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Comparison of data from smartphones, fitness trackers, and specialised devices
Kačníková, Diana ; Smital, Lukáš (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The focus of this thesis is the comparissement of data from smart phones, fitness bracelets and specialized devices. Thesis includes description of features when using special devices such as smart phone, Axivity AX3 bracelet and Fitbit Alta HR for data recording. Signals were recorded using those devices with different anatomical locations and sampling frequencies. Those data recorded were implemented for three algorithms created for activity classification. Detection accuracy was calculated for each signal recorded. Devices, sampling frequencies and anatomical locations were compared based on the accuracy. Ultimate combination of sampling frequency, anatomical location and suitable device was defined.
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Molecular bases for the effect of exercise on postmenopausal bone health
Mocová, Klára ; Škubica, Patrik (advisor) ; Pikner, Richard (referee)
Hormonal changes caused by menopause, most notably the decline in estradiol levels, lead to rapid bone loss, putting a significant percentage of postmenopausal women at serious risk of developing osteoporosis. Postmenopausal osteoporosis influences many aspects of women's health and their overall well-being. Regular physical activity is considered one of the essential means to slow the bone loss process and prevent bone fragility. Many molecules play a role in the reaction of bone to mechanical stress during exercise, both those produced directly by bone cells and those expressed by other tissues, such as myokines and cytokines. The molecular connections between the menopausal changes in bone and the skeletal reaction to exercise are not well-known, especially considering variables like different types of exercise or individual levels of osteoporosis risk. Learning more about these links could help us better understand how exactly exercise influences postmenopausal bones. Moreover, it would be beneficial for creating more effective guidelines for osteoporosis prevention through exercise and developing better prevention and treatment approaches for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Keywords: menopause, bone metabolism, physical activity, exercise, postmenopausal osteoporosis
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Changes in fitness parameters after bariatric surgery
Černohlávek, Lukáš ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Kolár, Leoš (referee)
Introduction: Obesity is characterized as an excessive accumulation of fat that can impair health. Nowadays, obesity is considered to be a very serious problem that is becoming increasingly important as the number of obese people increases. One of the options for treating severe obesity is surgical treatment or performing bariatric surgery. These allow significant weight loss with a long-lasting effect, so they are a very good solution for highly obese people. Aim: The aim of this interventional study is to compare changes in fitness and body composition before and after bariatric surgery in patients in the bariatric patient register of the 3rd Internal Clinic of the General Faculty Hospital in Prague who underwent bariatric surgery in 2022. The aim is also to introduce in detail readers with obesity issues, especially with bariatric obesity treatment. Methodology: The monitored group consisted of 11 respondents from the register of bariatric patients of the 3rd internal clinic of the General University Hospital in Prague. For these 11 respondents, changes in fitness based on walking tests and changes in body composition using InBody measurements were evaluated before bariatric surgery and 3 months after surgery. Subsequently, from these 11 respondents, 5 respondents were selected, in whom it was...
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The effect of activity - inactivity on human cognitive function
Mandlík, Kryštof ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
This thesis adresses the effect of physical activity on human cognitive functions. It is based on the already proven fact that movement and physical activity have positive effect on human ascending reticular activating system. The experiment was conducted in two groups of different age. As a control group we used students not engaging in any activity. As a form of physical activity we chose brisk walk. The effect on cognitive function was based on direct measuring of memory in a form of recall test and on phonologic test of verbal fluence. Standardized questioners like Montreal cognitive test or MMSE weren't found apropriate because they are intended for use in case of impaired cognitive function. The aim of this thesis was to bring further findings on this topic. We were unable to confirm a statistically significant positive effect of physical activity on human cognition.
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Possibilities of influencing dysmenorrhea
Husťaková, Darina ; Nováková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Hošková, Blanka (referee)
Title: Possibilities of influencing dysmenorrhea Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate what options exist to influence dysmenorrhea and whether physical activity, BMI and stress have an effect on reducing menstrual pain. Methods: This is an empirical research, in quantitative character. A questionnaire survey was used using a non-standardized on-line questionnaire of our own design. There were single- choice or multiple-choice questions as well as an open-ended response option. This questionnaire was completed anonymously. The questionnaire was completed by 138 women aged 18 to 40 years, median 23, during June to December 2022. The results of the study were processed in Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: The following results came out of the survey. Women with higher BMI do not have more menstrual pains compared to girls with normal BMI or underweight. Further, according to the research, no association was found between stress and worsening of menstrual pain. According to the research, women with dysmenorrhea and regular physical activity do not have less menstrual pain than women with dysmenorrhea without regular physical activity. Regular physical activity has little effect on the duration of menstrual pain in women with dysmenorrhea, nor on the regularity of the menstrual cycle in...
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The Effect of Teambuilding Outdoor Games on Salivary Cortisol Levels
Ludlová, Monika ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Psohlavec, Lukáš (referee)
Title: The Effect of Teambuilding Outdoor Games on Salivary Cortisol Levels Background: The present time is characterized by its great pressure on the psyche of the individual creating a stressful environment along with its negative effects. Stress has become a very important scientific topic worldwide. Physical activities in nature can be an effective way to reduce stress. Objectives: The aim of this master's thesis was to investigate the effect of team building outdoor games on salivary cortisol levels. Methods: The thesis was conducted as an experimental study with a crossover design. 10 participants completed three different experimental conditions - teambuilding outdoor games, indoor games, and passive rest. A saliva sample was collected before and immediately after the activities. The salivary cortisol levels were used as the main dependent variable. Comparative statistical methods and generalized linear regression models were used in the data analysis. Results: Salivary cortisol levels not significantly decreased after both types of games; however, increased significantly after the passive rest (p = 0.017). Generalized linear regression models revealed statistically significant effects of both team-building outdoor games as well as indoor games compared to passive rest. Conclusions:...
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Experimental models of increased physical activity for cardiovascular research
Ševčíková, Anežka ; Kolář, František (advisor) ; Kašík, Petr (referee)
This thesis provides a critical review of experimental models and protocols of increased physical activity that have been used for various purposes in cardiovascular research in small laboratory rodents. The thesis describes their physiological and pathophysiological effects and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of using each model to study the adaptive mechanisms and beneficial effects of physical activity on cardiovascular disease. The use of physical activity in cardiovascular patients or people with cardiovascular risk factors is also mentioned. A review of exercise stress tests used to detect the degree of experimental heart failure of various etiologies and specific examples are also included. Key words physical activity, endurance training, stress test, small laboratory animals, heart, hypertrophy, therapeutic effects
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The options of prosthetic equipment for people with unilateral transfemoral amputation and its impact on their physical capability
Vlková, Barbora ; Šolc, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Strnad, Pavel (referee)
TITLE: The options of prosthetic equipment for people with unilateral transfemoral amputation and its impact on their physical capability OBJECTIVES: The aim of the work is to evaluate the effect of the used components of the prosthesis on the activity level of adults with unilateral transfemoral amputation, which are currently available on the domestic market covered by health insurance with deductibles. METHODS: The basis of the analytical part is literary research and data collection of technical data sheets. The second part of the work is qualitative research and contains case studies of five probands. The research group consisted of 5 persons with unilateral transfemoral amputation aged 49-78 years. Unstructured interview and observation methods were used for data collection. RESULTS: The result of the work is a summary of information related to the assembly of different types of TF prostheses for adults and evaluation of the relation between the level of technology used and the quality of the user's life. KEY WORD: unilateral transfemoral amputation, transfemoral prosthesis, physical capability, rehabilitation, prosthetic knee joint, prosthetic foot
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Rehabilitation care for children with epilepsy in the Czech Republic and in the world
Chrásková, Anežka ; Carbajo, Anna (advisor) ; Nováková, Pavlína (referee)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to summarize rehabilitation procedures for children with epilepsy used in the Czech Republic and worldwide. The first part focuses on the general characteristics of children epilepsy from the neurological point of view, its aetiology, patho- physiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment specific for paediatric patients. The second part deals with rehabilitation care for children with epilepsy provided in our country and other countries. In the discussion, these rehabilitation procedures are compared and evaluated. Several chapters are devoted to physical activity and cognitive rehabilitation in relation to children epilepsy, which play an essential role in rehabilitation and their importance should not be underestimated. The practical part is a case study of a paediatric patient with epilepsy, in whom we observe the changes and the effect of rehabilitation after neurosurgical removal of the epileptiform lesion. We use the Barthel Index to assess the patient's self-sufficiency, the Gross Motor Fuction Measure (GMFM) to assess his motor function, and the Box and Block test and the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT) to post-assess manual dexterity. The practical part also includes a questionnaire survey on rehabilitation care of paediatric patients with...
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