|
|
The role of the teacher´s assistant in child with diabetes mellitus at the first grade of primary school.
SILOVSKÁ, Lucie
The goal of this bachelor´s work is to describe position of the assistent of the pedagogue at the student with diagnosis diabetes mellitus and suggest reducement of negative impacts of special educative needs of the student to the ecucation with a help of assistant of the pedagogue. Bachelor´s work consists of two parts. Teoretical part relyes on special literature. First part specialises in diabetes mellitus, its history, type of diabetes, its acute and chronic complications, aids for treatment of diabetes mellitus 1st type, treatment by insuline pump, nourishment and sport, last two chaptures are interested in student with diabetes at the elementary school. Second part of teoretical part is dedicated to the assistent of pedagogue, his/her aktivity and personal assumptions. Practical part is refering to own qualitative research, when research group was made up from students of chosen elementary schools. Students were chosen from 3 different elementary schools in Prague. Practical part consists of 3 case studies refering to the students at 1st level elementary school with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The data collection took place with a help of document study, interviews with parents, teachers and asistents of pedagogues and will be completed by observing. Preparation of this work came out from professional literature and publications, from laws and results of performer research.
|
|
|
The preparation and characterization of IGF2 prohormones
Potalitsyn, Pavlo ; Žáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Obšilová, Veronika (referee) ; Hudeček, Jiří (referee)
Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 are protein hormones that share similar structural and functional features with insulin. They are commonly abbreviated as IGF1 and IGF2. They play important roles in prenatal development and throughout lifespan. Stimulation of growth of all cell types and significant metabolic effects also belong among their known functions. Dysregulation of their activity or elevated levels were observed in a number of diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2, cancer, hyperthyroidism, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscle dystrophy, acromegaly, Laron dwarfism and other disorders. Functions of IGF2 are less studied than functions of the other members of the family and even less is known about precursors of IGF2. To address these issues we started with production of IGF2 analogues with enhanced specificity to IR for better understanding the mechanism of receptor activation by IGF2. We produced site-specific analogues modified at sites important for receptor binding. IGF2 analogue with Phe48His mutation is the strongest IGF2-derived binder for IR-A reported ever and it is able to activate IR-A to about 60% of insulin ability. We developed new rapid, robust, and sensitive binding assays for testing of ligands of the receptor for IGF2 (IGF2R). First, we immobilized domain 11 of...
|
|
| |
|
|
Synthesis and biochemical characterization of hybrid analogues of human insulin and IGF-2
Povalová, Anna ; Stiborová, Marie (advisor) ; Koberová, Monika (referee)
The ever-increasing occurrence of diabetes mellitus brings about the need for development of new therapeutic agents to provide adequate treatment for patients. An important element in this research area is elucidation how insulin works, mainly in connection with insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2), which show significant structural homology to each other. In addition, their respective receptors - insulin receptor (IR) and receptor for IGF-1 and IGF-2 (IGF-1R) - exhibit very high similarity. As a result, IGF-1 and IGF-2 can bind to IR and insulin can bind to IGF-1R. Of a particular importance is the high affinity binding of IGF-2 to the isoform A of IR. Unlike insulin, which predominantly mediates glucose entry into cells, IGFs induce growth or mitogenic effects. The finding which structural determinants in insulin and IGFs are responsible for the differences in the activation of their cognate receptors could provide an explanation for different functional responses upon binding of these hormones to different target cells. Understanding of this mechanism could also help in the development of functionally selective analogues of these hormones. The aim of this study was the synthesis and characterization of analogues of human insulin extended at the C terminus of the B chain with the amino...
|
|
| |
|
|
Analogues of IGF-1 for the study of interactions of the hormone with the receptors for IGF-1 and insulin
Macháčková, Kateřina ; Jiráček, Jiří (advisor) ; Obšilová, Veronika (referee) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee)
Insulin/IGF system is a complex network of three similar hormones (insulin, IGF-1 and IGF-2) and their three similar receptors (IR-A, IR-B and IGF-1R,), which play important roles in maintaining basal energy homeostasis of the organism, in growth, development, life-span but also in development of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, acromegaly or Laron dwarfism. Despite structural similarities between family members, each member have its unique role in the system. Identification of structural determinants in insulin and IGFs that trigger their specific signalling pathways is important for rational drug design for safer treatment of diabetes or for more efficient combating of cancer or growth-related disorders. In this thesis, we focused on identification of such structural determinants in IGF-1. Comparison of our data with parallel studies with IGF-2 and insulin could give a more complex picture of the problem. First of all, we developed necessary methodologies for the preparation of IGF-1 analogues. We developed a new methodology for the total chemical synthesis of IGF-1 analogues based on the solid-phase synthesis of fragments and their ligation by a CuI -catalyzed cycloaddition of azides and alkynes. In parallel, we developed a procedure for a recombinant production of IGF- 1 and its...
|
|
|
Diabetes Mellitus 1st Type
Kadlecová, Kateřina ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
Diabetes Mellitus 1st Type Abstract This thesis deals with chronic illness diabetes mellitus 1st type. It is a job search to define and clarify the phenomena associated primarily with the course, but also the formation, prevention and complications of diabetes. The theoretical part of the work developed through the study of literature and other sources, and is intended to familiarize in detail and summarize the current state of knowledge of the topic. Much attention is devoted to the course of the disease, namely the possible resulting acute and late complications and consequently their solutions. Emphasis is also asset to the modern, ever-improving treatment options and the importance of self-monitoring. From a pedagogical point of view is taken into account in the work of the psyche diabetic, specially in terms of integration into the community. Conclusion the work points out, that even sick with diabetes mellitus can live a full and long live, if they abide by the rules.
|
|
|
Study of the role of the B-chain N-terminus conformation of insulin in binding to the insulin receptor
Kosinová, Lucie ; Žáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Obšil, Tomáš (referee)
According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), there were 371 million people in the age from 20 to 79 years worldwide affected by diabetes in 2012. This means diabetes has become a global epidemic disease and, therefore, the importace of insulin research still grows. Insulin is a protein hormone that plays a key role in regulating blood glucose level which has a widespread impact on whole metabolism. Insulin acts through binding of its monomeric form to the insulin receptor. It is clear that insulin monomer has to undergo structural changes upon binding to the insulin receptor as the residues which are crucial for the interaction are burried within the native form. According to studies of highly active hormone analogs and the new information about the insulin-insulin receptor complex, there is a strong evidence that the C-terminal part of the B-chain is a dynamic element in insulin activation and receptor binding. Probably, there is also a great importance of the B-chain N- terminus and the transition between T and R conformations of insulin. However, the exact significance of the T and R states of insulin still remains unclear. In this work, several new insulin analogs AibB3-insulin, AibB5-insulin, AibB8- insulin, N-MeAlaB8-insulin and D-ProB8-insulin were prepared for the purpose of...
|
|
|
The comparation of embryotoxical effect of insulin and glucose by the method CHEST.
Turková, Aneta ; Peterka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Likovský, Zbyněk (referee)
If gravid women suffer from diabetes,their unborn children have 10x higher risk of development of malformation,prenatal and postnatal death and post partum complications than children of women belonging to healthy population.The main and very controversial potential teratogenic factors are glucose and insulin.However,there are very ambivalent opinions on which one of these two substances causes damage to embryo. Therefore,the aim of this diploma thesis was to contribute to solving of this problem and test direct embryotoxicity of insulin and glucose. For solving of this issue, the so-called CHEST.The principle of this method is creation of a window in eggshell and consequent subgerminal or intraamnial application of the substance being tested.Embryos were tested from the second until the sixth incubation day.Firstly, two types of insulin were injected.Injected doses varied between 3µg/3µl to 0,003µg/3µl. Then glucose was tested,with dosage of 300µg/3µl and 30µg/3µl. Embryotoxic effect was detected for both types of insulin. The beginning of embryotoxicity line of insulin's lies between the dosage of 0,03µg/3µl and 0,003µg/3µl. From embryotoxic effect, death of embryos predominated over development of congenital malformations. Only after application on the second incubation day, there was increased...
|
|
|
Synthesis and characterization of AibB8LysB28ProB29-insulin to study T a R conformations of insulin
Kosinová, Lucie ; Stiborová, Marie (advisor) ; Flegel, Martin (referee)
According to the International Diabetes Federation, there were 285 million people in the age from 20 to 79 years suffering from diabetes on the planet in 2010. This means diabetes has become a global epidemic so the importace of insulin research is still growing. Insulin is a protein hormone that plays a key role in regulating blood glucose level which has a widespread impact on the whole metabolism. Insulin acts through binding of its monomeric form to the insulin receptor. At present, however, the active monomeric structure of insulin is still unknown. It is clear that insulin monomer must undergo structural changes upon binding to the insulin receptor as the residues crucial for the interaction are burried within the native form. According to studies of highly active hormon analogs there is an ample evidence that the C-terminal part of the B-chain is a dynamic element in insulin activation and receptor binding. Probably, there is also great importance of the B-chain N- terminus and the transition between T and R conformation. However, the exact significance of the T and R states of insulin remains unclear. In this work, a new insulin analog AibB8LysB28ProB29-insulin was prepared for the purpose of studying significance of the T and R conformations of insulin and their relationship to the active...
|
guest ::
