist régime, suppressed his creative power. However, the following season Radok came with the production of Devil's Circle (1953), schematic play by Hedda Zinner about the Leipzig trial (1933), in which he found his essential topic - to grasp the Zeitgeist and manifest a universal mechanism of totalitarian power and trumped-up political trials. In this production, staged in the period of mild political "thaw", Radok managed to bring back to the Czech theatre modern stage directing practices and re-established the position of stage director, which was reduced in the previous years by the dogmatic aesthetics of socialistic realism. The production of Devil's Circle (prem. December 21, 1955) at the Estates (then Tyl's) Theatre, warmly received by audience as well as critics, renewed and developed for that time unprecedented, though historically verified principles: imaginative, non-descriptive theatre with a meaningful overlap, strict approach to acting with an emphasis on realistic, civil-like expression, interpretation of dramatic sitution, intense work...
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Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948
Sládková, Daniela ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Fojtek, Vít (referee)
The bachelor paper "Political persecution of soldiers since February 1948" describes persecution of soldiers in the above mentioned era in connection with class-struggle, searching for the state enemy and building so called "Great Army". The thesis describes main means of persecution, their executors and tools and also tries to find out whether the fates of individual soldiers were similar and how they fit in the typology of persecuted groups. The thesis also introduces stories of two soldiers who became victims of this political despotism.
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Collectivization in the village Nemetice in 1950-1960
Jirsa, Tomáš ; Stehlík, Michal (advisor) ; Junek, Marek (referee)
(in English): The basis of the text is focusing on the explanation of the topic of the collectivization of Czech country on the example of the South Bohemian village Nemetice between years 1950- 1960, with the use of micro-historical probe to the life of the village. The introduction of the work is dealing with the presentation of the context of the region of Ceske Budejovice and the district of Strakonice, and characteristic of the village in the time before the beginning of the collectivization, from the political, religional and socio-economic point of view. Emphasis is put on the specifics which distinguished Nemetice from common village of the similar size. The main part of the text is focused on the events of statewide scale in the connection with the events in the village, the legal framework of the prepared collectivization, and the description of founding and running the collective farming (JZD) in the village. The aim of this part is to describe the methods which were supposed to suppress the resistance against the collectivization and force the farmers to joining the Common Agricultural Cooperative. The author puts great emphasis on the description of the last phase of collectivization in the village, happening from 1956 to 1959, in which the final establishment of the Common...
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Rehabilitation of political prisoners in Czechoslovakia. The acts on judicial rehabilitation of years 1968 and 1990.
Fuková, Hana ; Cuhra, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
During the time when the Communist Party was the leading political party in the Czechoslovakia, many illicitness had happened, one of them were political trials. People convicted in these trials were innocent and accused of crimes just because the regime wanted to get rid of them as they were in some way "dangerous" for the communist regime. The subject of this bachelor paper is to compare two acts on judicial rehabilitation that should have rehabilitated those people, who were unfairly convicted in the political trials. The first law was issued in the year of 1968, the second thirty-two years later, in 1990. The acts were issued in different political situation. However, there are some similarities between them, as well as evident differences.
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Gustáv Husák in a Cause of the Slovak Bourgeois Nationalism
Macháček, Michal ; Rychlík, Jan (advisor) ; Doskočil, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis deals with the Czechoslovak communist politician Gustáv Husák in connection with the cause of the Slovak bourgeois nationalism. It is structured chronologically, sometimes interspersed with thematic areas. It draws from a wide variety of sources. The prevailing approach is positivistic and analytical. The aim is to explain the emergence of the cause of the Slovak bourgeois nationalism and the way in which Husák was incorporated into it. The work points to a pivotal link with the international context and reveals poor relations between leading Party officials. Furthermore, the thesis raises issues of Husák's political fall, fabricated charges, imprisonment and subsequently the complexity of the rehabilitation process, at the end of which Husák's Communist Party membership was restored and a further political career remained a possibility. Additionally, the text tries to consider to a large extent the social relations between different participants and understand their motives of behavior. All of this is also put into perspective with respect to Czech-Slovak relations, which were significantly influenced by the aforementioned cause. The intention of the work deliberately exceeds the biographical theme.
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Religious Sects in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s
Hemza, Tomáš ; Rákosník, Jakub (advisor) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
The thesis deals with religious sects in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. Firstly, it describes new religious movements, which occurred in Czechoslovakia in the first half of the 20th century, especially Jehovah's Witnesses, Adventism, Mormonism and the others. The key theme of this thesis is the phenomenon of religious sects. It explores a procedure of the government, Communist party of Czechoslovakia and State Security. The thesis deals also with the conscientious objection in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. In conclusion the thesis tries to describe the image of religious sects in newspapers. It draws from various primary sources (National Archives of the Czech Republic, Security Services Archive, Military History Archive) and from various historiographical and sociological literature.
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Augustin Machalka
CVRČEK, Jiří
This thesis is a biography of abbot in Nová Říše Augustin Antonín Machalka, who lived from 1906 to 1996. In 1945 he was elected as abbot of monastery in Nová Říše and resigned in 1992. This thesis is a description of his lifetime from birth to death.
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Life of J. P. Ondok
VESELÁ, Ludmila
Thesis captures the life of doc. RNDR. J. P. Ondok, Th.D. since his childhood, troughout his studies, being in prison, working at the Botanical Institute and at the University of South Bohemia until the day of his death. It shows his wide activity in the world of science, in the spiritual world and in the purely human world.
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