|
|
Influence of plasma activated water on seed germination and quality of corn
Kovařík, Martin ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Kozáková, Zdenka (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the effect of plasma-activated water on corn germination. After water comes into contact with plasma, the water changes its chemical composition and thus, it acquires new properties that can be used in agriculture. The theoretical part is divided into two basic parts. At the beginning of the first part, plasma is briefly characterized, and then this part deals with plasma-activated water, its formation, physical and chemical properties, and at the end of this part, its use. The second part of the theoretical part is devoted to the germination of plants, external influences affecting germination and statistical evaluation of germination. At the end of the theoretical part, this thesis deals with the ecotoxicity of plants. The content of the experimental part was the preparation of PAW, its subsequent application to corn seeds and the study of its effect on germination and plant quality. PAW was created from distilled or tap water using three different plasma systems and the effect of each PAW on the seeds was compared with that of each control sample. The obtained results indicate a positive effect of PAW on seed germination, but the final hypothesis would require more extensive experiments in different environments, especially in soil.
|
|
|
Changes in plant metabolism due to phytoremediation of pharmaceuticals
Polívková, Linda ; Bělonožníková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Chmelík, Josef (referee)
As a result of human activity, the rate and amount at which various pollutants enter the environment are increasing. Among them, pharmaceuticals and their metabolites, whose fate in nature has not yet been fully understood, have a key role to play. Phytoremediation, as an alternative method to the traditionally established methods of remediation of pollutant- contaminated wastewater and soils, has an increasing potential to become an important and ecologically friendly tool for environmental restoration and conservation. In this bachelor thesis, the effect of the pharmaceuticals buspirone, dextromethorphan, ibuprofen, the combination of dextromethorphan and ibuprofen, paroxetine and sulpiride on the antioxidant system of maize (Zea mays L., DKC 3969) cultivated in vitro in hydroponics under sterile conditions was investigated. The activity and isoenzyme composition of peroxidases, which are among the key components of the antioxidant system, were determined in maize plants. The amount of total soluble proteins in plants was reduced in most cases due to the influence of the aforementioned pharmaceuticals. In contrast, the specific activity of total peroxidases, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase was increased in most cases, most notably by buspirone, sulpiride and the combination of...
|
|
|
Phytoremediation of pharmaceuticals
Forróvá, Barbora ; Bělonožníková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kubíčková, Božena (referee)
Anxiolytics, sedatives, hypnotics and antidepressants are some of the most prescribed pharmaceuticals today. As their consumption increases, there is a growing risk of them leaking into surface water and soil, where they can be accumulated, interfere with key biological processes in animal cells or contaminate the food chain. With this is related an increasing need to find ways to ensure the removal of these substances from contaminated sites. There is a wide range of methods for decontamination, however not all of them are affordable and sufficiently environmentally friendly. Phytoremediation is one of the most environmentally and economically friendly ways used for removing pharmaceuticals and other xenobiotics from the environment. In this work, the effects of the drugs diazepam, rohypnol and trazodone on the antioxidant system of maize (Zea mays, L., cultivar DKC 3969) plants grown under sterile conditions hydroponically in vitro were studied. The effects these drugs had on the plants were monitored through the activity of important antioxidant enzymes, peroxidases and glutathione-S-transferases, as well as through non-enzymatic markers of antioxidant capacity and the content of substances indicative of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde and H2O2. A significant increase in phenolic content was...
|
|
|
Analysis of on farm maize production systems and suggestions for improvement
ŠIMKOVÁ, Libuše
Maize is currently one of the most important feed crops. If we want to grow it effi-ciently, we should spend enough time selecting a suitable plot, seed and sowing date. When selecting the sowing date, it is important to achieve a temperature of 8 °C at sowing depth. The maize is sown at a depth of 3-4 cm and can be sown in conventional rows (75 cm), narrow rows (35 cm) or twin rows. Maize is a slow-growing crop, so it is important to pay attention to mechanical or chemical weed control. When harvesting maize for silage, the whole plant can be harvested or the split harvesting technique of CCM and LKS can be used. The hybrids WELAS, PERSEUS and AKANTO were evaluated. WELAS is a double line (Sc), early hyb-rid (FAO 240) and PERSEUS is a triple line (Tc), early hybrid (FAO 250). The PERSEUS hybrid was able to give a higher yield than WELAS in the plots evalu-ated. The hybrid used, agrotechnique and soil moisture availability had the greatest effect on yield.
|
|
|
Vliv sklízecích ústrojí na parametry sklízecí mlátičky
Zemek, Martin
Diploma thesis present survey about today's types of headers, about their construction and possibilities of their using. Next there are concisely describe constructions of tangential, axial and hybrid combine harvesters. Diploma thesis also describes maize and disposition of seeding plants of maize. In practical part of this diploma thesis was done measure of efficiency, fuel consumption and especially loss of grains on header stated for harvest of maize seed to one-rows and that during harvest of maize seed to one-rows and to twin-rows, and then was done mutual comparison.
|
|
| |
|
|
Uplatnění fosforu a draslíku na výnos a kvalitu kukuřice seté
Maňásek, Josef
Over the past 20 years the approach to fertilisation of most of the crops on agricultural land has changed considerably. Complex nutrition has unfortunately gradually changed into one-sided nitrogen fertilisation; to a very limited extent also applying phosphorus and potassium. Other macro-nutrients are usually used for fertilisation only very sporadically and on a long-term basis only more deepening the deficit of nutrients in the soil and decreasing the soil reaction (pH).
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
