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Vliv politického populismu v České republice na postoje občanů k problematice migrační krize
BORZYKOVÁ, Ivana
This bachelor thesis focuses on the influence of political populism on the attitude of Czech citizens to the issue of the so-called migration crisis of 2015 (when it was most intense) and in the following years. The first part of the theses characterizes the issue of migration in respect of the context of the migration crisis of 2015, the possible causes of the increase in the number of applicants for international protection, the difference between economic and forced migration, etc. Next, the author describes the issue of populism, its characteristics, objectives, history, and the rhetorical means used by populists from the point of view of chosen political theories. These theoretical findings are placed in the Czech context, including the context of the migration crisis. The analytical part of the work maps selected moments of the election campaigns of the leading Czech populist parties and movements - ANO 2011, KSČM and SPD which relate to the issue of the migration crisis. At the end of the analytical part, the author tries to demonstrate the impact of the rhetoric of the mentioned political entities as one of the possible influences which affect the negative attitude of Czechs towards refugees, with help of the selected opinion polls of Czech citizens.
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Driven out by Putin's Invasion. Interviews with Refugees from Ukraine
Kramlová, Jana ; Klimeš, David (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the journalistic coverage of war refugee stories. The core of thethesis is a practical part containing a set of journalistic interviews with refugees who have beendisplaced from their homes by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The theoretical part presents both the history and context of today's conflict and also addresses the topic of Ukrainian national identity. Methodologically, it deals with war journalism and interviewing. The practical part then addresses the research question that focuses on the change of identity of therefugees and factors that have shaped their new identity through journalistic interviews with sixrefugees. These factors turn out to be family ties, the language barrier in the Czech Republic orthe fear of having nowhere to return to. The respondents also frequently mention the influenceof the media on identity formation or pride in their country's resistance to Russian aggression. The paper also aims to enrich the existing findings on the practice of interviewing war refugees.It confirms existing theoretical findings on conducting interviews with people who have lived through traumatic experiences and provides insights from working with them.
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Radauti Municipal (Co)housing
Grosu, Gabriel Andrei ; Widholmová, Alžběta (referee) ; Toman, Radek (advisor)
Since the beginning of the Ukrainian invasion, the booming demand for accommodation within proximity to the border turned into a delicate housing crisis. This project investigates the current housing condition made available for the Ukrainian refugees while searching for the best way of addressing the sudden increase in the medium and long-term housing demand. The findings of the investigation along with the input from many consultations with Ukrainian war refugees were translated into developing a detailed architectural design for a municipal (CO)housing refugee camp in the city of Radauti.
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Definition of a refugee under international law
Burová, Petra ; Honusková, Věra (advisor) ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (referee)
Refugee definition in international law The definition of the term "refugee" in international law is a very wide issue which can be conceived from many different points of view. One of the best ways how to deal with it is to focus on only one part of the generally most widely accepted definition of a refugee. This is the definition according to the 1951 Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. According to this document a refugee is a person who "owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country..." This definition is more than fifty years old and still actual. It has been adopted in response to the Second World War and the mass refugee flood. The missing interpretation of the term "persecution", which is the fundamental element of the Geneva Convention refugee definition, is still one of the biggest problems of refugee law. The aim of my thesis is to find out whether the missing definition of the term "persecution" is really such a serious imperfection as it is brought out sometimes. I try to answer this question through researching the...
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An impact of the qualifying directive upon the position of a refugee in the EU
Stehnová, Aneta ; Scheu, Harald Christian (advisor) ; Honusková, Věra (referee)
An impact of the qualifying directive upon the position of a refugee in the EU - Abstract This thesis deals with an impact of the qualifying directive upon the position of a refugee in the EU. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse partial provisions of the directive1 and to explore their impact upon refugees and people with a status of subsidiary protection. Issues of asylum are being discussed a lot at this time with regard to thousands of people in need of an international protection. The thesis consists of introduction, five chapters and conclusion. The introduction determines subject matter of the thesis and factual situation of asylum in EU. Chapter one is divided into two subchapters. Subchapter one illustrates historical development of Common European Asylum System. Subchapter two outlines legal basis of the directive and it is divided into four parts. Chapter two is the most comprehensive. It explains conditions for an obtaining of refugee status in accordance with the direction. It contents five subchapters. Subchapter one focuses on definition of refugee which features person needs for obtaining refugee status. Subchapter two describes the term "well-founded fear of persecution" which is crucial for the definition. It consists of four parts and each of them deals with the specific aspects of the...
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International Legal Protection of Refugees Persecuted for Reasons of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Bedaňová, Jana ; Honusková, Věra (advisor) ; Flídrová, Eliška (referee)
International Legal Protection of Refugees Persecuted for Reasons of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity: A Critique of the Human Rights Approach Abstract This thesis examines the human rights approach to the interpretation of the definition of refugee by using the example of persons persecuted on the grounds of sexual orientation and/or gender identity (SOGI). The thesis focuses primarily on the European area and how a human rights approach to the interpretation of 'persecution' may be relevant to the practice of European Union states specifically in relation to SOGI refugees. The first part outlines the context of persecution of persons fors reasons of their SOGI. It examines the criteria by which SOGI is, and potentially can be, subsumed under the relevant grounds of persecution for refugee status. The second part outlines the different approaches to interpreting the concept of persecution and elaborates more on the so-called 'circumstantial' approach embodied by UNHCR. The third part is devoted to elucidating the doctrine of the human rights approach pioneered by James Hathaway and his book The Law of Refugee Status. The fourth part examines the approach of human rights monioring mechanisms to failed asylum seekers fearing persecution on the grounds of SOGI. It analyses the decisions of the Committee...
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Migration and its social construction in approaches of political parties in the Chamber of Deputies in the Czech Republic
Burešová, Zdeňka ; Novotný, Vilém (advisor) ; Jelínková, Marie (referee)
Migration is a phenomenon which has strong impact on the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic is currently under transformation from transit country to immigration country. At the present time the situation is even more complicated because of the migrant crises which impact all of us. I suppose that the Members of Parliament will create social constructions or narratives about migrants during the sitting of parliament. I aim to identify social constructions of migrants that are created by the Czech political parties represented in the Chamber of Deputies since the 2013 election. I will divide social construction into two main groups. Ones belong to migrants and the other ones to refugees. I would like to find out if there are more positive or negative social constructions and how are benefits and punishments distributed to these groups. I would like to discover key narratives of particular political negotiation as well. Theoretical background of this thesis is the social construction of target population theory of Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram. In the manner of Lina Newton's article "It is not a question of being anti-immigrant: Categories of deservedness in immigration policy making", I will use a combination of discursive and narrative analysis as the main method. I will analyse statements and...
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The work of Government and non-Government organizations in refugee integration in the German labor market, Sep. 2015-Jan. 2016.
Grulaj, Shpresonë ; Klípa, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dimitrov, Michal (referee)
The work of Government and non-Government organizations in refugee integration in the German labor market, Sep. 2015-Jan. 2016. Abstract The new refugee surges in Germany have emphasized the importance of refugee integration in the host country. Current research highlights the role of government and nongovernment organisations in helping refugees overcome integration related challenges. This thesis highlights the challenges that are typically faced by refugees and assesses the importance of government and nongovernment institutions and organisations in helping refugees overcome those challenges. Applying a qualitative method and a comparative approach, the thesis employs data available from a set of reports and websites from respective organisations that work on refugee related issues, or that evaluate the work in different countries. The findings suggest that there is a set of challenges that are faced by refugees, with highlight in: host country language abilities, previous qualification recognition, skills recognition, emotional challenges, cultural differences in the workplaces. Moreover, the findings analyze the main industries where refugees are typically employed. Finally, comparing the areas of focus by both types of organisations, it is identified the presence of a noticeable division, not...
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Angela Merkel's handling of the refugee crisis in the years 2015-2016. Political narrative of a dividual actor.
Wiedermannová, Ida ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Dimitrov, Michal (referee)
The diploma thesis examines the political narrative of German Chancellor Angela Merkel during the EU migration crisis in 2015-2016. The aim of the thesis is to show, how Chancellor Merkel justified her policy and the approach of the Federal government in matters of European migration policy. What priorities and motives can be seen in the keynote speeches of the German Chancellor? Which of the arguments were crucial? The thesis is based on the fact that Merkel took on two levels of argument. On the one hand, she understands her political actions in the European Union from a normative point of view, on the other hand some political steps could be seen from a pragmatic strategic point of view. The aim of the study is also to examine the role of Germany in the EU from the perspective of the so-called dividual actor. After the introductory section, the third chapter outlines the development of the migration crisis in the EU. The following chapter brings an overview of the solution to the migration crisis in terms of developments in Germany. The fifth chapter is an analytical part of the thesis, which aims to identify and interpret the various narratives of Angela Merkel in the field of German European policy and the solution to the migration crisis. In conclusion the results of analysis are introduced.
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The definition of a refugee, its interpretation in recent international law
Honusková, Věra
The dissertation examines the definition of a refugee and its interpretation and application in the current international law. The thesis is based on the definition which is incorporated in the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees of 1951. According to the Convention a refugee is a person who "owing the well-founded fear for being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country (...)". The dissertation deals with the inclusive part of the definition only. The following theses are discussed: 1) whether there has been a shift in the interpretation and application of the definition of a refugee. Also, the dissertation analyses whether a new customary definition was established and what is eventually its content; 2) whether a regional customary definition was established and what is eventually its content; 3) whether the restrictive practises of the states prior to and during an entry of a foreigner influence the interpretation and application of the definition of a refugee. The study is divided into four parts. The first part analyses the historical development of the definition of a...
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