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Study of growth and optimization of selected metabolites production by Zymomonas mobilis
Lukačková, Adéla ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
In the diploma thesis are discussed the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper as a source for the production of bioethanol by bacteria Zymomonas mobilis. In the theoretical part summarize basic information about particular methods of hydrolysis, about paper used as a raw material for enzymatic hydrolysis, about possibilities of the fermentative production of bioethanol focusing on the method of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation comparison with enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Suitable microorganisms for ethanolic fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation and their advantages and disadvantages, are further discussed in this part as well. The theoretical part ends with the suggestion of the technological process for production of bioetanol. It covers all necessary steps from the input of raw material to the separation of produced ethanol. In the experimental part various parameters of hydrolysis, fermentation and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were optimized using enzymes from Novozymes® company and the Zymomonas mobilis CCM2770 and Zymomonas mobilis LMG457 bacterium. The conversion rate of paper cellulose to gluckose and production of ethanol were observed by HPLC/RI method. Type of buffer, quantity of cells, enzyme and substrate were optimized in order to maximize the efficiency of the process. All experiments were performed on paper containing high amount of cellulose and for comparison on standard medium which contains gluckose. The highest yields was achieved with the use of Novozymes® Cellulosic ethanol enzyme Kit. The strain Zymomonas mobilis LMG457 has demonstrated as a better producer.
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The enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper - a source of raw materials for production of liquid biofuels
Lepař, Petr ; Stloukal, Radek (referee) ; Gabriel, Petr (advisor)
In diploma thesis the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper as a source for the production of liquid biofuels is discused. It follows directly the homonymous diploma thesis from Ing. Brummer, and it is based on the findings, which were solved and decided in previous work. In the theoretical part there is a summarization of basic information on the enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper and the associated influences of various factors of the rate and degree of hydrolysis. Higher attention is paid to a waste cardboard and its pretreatment methods due to the maximalization of the yield of hydrolysis. The next part summarizes options of the fermentative production of biofuels, focusing on the method of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, where the further appropriate organism for ethanol fermentation is discussed. The last part is about the technological process from the raw material input to the separation of ethanol. In the experimental section the pre-treatment of waste paper in order to maximize the efficiency of hydrolysis was examined. The best results were achieved using a vibratory mill. In addition, various parameters for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were optimized using enzymes from Novozymes® company and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The conversion rate of waste paper cellulose to reducing sugars was observed by spectrophotometric method by Somogyi - Nelson and the amount of produced ethanol was quantified using HPLC / RI. As a part of this thesis some conditions (amount of enzyme, substrate, nutrients, yeasts, temperature, pH, type of buffer) were optimized to maximize the effectiveness of the overall process. All experiments were carried out on corrugated cardboard, which was chosen as the most promising material for hydrolysis that was among the waste paper pulp in diploma thesis by Ing. Brummer.
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Production of liquid biofuels by using enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper
Roštek, Martin ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the retrieval summary of current knowledge about the process of enzymatic hydrolysis with utilization of waste paper as raw material, in order to convert it into liquid biofuels. The thesis summarizes the general knowledge of the lignocellulosic a raw materials and their resources, an overview of available hydrolysis methods for materials and fermentation technologies, and also summary of methods currently used to rise enzymatic hydrolysis process effectivity. The next section provides an overview of commercial plants which use enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials.
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Výzkum možností zvýšené recyklace papíru‚ plastů‚ skla a neželezných kovů s ohledem na legislativu EU
EKO-KOM, Praha ; SLEEKO, Praha ; ENZO, Praha ; Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Přírodovědecká fakulta, Ústav pro životní prostředí, Praha ; Vrbová, Martina ; Kotoulová, Zdenka ; Havránková, Věra ; Černík, Bohumil ; Benešová, Libuše
Cílem projektu bylo stanovit podíly materiálové recyklace a dalších možností využití vybraných komodit odpadů - papíru, plastů, skla, neželezných a železných kovů, příp. dalších komodit, analyzovat stávající možnosti zpracování odpadů pro každou komoditu a navrhnout potřebné kapacity pro úpravu a zpracování na území ČR. V roce 2003 byla zpracována podrobná literární rešerše, současný stav nakládání s jednotlivými komoditami - technická vybavenost území, byly popsány nástroje a vlivové faktory a zpracována analýza stávajících a připravovaných právních norem ČR a EU.
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Výzkum možností zvýšené recyklace papíru‚ plastů‚ skla a neželezných kovů s ohledem na legislativu EU
EKO-KOM, Praha ; SLEEKO, Praha ; ENZO, Praha ; Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Přírodovědecká fakulta, Ústav pro životní prostředí, Praha ; Pokorná, Taťána ; Tichá, Marie ; Polák, Miloš ; Beneš, David ; Vrbová, Martina ; Kotoulová, Zdenka ; Havránková, Věra ; Černík, Bohumil ; Benešová, Libuše
Cílem projektu bylo stanovit podíly materiálové recyklace a dalších možností využití vybraných komodit odpadů - papíru, plastů, skla, neželezných a železných kovů, příp. dalších komodit, analyzovat stávající možnosti zpracování odpadů pro každou komoditu a navrhnout potřebné kapacity pro úpravu a zpracování na území ČR. V roce 2003 byly zpracovány podprojekty: 1. Analýza stávajících a připravovaných právních norem EU a ČR. 2. Současný stav nakládání s jednotlivými komoditami (životní cykly, technické vybavení území, vzorová studie LCA obalů). 3. Působení rozhodujících nástrojů. Současná produkce a prognóza využitelných složek komunálních odpadů, jejich třídění, jejich třídění za účelem recyklace a nástroje. 4. Výzkum a vývoj nových technologií a způsobů nakládání s vybranými druhy odpadů.
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