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Status of LGBT people in selected Central European countries
Eckhardt, Kryštof ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Šerý, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis analyses the status of LGBTQ people in selected Central European countries through a discursive analysis of selected media and legislative sources. The thesis examines the development of the legal status of LGBTQ people in each state, and it also addresses the question of the impact of the phantom Iron Curtain border on the situation of LGBTQ people in each state. Through the research conducted, it has been found that in the last ten years there has been both an improvement and a deterioration in the legal status of LGBTQ people in Central Europe. Between 2014 and 2024, same-sex marriage was introduced in Germany, Austria and Slovenia, and the Czech Parliament adopted an amendment to the Civil Code in 2024, which will introduce same-sex partnerships on 1 January 2025, guaranteeing more rights for same-sex couples, including, in part, parental rights. The introduction of a similar registered partnership is expected in Poland after the change of government. Hungary is a country that has pursued a highly restrictive policy towards LGBTQ people over the past decade. The situation in Slovakia continued to deteriorate after the terrorist attack in Bratislava. Furthermore, the phantom border of the former Iron Curtain has been found to have enormous discursive power on the issue of LGBTQ...
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Genome duplication in Stellaria genus - the more, the merrier? Link between ploidy levels and sexual polymorphism.
Krtilová, Eliška ; Slovák, Marek (advisor) ; Prančl, Jan (referee)
Polyploidization in angiosperms, a well-documented phenomenon, often correlates with a diversity of reproductive strategies, including sexual polymorphism, impacting their evolution and expression. This relationship is particularly intriguing in high polyploids, where the interaction can be complex yet largely enigmatic. We investigated the connection between high polyploidy and sexual polymorphism in Stellaria palustris (Caryophylaceae), a species complex with exceptionally high levels of polyploidy exceeding decaploids and reportedly exhibiting variable sexual expression. To broaden our analysis, we included its relatives, diploid-tetraploid S. graminea and diploid S. longifolia. Our study focused on Central and Northern Europe, utilizing various methodological approaches, including genome size estimation, chromosome counting, genetic analyses based on Sanger sequencing, and evaluating floral organ variability and sexual expression. Major hypotheses examined associations between ploidy level and latitude, as well as ploidy level and sexual polymorphisms. Chromosome counts of S. palustris ranged from 2x = 154 - 208, corresponding to 2n=12x, 14x, and 16x, while for S. graminea and S. longifolia, we confirmed their originally known ploidies. Although chromosome counts did not unambiguously reflect...
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Technical and operational factors which has impact to the performance of airports in civil aviation
Květoň, Petr ; Šplíchal, Miroslav (referee) ; Chlebek, Jiří (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with factors that directly or indirectly affect the operation of the airport. The thesis contains theoretical notes of influencing factors, a list of aircraft and their characteristics, including mutual comparison in graphs. The next part focuses on the airport itself, where it tries to identify the factors that affect its operation, including historical events. The next part focuses on the selection of airports in Central Europe, determining the appropriate performance characteristics, which are then compared and evaluated.
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Mikroplasty a jejich vliv na životní prostředí
Kopicová, Jana
This bachelor thesis deals with plastic pollution in the environment predominantly focusing on microplastics. The aim of the theoretical part is to acquaint readers with the terminological background of plastics and their microscopic parts. This part also contains an overview of current information about sources, presence, and possible impact of microplastics in the environment centring on the water component. The theoretical part further discusses the effect of microplastics on living organisms and one’s health. In the practical part of the thesis, a questionnaire survey was carried out to find out respondents’ opinions and awareness of the given matter. The results of the survey confirmed that most of the respondents, despite being familiar with the term microplastics, are not well informed about their impact on the environment. The survey also indicates that this area lacks public awareness. Furthermore, a comparative analysis shows that more than 80% of the respondents would be in favour of refundable plastic bottles. Finally, the survey appears to confirm that respondents have poorer knowledge in legal regulations dealing with plastic waste.
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Long-term trends in the development of unemployment at the municipal level in selected countries of Central Europe
Sauerová, Kristýna ; Netrdová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Šťastná, Simona (referee)
The main aim of this master's thesis is to reveal patterns in spatial differentiation of unemployment at the municipal level in selected Central European countries and its changes in the new millennium. For this purpose, Central Europe is defined as the area of Poland, Czechia, Hungary, Austria, Slovakia, and Slovenia. This research is focused on the identification of spatial clusters of unemployment rates in selected countries by using advanced spatial and statistical methods, such as the Hot Spot Analysis. The outputs of the analysis categorize all municipalities into two main groups - clusters with high unemployment rates and clusters with low unemployment rates. Thereafter, these two categories are subjected to detail quantitative research, which examines their stability over the selected period (from 2005 to 2021). A cluster membership for each municipality is further explained by binary logistic regression models using also spatial, size, and resistance determinants. Finally, the results are explained in historical, social, and economic contexts from the socio-economic geographical view of each country. The analysis work with a database of unemployment rate consisting of data provided by national statistical and labour offices. Data from each office was collected, edited, and entered into a...
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Mustelid carnivores of Central Europe in the Quaternary fossil record
Vencová, Barbora ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Kyselý, René (referee)
The present paper reports results of detailed examination of fossil record of mustelid carnivores deposited in the collections of Faculty of Science, Charles University and National Museum Prague. In total 414 items were analyzed coming from 136 Quaternary and Pliocene community samples (6 MN51-17, 8 Q1, 10 Q2, 2 Q3, 104 Q4) of diverse sites in Czech Republic and Slovakia. Results of detailed biometrical analysis compared with corresponding data obtained in a set of extant taxa (204 ind. 8 spp.) and extensive literary resources revealed presence of 16 taxa (9 extant, 7 fossil). Larger samples enabling a more detailed analysis were available for the genus Martes, and in particular for a groups of Mustela nivalis - M.erminea which composed 77% of all fossil records. The earliest items (MN15-MN17) co-identified with M.pliocaenica conform well to expected common ancestor of both extant species. Yet, also those from the Early Pleistocene (MN17-Q2: M.praenivalis, M.plioerminea) show certain differences, which suggest that phenotype morphocline establishing extant populations established only during the Middle Pleistocene (Q3). A particularly rich sample available from the present glacial cycle (mostly continuous Vistulian - Holocene sequences) revealed unexpected predominance of the glacial records...
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Entry knowledge and ideas about Central European states for pupils of younger school age
FLEISCHMANNOVÁ, Tereza
The thesis deals with the scope and the level of entry knowledge and ideas about Central European states for pupils of younger school age. The aim of the work is to evaluate, through a quantitative research inquiry, the comprehensive knowledge of central European countries of pupils in the first grade. The evaluation was carried out on the base of a questionnaire survey of 396 respondents from eight primary schools, allowing an assessment of the level of geographical knowledge of primary pupils in fourth and fifth years. The analytical part of the thesis focuses on results and their comparison according to several categories, which are differences in knowledge across schools, years and gender. This section also looks at the differences arising from the location and size of the primary schools in question and, last not least, the source of this knowledge. The final practical section is based on the results of the survey and contains educational material, which is extended to include a methodical guide for educators and suggestions for teaching central European states.
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: Britain's Foreign Policy in Relation to Central Europe during World War Two
HEJLKOVÁ, Marie
The bachelor's thesis is dedicated to British foreign policy towards Central Europe in the period of the Second World War. First it introduces the attitude of the British government towards Central European states and the threat of German expansion before the beginning of the war and shortly after it. With regard to specific circumstances in the occupied areas including the states supporting Germany, the bachelor's thesis describes the main forms of Great Britain's foreign policies and initiatives, including the support of exiled governments, integration of soldiers from occupied countries into the royal military or their activity in secret services and special operations. The bachelor's thesis also includes a special chapter devoted to the role of Great Britain during the negotiations of the post-war arrangement of Europe focusing specially on the Central European space.
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Analysis of suitable airports for IFR training flights in Central Europe
Mach, Lukáš ; Juračka, Jaroslav (referee) ; Sklenář, Filip (advisor)
This bachelor thesis analyzes suitable aerodromes in Central Europe for IFR training flights from Brno-Tuřany Airport. The first section explains IFR flying in general. The second section contains an overview of all IFR-certified aerodromes in Central Europe. In the third section, five of the most suitable aerodromes for IFR training are selected considering the amount of traffic and distance. It also discusses airport fees. The last section contains preflight data of IFR flights from Brno-Tuřany Airport (LKTB) to three of the selected aerodromes from the second section.
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