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Unstable atherosclerotic carotid plaque diagnosis and influence on cerebral hemodynamics
Kešnerová, Petra ; Školoudík, David (advisor) ; Škoda, Ondřej (referee) ; Aulický, Petr (referee)
Unstable atherosclerotic carotid plaque diagnosis and influence on cerebral hemodynamics ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis of carotid arteries belongs to most important risk factors of stroke especially if unstable plaques are detected. However, the formation of the plaques and their transformation to unstable stage are not fully clarified. The aim of this work was to map the actual diagnostic possibilities, innovations in this field and to explore the impacts on cerebrovascular hemodynamics. In partial studies we succeeded to identify the ultrasound characteristics of the atherosclerotic carotid plaque which increases the risk of its progression. Those are the width of plaque, surface irregularities and ulcerations. The differences in elasticity between stable and unstable plaque were found using the novel method of shear-wave elastography with significantly higher average elasticity in plaques asymptomatic stable then in plaques asymptomatic progressive or plaques symptomatic. To extend research opportunities to in vitro studies the hemodynamic model of carotid bifurcation was constructed with the insertion of the plaque extracted during carotid endarterectomy and its function for the studies of hemodynamic changes in carotid stenoses was confirmed. The increase in resistance and pulsatility of cerebral arteries...
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Ischemic strokes in vertebrobasilar region, caused by lesions of magistral arteries
Škoda, Ondřej ; Kalvach, Pavel (advisor) ; Šonka, Karel (referee) ; Kemlink, David (referee)
Vertebrobasilar ischemic strokes, caused by lesions of magistral arteries. Background and Purpose Progress in modern non-invasive or minimally invasive diagnostic methods has improved detection and evaluation of pathological changes in the vertebral arterial system. Ischemia in vertebrobasilar circulation, often caused by stenotic processes of vertebral arteries, is considered a severe form of stroke, with a mortality of 20 - 30%. Stenoses of these arteries may be responsible for up to one half of ischemic events in their nutritive region. Although there is no general consensus on treatment of the VA stenoses so far, recent recommendations consider interventions in secondary stroke prevention, when optimal conservative treatment did not prevent recurrent clinical symptoms. With the increasing number of centers providing diagnostics and possible interventional treatment, the objective assessment of these lesions should be available. However, due to a relatively small part of patients, who are indicated to vertebral angioplasty, the diagnostic procedures should be as noninvasive and safe, as possible. The aim of this study was to create the accurate, noninvasive an safe diagnostic algorithm for the detection and evaluation of the VA stenoses and to test its reliability on our own patients group....
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Sonolysis in Risk Reduction of Symptomatic and Silent Brain Infarctions during Coronary Angioplasty and Stenting
Viszlayová, Daša ; Herzig, Roman (advisor) ; Nosáľ, Vladimír (referee) ; Škoda, Ondřej (referee)
Background: Cerebral complications of coronary catheterizations are transient ischemic attack (TIA) and stroke. Silent stroke (SCI) does not cause acute neurological dysfunction. It might cause many disorders including dementia. Sonolysis is therapeutic method. Sonolysis should be the method for reducing the risk of symptomatic and asymptomatic brain ischemic lesions in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty or stenting. Aims: To analyse patients with cardiac disease indicated for elective coronary catheterization: 1) Assess the incidence of acute/subacute SCI on brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging; 2) Investigate factors influencing the frequency and type of microembolic signals (MES) detected using transcranial Doppler (TCD) in patients undergoing elective coronary intervention, and to correlate the frequency and type of MES with detection of new brain ischemic lesions using MR. Examine changes in cognitive function at 30 days post procedure in relation to pretreatment scores; 3) Test the clinical efficacy and safety of perioperative sonolysis in patients undergoing elective coronary catheterization. Methods: 1) 144 patients were enrolled to the study. Brain MR was performed before cardiac intervention. The presence of acute and subacute SCI was evaluated, SCI volume was measured and risk...
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Ischemic strokes in vertebrobasilar region, caused by lesions of magistral arteries
Škoda, Ondřej ; Kalvach, Pavel (advisor) ; Šonka, Karel (referee) ; Kemlink, David (referee)
Vertebrobasilar ischemic strokes, caused by lesions of magistral arteries. Background and Purpose Progress in modern non-invasive or minimally invasive diagnostic methods has improved detection and evaluation of pathological changes in the vertebral arterial system. Ischemia in vertebrobasilar circulation, often caused by stenotic processes of vertebral arteries, is considered a severe form of stroke, with a mortality of 20 - 30%. Stenoses of these arteries may be responsible for up to one half of ischemic events in their nutritive region. Although there is no general consensus on treatment of the VA stenoses so far, recent recommendations consider interventions in secondary stroke prevention, when optimal conservative treatment did not prevent recurrent clinical symptoms. With the increasing number of centers providing diagnostics and possible interventional treatment, the objective assessment of these lesions should be available. However, due to a relatively small part of patients, who are indicated to vertebral angioplasty, the diagnostic procedures should be as noninvasive and safe, as possible. The aim of this study was to create the accurate, noninvasive an safe diagnostic algorithm for the detection and evaluation of the VA stenoses and to test its reliability on our own patients group....
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Analysis of Internet Banking
Škoda, Ondřej ; Schlossberger, Otakar (advisor) ; Rybák, Zdeněk (referee)
The purpose of this Bachelor thesis is to analyze the current situation about internet banking. The first part focuses on the classification of this term and characterization its attributes and options. The work devotes successively to neccessary conditions for using internet banking, security methods and services provided by it. The second part extends theoretical findings by practical analysis of internet banking applications of three banks in Czech republic. The comparison consists of four parts. Every of the them evaluate different aspect of internet banking: basic services, complementary services, visual aspect and security. Internet banking is a very popular service with great potencial, which can be used by its provider. Inovations of internet banking create differences between banks, because basic services a security they provide mostly without problems.
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Importance and liberalization of the automotive industry in the NAFTA states
Škoda, Ondřej ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Vondrušková, Barbora (referee)
The target of this thesis is to analyze the development of the liberalization in the automotive industry in the NAFTA states and to find out the influence of the financial crisis to the automotive industry. The first chapter deals with the importance of the automotive industry and its influence to the economies in the NAFTA states. The second chapter is about the liberalization in the automotive industry in these countries. At the end of this thesis are summarized some predictions of the development in the automotive industry in the north american countries.
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