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Connections of Posttraumatic Stress and Growth in Childhood Cancer Survivors and Their Parents
Koutná, Veronika ; Blatný, Marek ; Jelínek, Martin ; Vobořil, Dalibor
Posttraumatic stress (PTS) and growth (PTG) have been described in both childhood cancer survivors and their parents. This study aims to analyse the parent-child connections in self- reported PTS and PTG as well as the concordance of child self-reported and parent proxy- reported PTG. The sample included 142 parent-child dyads. Both survivors and parents self- reported PTS and PTG. Parents also proxy-reported PTG in their child. Correlations were performed between self-reported measures of PTS and PTG as well as parent proxy-report of PTG in the child. Parent proxy-reports of PTG in their child are more strongly related to parental own PTG than to PTG self-reported by the child. Parental PTS and PTG are correlated, but in survivors, PTS and PTG are not related. Parent proxy-reports of PTG in their child may reflect their own PTG rather than PTG of their child. The relationship between PTG and PTS in the context of childhood cancer differs depending on the reporter (parent/child).
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Relationship of Posttraumatic Stress and Growth with Quality of Life in Childhood Cancer Survivors
Koutná, Veronika ; Blatný, Marek ; Jelínek, Martin ; Vobořil, Dalibor
Childhood cancer is an event with the potential for both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic growth (PTG). While full PTSD is rare in childhood cancer survivors, PTG is common in this population. The relationship between posttraumatic stress (PTS) and PTG has not yet been clearly established, and the relationship between PTG and quality of life (QOL) is unclear. In a group of 188 childhood cancer survivors, we used correlation analysis to determine the relationship of PTS/PTG with specific dimensions of QOL. In the younger group (up to 12 years), the QOL correlated only with PTS, the connection with PTG was not proven. In the older group (from 13 years), QOL correlated with PTS and PTG, but correlations were stronger for PTS. The relationship between PTS and QOL was negative in both groups, the relationships between PTG and QOL in the older group was weakly positive. The relationship of PTG and successful adaptation and good QOL remains questionable.
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The 15th European Conference on Personality: Program and Abstract
Blatný, Marek ; Hřebíčková, Martina ; Kouřilová, Sylvie ; Slezáčková, Alena ; Květon, Petr ; Vobořil, Dalibor
The 15th European Conference on Personality (ECP15) was held in Brno, Czech Republic, July 20-24, 2010. The conference was organized by the European Association of Personality Psychology together with the Institute of Psychology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The programme of the ECP15 included contributions on distinctive personality issues, such as personality genetics, personality and behavioral control, neurophysiology of intelligence, and methodological issues of personality research. Furthermore, presenters introduced their findings about personality and social relationships, developmental aspects of personality, as well as personality and cultural differences. The ECP 15 also hosted dialogues between personality psychology and newly established theoretical approaches such as positive psychology.
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Polytomous IRT models and their usage in personality diagnostic
Jelínek, Martin ; Květon, Petr ; Vobořil, Dalibor
The presented study describes basic types IRT (item response theory) models for polytomous items. Graded response model and its modifications, partial credit model, rating scale model, and nominal response model are discussed. The usage of graded response model and generalized partial credit model is illustrated on the example of Rosenberg’s self-esteemscale. Although these two models differ in their concept, the actual trait estimates (self-esteem) are basically the same.
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Cognition 2006
Šikl, Radovan ; Špok, Dalibor ; Heller, Daniel ; Vobořil, Dalibor ; Lukavský, Jiří
Researchers from the fields of psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, biology and computer science discussed on the current state of the research on cognition. The conference Kognice 2006 offered the platform for the interdisciplinary dialogue and for learning about the very different approaches and languages which are linked by their curiosity on the nature of the human mind.
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Cognition 2006
Vobořil, Dalibor ; Šikl, Radovan ; Špok, Dalibor ; Lukavský, Jiří ; Heller, Daniel
Professionals interested in the topic of human mind and working in different fields of science had the opportunity to meet at the “Cognition 2006” conference. Interdisciplinary understanding and openness of the language used was stressed in an interdisciplinary dialogue lead from the positions of psychology, philosophy, medical sciences, artificial intelligence, linguistics, cultural anthropology and other sciences.
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Social Processes and Personality 2005
Blatný, Marek ; Vobořil, Dalibor ; Květon, Petr ; Jelínek, Martin ; Sobotková, Veronika
The VIII th “Social Processes and Personality” conference was devoted to the memory of Prof. Liduška Osecká, the eminent methodologist within the Czech and Slovak psychology and the former director (1993-1999) of the Institute of Psychology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, who would reached her 60th September 6, 2005. Within the traditional topic of the conference - basic and applied research in personality and social psychology - the conference’s main theme was the research methodology in psychology. Seventy-eight contributions (35 oral presentations and 43 posters) were presented at the conference, their substantial part is included in this conference anthology.
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Tachistoscopic experiments – the past and the future of tachistopical experiments
Vobořil, Dalibor ; Květon, Petr ; Jelínek, Martin
Tachistoscope has been one of the crucial instruments of the experimental psychology since its early times. This instrument is still in use in recent times, e.g. in the area of subliminal perception studies. The tachistoscopes have been evolving since the first experiments; nowadays, researchers do not use a single-purpose instrument to present the stimuli; they employ a personal computer with a monitor screen as a display unit. Two common technologies currently used at monitor screens - CRT and LCD - have different technical parameters (e.g. decay/refresh characteristics). The aim of our study is to explore whether the different parameters of the tachistoscopic instruments influence the resulting data, i.e. whether they cause an unsystematic measurement error. The results of the comparison of four types of tachistoscopic presentation will be presented in the paper. Two original mechanical tachistoscopes (Wundt-style tachistoscope, a tachistoscope with a photographic shutter) and two modern displays (CRT and LCD screens) are included in our experiment.
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Less is sometime more also in the experimental research of visual space perception
Šikl, Radovan ; Šimeček, Michal ; Vobořil, Dalibor
In the methodological study, the authors propose the classification of the tasks used in the experimental research of visual space perception. Each task has its advantages and limitations. It concerns with the requirements posed on the observers, the level of quantification of the data, the ecological validity of findings, and the danger of the infiltration of judgments by the artifacts. The authors propose to distinguish the metric (exact, euclidean) from the nonmetric (up to ordinal) tasks. All of the differences will be demonstrated on the specific experimental designs.
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