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Sleep correlates of early risk of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents.
Šebela, Antonín ; Goetz, Michal (advisor) ; Příhodová, Iva (referee) ; Vevera, Jan (referee)
Background: Reports of subjective sleep impairments have been replicated in adults with bipolar disorder (BD) and young BD patients. Furthermore, circadian rhythm alterations are a core feature of BD. Despite the impairment in circadian rhythms and altered sleep included in various heuristic developmental models of BD, thus far, biomarkers in population at risk for BD have not been sufficiently objectively validated. Thus, we conducted: a) Explorative study of sleep and rest-activity circadian rhythm among offspring of BD parents. b) Study of sleep and rest-activity circadian rhythm among offspring of BD parents without the presence of psychopathology (except depression and anxiety disorders) based on our exploratory findings. Methods: a) 14 days of actigraphic assessment and subjective scales (Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, PSQ; the Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire, MEQ; and The General Behavior Inventory Sleep Subscale, GBISS) to assess circadian preference, and to identify sleep impairment symptoms. Psychopathology was assessed using psychiatric interview. b) ≥ 14 days of actigraphic assessment with advanced methods to assess the chronotype, social jet lag and sleep macrostructure, psychiatric interview and subjective psychometric scales to assess the full psychopathology profile. Results:...
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Obesity and psychiatric diseases
Pluhařová, Apolena ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Karbanová, Martina (referee)
Introduction: Obesity is closely related to psychiatric disorders. I examined a sample of obese patients who were on VLCD / LCD during hospitalization. The aim was to determine the incidence of psychiatric disorders among obese patients and the development of their weight. Methods: Quantitative research was carried out at the D3 department at III. Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague. The data for the research was obtained from medical reports of patients on VLCD / LCD during hospitalization in the period 2018-2019. The results were compared with the Czech population and professional literature. Results: Data analysis shows that 42.2 % of women and 26.2 % of men in the sample suffer from a psychiatric diagnosis. The most common psychiatric disorder was depression and anxiety. The result of a comparison of a sample of patients on VLCD with the Czech population indicate that there is a similar proportion of depressive disorder among women on VLCD and individuals with obesity in the rest of the Czech population. In men, there is less incidence of depression on VLCD patients than in the rest of the population. A lower incidence of depressive disorder in men may be because individuals with severe psychiatric conditions are...
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Nursing care of the petient with bipolar disrorder
Holečková, Barbora ; Kulířová, Veronika (advisor) ; Maffei Svobodová, Ludmila (referee)
Bipolar disorder is a very serious mental disorder defined by mood swing of pathological nature. It is a chronic disorder, which strongly affects daily life of the patient. Its negative effects can impinge personal relationships and ones performance at work. According to WHO the bipolar disorder is the sixth in the list of main causes leading to lifelong disability. Altering between manic and depressive periods is very difficult, not only for the patient, but for the attending staff as well. In my thesis I will give a thorough characterization of the disorder. Theoretical findings on the topic were acquired via carefully done research in National Library of Medicine and via databases PubMed, Medline, Embase and Medvik. Theoretical part of the thesis is also enhanced with testimonies of actual patients with bipolar disorder. Their stories were acquired via books, research papers and internet discussion forums. I will proceed to refer about specific features of nursing practice based on particular case study of 65 years old patient with bipolar disorder. Medical staff has to aid the patient both during the manic and depressive periods while being greatly attentive. It is necessary to carefully observe behavior of the patient, their verbal and nonverbal communication in order to prevent unsolicited...
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Conflict of Responsibility at Social Workers from Fokus.
KUBATOVÁ, Michaela
The thesis deals with the conflict of social worker´s responsibilities in the FOCUS organization. The theoretical part is focused on the characteristics of the organization and the issues of its target group, which is mental illness - schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It describes the work of social workers with this target group. It also introduces issues conflict, ethical problem, ethical dilemmas and responsibility. The other part of the thesis is empiric, research fosuced on identifying, analyzing and trying to evulaute the conflict of responsibilities of selected social workers of Focus ČB. For data-analysis I used a method of creating groups. According to them, I grouped the information with similar features.
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Genetics of psychic diseases
Krčmářová, Eliška ; Šolc, Roman (advisor) ; Dudová, Iva (referee)
Psychological diseases are very heterogeneus group of diseases, including a complicated and complex multifactorial etiology with a possibility of an important role of a genetic component. Some diaseses got discovered their clear genetic origins, for instance Rett syndrom, where the origins are caused by a mutation in gen MECP2. The origins of a majority of other psychological diseases are more complex - it is chiefly a combination of specific polymorphism of many gens with an impact of an external environment. Among this group we can range diaseases such as anxiety disorder, eating disorder, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Autism presents the polymorphism of few different gens, however other mentioned diseases presents mainly polymorphism of genes, connected into neurontransmission. This thesis deals with a selection of potential genetic causes of psychological diseases, illustrated by the specific examples. Keywords: psychological diseases, Rett syndrom, autism, neurotransmitters, anxiety disorder, eating disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, mutation, polymorphism
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