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Polysemy in English Modal Verbs
KUBÁSEK, Vít
One of the features of modal verbs is their polysemous meaning. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to quantify polysemy by means of spoken (BASE) and written (ukWaC) corpus. Modal meanings of the selected English modal verbs are classified based on available sources, mainly on Cognitive English Grammar. The thesis also contains prototypical examples of all modal meanings of each selected modal verb.
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The passive voice in old Awadhi
Sokolkina, Polina ; Strnad, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This thesis concerns with an investigation of the passive voice in Old Awadhi on the basis of one of the most important and extensive works composed in this literary dialect of Hindi - Padmávat of Malik Muhammad Jayasi (ca. 1494-1542). The main objective of the work is to compare different kinds of passives in Old Awadhi to the ones of modern standardized Hindi, both in terms of form and and in terms of its possible modal meanings. Besides theoretical description of formal and semantic aspects of the passive voice and analysis of passive verb forms in Old Awadhi, supported with a numer of specific examples, the thesis contains a description of the literary and linguistic context of Padmávat and a brief characteristic of Old Awadhi. Key words: Hindi, passive voice, modality, Old Awadhi, Jayasi, Padmavat
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Compound and Extended Final Particles
Libich, Jan ; Kanasugi, Petra (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explore the morphological, syntactic, and particularly the semantic properties of specific expressions of the Japanese grammar called compound and extended sentence ending particles. The purpose of the research is to answer the question of which combinations of sentence ending particles exist in contemporary Japanese, what are the meanings of these combinations and how they can be translated into Czech. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the theoretical level, where sentence ending particles are examined in general and an overview of simple sentence ending particles is presented. In the second part, based on available academic literature and analysis of authentic language material, compound and extended sentence ending particles are examined, especially their meanings. Compound sentence ending particles kana, noka, yone and extended sentence ending particles monoka and janaika are analyzed. The conclusion of the thesis contains a summary of the specific features of the grammatical categories of compound and extended sentence ending particles. Keywords: Japanese, final particles, compound particles, modality.
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Spanish Exclamative Clauses Expressing Will (with Reference to Czech and Slovak)
Výrosteková, Dominika ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate simple Spanish clauses expressing implied will. They represent the way of how we can express our wish or desire without referring us to any addressee. This work consists of two parts, theoretical and modal. The first part is dedicated to the enlightenment of the term of verbal mode. This is considered to be important because these types of clauses are associated with a specific verbal mode, known as subjunctive. We will describe the use of subjunctive in simple clauses in more detail, but without neglecting its alternation with the indicative mode and the issue of an imperative mode, which consists in different approach to the meaning of the verbal mode in Spanish linguistic tradition. The second section of the chapter will then be dedicated to the modality, where we clarify the term and apply it on Spanish language. We will define specific expressions and paradigms that will be dealt with in the practical section. It will consist of a few corpuses analyzes in four different linguistic corpuses, namely InterCorp, Araneum Hispanicum Maius, CORPES XXI and CREA. KEY WORDS subjunctive, modality, wish clauses, Spanish, hable, hablara, deontic modality
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English (semi-)modal "need (to)" and its Czech counterparts
Polláková, Helena ; Popelíková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Klégr, Aleš (referee)
The English verb need (to) belongs to the class of verbs which show characteristics of both modal and lexical verbs. The aim of the study is to provide a description of the verb with respect to its semantics, use and grammatical features. The first theoretical part summarizes theoretical findings about the verb need (to) and marginal modals and modality in general. Furthermore, it briefly touches upon the issue of expressing modality in Czech. The empirical part is then based on the analysis of selected examples extracted from the English-Czech part of the parallel corpus InterCorp. The analysis examines the proportion of the use of need and need to and the means of their translation in Czech - whether the corresponding Czech sentences include modal verbs, modal adverbs, verbal or verbo-nominal constructions meaning potřebovat or completely different means.
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The music of the Armenian Hymnal: the Tntesean corpus
Utidjian, Haig ; Daněk, Petr (advisor) ; Kindler, Evžen (referee) ; Troelsgaard, Christian Viggo (referee)
Haig Utidjian - Abstract In this thesis we attempt to establish, in as concrete and tangible a manner as possible, the procedures used by Ełia Tntesean (1834-1881) in compiling and redacting his version of the melodies of the Armenian Hymnal, and to place his own endeavour in the context of other attempts to record the melodies of Armenian hymns using the Limōnčean system of musical notation in nineteenth-century Constantinople - at a time when the mediaeval neumatic notation had already become largely intractable. Our approach entails the juxtaposition of Tntesean's musicological articles and paedagogical publications with his transcriptions in Western notation and with his mature realisations of the hymnal melodies in the Limōnčean system, published posthumously in 1934 - treating these sources as a coherent corpus, of which the diverse components are allowed to shed light on each other. Comparison with other hymnals from the same period, the investigation of parallels with the neighbouring practice of Ottoman makams, fieldwork with surviving remnants of the oral tradition, and a critical examination of Tntesean's writings and transcriptions enable us to elucidate aspects of notation and performance practice, and to expose a subtle evolution in aesthetic. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the Tntesean...
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The modal verbal periphrases and their equivalents in Czech and Slovak
Výrosteková, Dominika ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
In this paper, we will investigate Spanish modal verbal periphrasis. My decision to choose this topic was based on different conceptions of verb construction in languages such as Spanish, Czech, and Slovak, where they are percieved more like modal verbs. This paper consists of two parts. The first is dedicated to theoretical enlightenment of the terms we are working with and to compare the different approaches in Spanish and Czech linguistic tradition. In the second part, we will clarify the modal verbal periphrasis that will validate the investigation in the other section. We will then study them by corpus analysis by using the parallel corpus, InterCorp. The main goal of this work is to determine different methods of translating Spanish modal periphrasis into the Czech and Slovak languages. Key words modality, modal verbs, verbal periphrasis, deber, tener que, poder, haber de
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Spanish verb grammatical constructions where the verb changes its meaning depending on the choice of mood in the subordinate clause
Vokatá, Barbora ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The present work deals with the spanish grammatical constructions with the verbs that admit both the verb in the indicative and the subjunctive in the subordinate clause and whose meaning varies depending on the selected mood in the subordinate clause. The subject of our research are the verbs insistir (en), decir, temer, temerse, sentir, esperar, hacer and parecer. By the parallel language corpus InterCorp we analyse what are the trends in the use of the above verbs in the indicative and subjunctive and we study the influence of this modal opposition how it is reflected in the czech translation. Keywords: mood, modality, subjunctive, indicative, change of meaning
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