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Gender equality as one of the sustainable development goals
Povýšilová, Emília ; Dvořák, Antonín (advisor) ; Fleissner, Kamil (referee)
The aim of this Bachelors Thesis is to introduce the issue of gender equality in the context of the multicultural world of the 21st century and find out if it has already been achieved. Gender Equality is one of the Sustainable Development Goals and hence a part of The 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development. This Agenda is trying to ensure a good life for the future generations. The theoretical part describes the main factors that have an influence on the position of genders in the society. The main factors include historical development (natural work division and stereotypes), geopolitical conditions and religion (cultural traditions). Next, the problem is looked at from the perspective of two developed countries, to be specific, the Czech Republic and the United Kingdom, describing their labour markets using the glass-ceiling index. The practical part compares the collected theoretical data with the data collected in my questionnaire held in the Czech Republic and the Great Britain.
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Determinants of wages
Kroupa, Jan ; Šolc, Jan (advisor) ; Vančura, Matěj (referee)
The thesis shows how human capital is an important part of wage and how other characteristics (individual or corporate) affect wage level. First of all, the theory of human capital and investments in specific or general training are described and it is shown how these investments affect the income distribution during life. The main part of human capital is education so the thesis presents some methods how to measure the return on investment in education (full method or Mincerian equation). Gender pay gap is still an issue. Part of the difference in earnings between men and women can be explained by different characteristics but the other part originates in discrimination or sectoral segregation. The thesis provides decomposition of gender pay gap into three components with different cause of origin - the effect of equipment, effect of discrimination and effect of choice. After theoretical part, there is an analysis of data from the Czech Statistical Office containing values of average wages, median wages and gender pay gap. These values are analyzed in accordance to factors mentioned in theoretical part along with the question, if these factors affect wages according to assumptions. The thesis practically confirm the theory that wage rises proportionally to age, to higher education and that the...
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Comparison of women's rights in the USA and the Czech Republic
Švecová, Lucie ; Hubinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kašparová, Eva (referee)
The Master's Thesis deals with women's rights in the Czech Republic and in the United States of America. The aim of the study is to compare women's rights and opportunities in education, labour market and family life. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the role of women in society in terms of education, voting rights and employment on labour market. Special attention is focused on family law, mainly on benefits for mothers in different life situations. The practical part of the thesis consists of two parts, a primary empirical research in the form of individual personal interviews and an interpretation of secondary statistical data. In the end of the thesis there is a comparison of both countries based on the theoretical information and the results of the empirical research.
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The status of women on the labour market in Czech Republic
Skopalíková, Anna ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The bachelor thesis addresses discrimination of women on the labour market in Czech Republic. Its aim is to verify hypothesises about the existence of lower mean wages of women and about the existence of discrimination of women on the labour market in Czech Republic. Oaxaca wage differential decomposition which is introduced in the theoretical part of the thesis confirmed the existence of wage differentials between the wages of men and women on the Czech labour market, in selected regions and in selected occupational fields. This confirms the hypothesis about lower mean wages of women. Oaxaca wage differentials decomposition also confirms that the wage gap can be explained in most cases up to 18 %. The second hypothesis is confirmed only partially. The discrimination of women probably exists on the labour market but it is not possible to confirm the size of it. The unexplained component of the wage gap (based on the Oaxaca decomposition) includes besides other things the discrimination coefficient. The size of this coefficient is not possible to determine. The secondary aim of the bachelor thesis is to determine the impact of individual variables on the observed wage gaps. Factors which most often influence the wage gaps are education and age.
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Mzdové nerovnosti mužů a žen v České republice
Strnad, Radek
The aim of the thesis is to identify factors affecting the formation of inequalities between men and women in labor market of the Czech Republic and to suggest possible solution to these inequalities. Theoretical part of the thesis describes definition of basic terms and it describe models of discrimination in the labor market. In the practical part of the thesis is analyzed effect non-discriminatory factors to the indicator wage inequality Gender Pay Gap in Czech ecomomy, but also at the level of individual professional categories of CZ-ISCO. In the final part are proposed and discussed possible solutions of gender inequalities in the Czech Republic.
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