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Benzene in petroleum-derived products and health protection
Bílková, Karolina ; Kořínek, Pavel (referee) ; Stránský,, Vladimír (advisor)
Benzene is very toxic compound, which has carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. Result of these effects is significant reduction of its use and also low hygienic limits in occupational environment and environment. The aim of this diploma thesis was to map out possible exposure to benzene and checking of clasification correctness of motor gasoline and benzine (cleaners, thinners etc.). Determination of benzene was carried out by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detector (GC/FID) and high performance liquid chromatography with diod array detector (HPLC/DAD). Marginally, the diploma thesis was focused on determination of toluene (in june 2007 became effective ordinance no.284/2006 Sb., which forbid to sell products that contain more than 0,1 % of toluene to small consumers). Toluene was determined by same methods as benzene.
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Preparation and purification of plasmid DNAs
Němeček, Milan ; Španová, Alena (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
With the development of therapeutic methods in medicine, like are DNA vaccines and gene therapy increases demand for new processes for the isolation and purification highly pure plasmid DNA. Most often used methods of purification plasmid DNA are chromatographic methods. In experimental part of this thesis was performed isolation of plasmid pUC-19 DNA plasmid via alkalyne lysis. And purification of plasmid was performed by liquid chromatography and agarose gel electrophoresis.
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Use of LC/MS technique to analysis of some physiologically active natural compounds
Trčková, Marie ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Kočí, Radka (advisor)
Presented work is focused on application of combined instrumental method RP-HPLC/ESI-MS in analysis of several groups of natural compounds with positive physiological activities. Especially some antioxidants were studied in commonly and abundantly consumed food. Moreover some other substances than standard compounds were observed in complex dies. In conclusion the HPLC/ESI-MS method is comparatively advantageous in phenolic analysis, while another type of ionisation would be used in case of carotenoid compound.
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Importance and impact of phthalates during peritoneal dialysis and current possibilities of their replacement
Nohelová, Gabriela ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the importance and influence of phthalates in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the current possibilities of their replacement. The information about phthalates – esters of phthalic acid - was completed with focus on the most commonly used plasticizer in medical material, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its effects on the human organism and the environment. The possibilities of substitution of PVC in peritoneal dialysis were searched and their advantages and disadvantages were evaluated. As the evidence of phthalates absorbed by the human body in carrying out peritoneal dialysis selected studies performed in Germany and in our country, dealing with this issue, were used. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection at 224 nm or gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC / MS) was used here for the determination of phthalates in the blood and dialysate in peritoneal dialysis. Extraction of sample with the suitable solvent and purification of the extract predates the actual analytical determination of sample.
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Possibilities of identification of flavonoids in environmental matrixes
Magdechová, Andrea ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Inherent part of plants are active substances; flavonoids belong to this group. They are used in medicine, cosmetics and they shloud be a part of our diet because of their positive effects. This bachelor thesis is focused on the identification of flavonoids in selected types of coniferous trees and moss. Pines, firs and spruces were selected as the representants of coniferous trees, together with mosses Polytrichum formosum and Rhytidiadelphus subpinnatus. Flavonoids were isolated using liquid-liquid extraction and identified using thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography.
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Occurrence of perfluorinated compounds in fish from rivers of the Czech Republic
HOLAŇ, Viktor
The object of this thesis is the assessment of fish contamination by selected foreign substances as perfluorinated compounds. these sites were selected for the thesis' purpose: Bečva - Dluhonice, Elbe - Přelouč, Bílina - Usti nad Labem, Jizera - Předměřice, Sázava - Nespeky and Otava - Topělec. Fish were caught by electrofishig. The concetrations of contaminants were measured in fish muscle and liver. The analysis were performed using liquid chromatography (HPLC - MS / MS). Concentrations of PFOS, PFNA, PFOA, PFHxS and PFHpS in fish muscle and liver tissues were monitored.
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