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Lagomorpha (Mammalia) of the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Europe: a revision of selected taxa
Čermák, Stanislav ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Sabol, Martin (referee) ; Benda, Petr (referee)
1 Lagomorpha (Mammalia) pliocénu a pleistocénu Evropy: revize vybraných taxonů Stanislav Čermák Předkládaná dizertační (uznaná jako rigorózní) práce se zabývá vybranými taxony fosilních zajícovců (starobylá konzervativní skupina býložravých savců) úseku spodního pliocénu až spodního pleistocénu (ruscin - bihar) Evropy. Technikami podrobné morfometrické analýzy (42 metrických, 14 nemetrických znaků) byl zpracován fosilní materiál (většinou nový nepublikovaný) dentálních a kraniálních pozůstatků rodů Psedobellatona, Ochotonoma, Ochotona a Hypolagus (N = 639) celkem z 38 lokalit území Česka, Slovenska, Maďarska a Ukrajiny reprezentující stratigrafický úsek spodní ruscin až svrchní bihar (MN 14 - Q2). Daná práce podává: (1) Ochotonidae - detailní revizi dosud komplexně nestudovaných taxonů pišťuch "skupiny Ochotona" spodního pliocénu (ruscin) východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (tj. taxonů Ochotona antiqua, Pseudobellatona, a Ochotonoma); v kontextu Česka a Slovenska revizi nálezů rodu Ochotona z pleistocénních (MN 17 - Q1) lokalit daného území, která podstatnou měrou rozšiřuje znalosti o těchto pišťuchách založené dosud na relativně nepočetných nálezech z lokalit Francie, Německa, Polska a Maďarska; (2) Leporidae - komplexní revizi rodu Hypolagus - stěžejního a dominantního rodu čeledi Leporidae pliocénu a...
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Review of taxonomic history of bats of the family Molossidae of the Old World
Forró, Beáta ; Benda, Petr (advisor) ; Staňková, Markéta (referee)
0 Abstract This thesis deals with systematics and taxonomic expressions of the relationships within the Molossidae family. Further attention is devoted to the species that occur in the Old World. The work consists of four chapters: introduction, basic characteristics of the family, description of particular species and conclusions. The second chapter, focused on the characteristics of the family Molossidae, consists of a description of the family systematics, its distribution range, morphological characters and the role of molecular genetics in the taxonomy of this family. The third chapter briefly discusses the genera of the New World thereafter looks in detail at the evolution and various views on the taxonomy of the species in the Old World. The species on which the thesis focuses belong to the following genera: Platymops, Sauromys, Cheiromeles, Myopterus, Otomops, Chaerephon, Austronomus, Ozimops, Micronomus, Setirostris, Mops, Tadarida, and Mormopterus. The aim of this thesis is to summarize the opinions on the systematic arrangement as well as taxonomic representation of relationships in the Molossidae family of the Old World and to reveal areas that require further attention. It also provides a description of alternative taxonomic arrangements based on the available evidence.
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Contributions to the taxonomy, biogeography, ecology and pathogens of parasites (Diptera, Acari) of Old World bats
Ševčík, Martin ; Benda, Petr (advisor) ; Stanko, Michal (referee) ; Bartonička, Tomáš (referee)
The dissertation thesis presents contributions solving several faunistic, biogeographical, taxonomic, and phylogenetic problems of selected groups of bat parasites together with surveys of potential pathogens in some representatives of these parasitic groups linked to the bats of the Old World. In the first part of the thesis, the taxonomy of prostigmata mites - chiggers (Trombiculidae) - coming from Eurasia and Africa is elaborated. Results of a detailed morphological and morphometric study are the descriptions of five new taxa belonging to four genera: Chiroptella, Grandjeana, Rudnicula, and Trombicula. At the same time, the results revise the differentiation within the group Trombicula sensu stricto, summarize the findings of species of individual genera and correct the inclusions of the originally described species within individual genera, with the final output of creating identification keys to the genera. The first sketch of the results of the study of the relations between chiggers and bats is included in this section, representing the description of the specific links among individual segments of both groups. In addition, there are studies presenting new findings and morphometric examinations of velvet mite nymphs collected from bats in Indonesia, as well as morphometric data and...
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Phylogeographic and systematic studies of selected bat taxa of the western part of the Old World
Uvizl, Marek ; Benda, Petr (advisor) ; Bryja, Josef (referee) ; Csorba, Gabor (referee)
Bats attract attention due their extraordinary adaptations including their ability to actively fly and echolocate, and extended lifespan, phenotypic diversity, etc. The phylogeny was analysed using cutting-edge molecular methods. However, the molecular revision of several species and species groups is still pending, especially those with wide distribution ranges or cryptic species complexes, even in the western part of the Old World. This specification encompasses Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and Africa and it represents the traditional research area for Central European (Czech and Czechoslovak) bat researchers. In my PhD thesis, I aimed to revise the phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships of six less studied species and/or species groups of bats, using a combination of molecular and morphological phylogenetic approaches. The sequences of both mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers were generated from over 10 species. These sequences were used to construct phylogenetic trees, haplotype networks, and estimate the time of divergence of studied species. The main results of my PhD thesis were: (1) filling gaps in the knowledge of the distribution ranges of species from the M. nattereri species complex (Vespertilionidae) by including and identifying samples from the Middle East; (2)...
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Concept of a low loader trailer for the construction machinery
Benda, Petr ; Molva, Martin (referee) ; Kašpárek, Jaroslav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with a concept and strength analysis of a low loader trailer for construction machinery. The thesis was created in cooperation with company ZDT Nové Veselí. The first part presents an overview of ways how to transport construction machinery and fundamental legal requirements for these devices. The main part of the thesis contains description of the trailer and its simplified model intended for the strength analysis. The last section presents an evaluation of results that had been achieved and at the very end the thesis contains partial drawing documentation.
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Workshop lifting and handling devices
Benda, Petr ; Zeizinger, Lukáš (referee) ; Škopán, Miroslav (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with workshop lifting and handling devices. At the beginning these devices are divided into several groups depending on its characters and benefits. Afterwards the thesis deals with a conceptual design of a movable hydraulic crane. The attention is focused on functional calculation and strength assessment of the main parts. At the end the thesis contains a drawing documentation.
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Molecular genetic variation of bats of the genus Hypsugo in the western Palaearctic
Balog, Štefan ; Benda, Petr (advisor) ; Vallo, Peter (referee)
Three species of the genus Hypsugo occur in the Western Palearctic. According to available sources, the species Hypsugo arabicus occurs only in the south of Iran (provinces of Sistan and Baluchistan) and in the northeast of Oman. The range of Hypsugo ariel lines the west of the Arabian Peninsula and can be also found in Egypt and Sudan. Hypsugo savii can be found in a wide range of areas from the Canary Islands through Western, Central and Southern Europe, the Balkans to the Middle East and Central Asia. The intraspecific and interspecific relationships of these three species have not yet been sufficiently investigated. Based on the data obtained from the sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear markers, a phylogenetic analysis was performed, which supplements the information on the intraspecific and interspecific relationships of the populations of this genus in the Western Palearctic. Two mitochondrial markers (Cyt-b and D-loop) and four nuclear markers (Rag2 and ACOX, COPS, STAT introns) were used for molecular analysis. Subsequently, Bayesian analysis methods and the Maximum likelihood method were used in the phylogenetic analysis to create phylogenetic trees. Furthermore, haplotype networks were created and p-distances between individual populations were calculated. In the species H. arabicus,...
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The analysis of environment of two companies in selected sector
BENDA, Petr
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to assess the current situation of two companies operating in the field of waste management, compare them and offer optimal strategies for the development of both of them. That is attained through analyses of the internal and external environment. Knowledge gained from professional literature is utilized for describing these analyses of strategy management used in the work. The information for research is provided from interviews with managers and is necessary for Porter's model of five forces, STEP, SWOT and financial analysis that are applied. Results describing the current state of companies are evaluated, which leads to recommending measures and solutions for improving the run of them.
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Feeding ecology of bats in the Mediterranean
Žďárská, Lenka ; Benda, Petr (advisor) ; Andreas, Michal (referee)
My work concerns the review of feeding strategy and ecology in bats of the Mediterranean. The aim was to provide an overview of food and feeding habits of bat species of the family Vespertilionidae inhabiting the Mediterranean region. First, there is a description of the geography, climate and biodiversity of the Mediterranean. Furthermore, there are described feeding strategies of particuar bat species in connection with the morphological structure of their bodies. The main part represents an overview of bat species in connection with their food. As it turned out, in some species, especially in the newly differentiated and/or endemic (Pipistrellus hanaki, Plecotus sardus, Plecotus teneriffae, etc.), there is a lack of any reference to their food or feeding strategy, on the other hand, there are species which are of considerable interest and for which a lot of data exists (Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Plecotus auritus, Barbastella barbastellus, etc.).
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Microclimatic characteristics of natural and synanthropic roosts of dendrophilous and crevice-dwelling bats.
Nodžáková, Kateřina ; Vybíral, Stanislav (advisor) ; Benda, Petr (referee)
This study has tested microclimatic characteristics of natural and synanthropic roosts in the Trebonsko Biosphere Reserve - an important area in South Bohemia. Using a data logger, we measured the temperature in cavities used and unused by bats and compared them with temperature in artificial roost - window shutter and limekiln. Our results provide direct evidence that limekiln and cavities are occupied by different species of bats in comparison with window shutter and we contend that selecting microclimatic conditions of roosts are species-specific. Using limekiln may be more advantageous to bats than tree cavities, especially during pregnancy and lactation, since it provides suitable microclimate for roosting. This may be one of the factors associated with aggregation of maternity colonies during gestation period. Further we measured metabolic rate (oxygen consumption) in various temperatures of surroundings. Following species were taken into experiments: Eptesicus serotinus and Nyctalus noctula. The temperature interval was 26 - 43 řC. Our results confirmed different demands on microclimatic conditions in both species. We hypothesize that high roost temperatures within the thermal neutral zone enables bats to maintain body temperature passively thereby minimize energetic costs.
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