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Islamic civilization: A comparison of representative interpretations
Gorčíková, Magdaléna ; Arnason, Johann Pall (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
Diploma thesis "Islamic civilization: A comparison of representative interpretations" presents theoretical and historical approach to comparative study of Islamic society by interpretation and comparison of principal scholars in which the author lays emphasis on basic social patterns of this society in long-term and dynamic development as well as on its role within modernization transformations. The main goal is to contribute by selective reflexion to understanding of the long-term historical experiences, its peculiar world views and institutional patterns as well as the ways it participates in history of the world. For this purpose the author employs interpretations and comparisons of the selected authors with particular focus on conception of Muslim society in the writings of Ernest Gellner. The first part is engaged in definition of Islamic civilization concept as one of the largest socio-cultural complexes in Eurasian macro-region. The second part focuses on political traditions and transformations as well as to some extent on economic structure of Islamic civilization. The last part pursues Islamic society as prospective alternative modernity in comparison to diverse conceptions of Islam interpretations proposed by other social science scholars.
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Terroristic organizations on middle-east focused on Hamas, Hisballah, Muslimské bratrstvo and their comparison
Michut, David ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
ABSRACT Mid-East Terrorist Organisations: Hezbollah, Hamas, Muslim Brotherhood, and their comparison. This thesis deals with terrorist organisations Hezbollah, Hamas, and Muslim Brotherhood active in the Mid-East region, individually and in comparison. Terrorist organisations in general and their effect on the world population and peace are a very important factor distinctly affecting ballance in the world. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on describing each of the terrorist organisations, the grounds for their formation, their current standing and their expected future development. This part also deals with Islam, a religion common to all said organisations. It explores the split of Islam to its current branchces and their influence on the formation of the terrorist organisations. The goal of the second part of the thesis is comparison of these terrorist organisations. For example from the point of methods and instruments used for influencing or manipulating the population, mainly through media and psychological propaganda. Also compared are the reasons for their formation, their global influence, funding, and recruiting new members and supporters among so far uncommited population. The final part focuses on the influence of the terrorist organisations on people worldwide, on security policies,...
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Analysis of Diffractive Open Charm Photoproduction with a Leading Proton at HERA
Jansová, Markéta ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Kepka, Oldřich (referee)
The diffractive open charm production is studied using data from 2006-2007, when the leading proton measurement by H1 Very Forward Proton Spectrometer was provided. The charm production is tagged by the decay products of D∗ meson. The cross section of e+ p → e+ D∗ X p in photoproduction regime defined by the value of virtuality Q2 < 2 GeV is determined and corrected for the detector effects. The diffractive D∗ meson photoproduction cross section is compared with the hadron level MC Rapgap prediction based on diffractive parton distribution functions extracted from inclusive ep DIS measurements. Measurement of leading proton provides a unique opportunity to investigate the response of forward detectors for the diffractive events. Using such events, the performance of the large rapidity gap selection is examined.
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Měření drah částic pomocí vnitřního detektoru ATLAS
Malina, Lukáš ; Doležal, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
The SCT is a silicon strip detector forming a part of the tracking system of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The tracking performance of SCT is influenced by several fundamental effects: multiple scattering, Lorentz drift, energy loss variation, noise occupancy, and δ-ray production. In this thesis, the task requested by the SCT detector group has been performed. Clusters containing a δ-ray, which are assigned to a track were studied on data samples, specially prepared for this purpose. A correction to the affected cluster positions was successfully developed. The correction to δ-rays has been implemented into the ATHENA reconstruction framework and its performance was evaluated. A meaningful usage of correction for the detector alignment has been proposed. The ongoing detailed verification of the performance within the event reconstruction is partially beyond the scope of the thesis work.
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Saudi Women's Role in Community Development
Al Shahrani, Sabra Naji ; Cviklová, Lucie (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
In this research, we showed and clarified the role of Saudi women in development and to demonstrate the role played by Saudi women and the status of the effectiveness of society, although it was delayed for several different reasons, including social, cultural and economic. We explained the importance and prestige that Islam gave to women and statements in the Quran and in Sunnah agree on the importance of the work and effectiveness of women in society. Also the role of women in society is affected by the customs, traditions and interpretations of the values and traditions of society. Historically, in the beginning of the formation of the first and second Saudi states, the education of women did not play a large role except for primitive education in such matters as religion, reading and writing on a small level and due to reasons including the development of a growing, busy state. But in the Third Saudi State by King Abdulaziz Saud and later his sons, women's education was clear goal that set up infrastructures to make decisions in their right to education and learning. The golden age of women was in the reign of King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz and King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz. Their decisions in favor of women and opening foreign studies, has in a strong development on the academic level. In the last...
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Robert A. Pape: Critical Presentation of One Theory of Suicide Terrorism
Dobešová, Jana ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Maslowski, Nicolas (referee)
My thesis entitled: "Robert A. Pape: Critical Presentation of One of the Theories of Suicide Terrorism." Its aim is to critically present the Roberts A. Pape theory of suicide terrorism to the Czech reader. Robert A. Pape's concept is very beneficial as per its point of view on the studied phenomena - detailed and enormous amount of analysis, statistics that his colleagues and him were capable to gain along with the original data interpretation. The core of my thesis is presented by Robert A. Pape's second book: Dying to Win, it also creates the centerpiece of his suicide terrorism theory. It contains the basics of the concept, which is extended in his third and newest book: Cutting the Fuse and partially is and outcome of his first book Bombing to Win. Key words: Robert A. Pape, suicide terrorism, occupation, religion, nationalism, coercive strategy
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Social environment and specifics of Turkish civil society
Šreinová, Lenka ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
The thesis 'Social environment and specifics of Turkish civil society' focuses on the possibilities of the environment in which is civil society in Turkey embedded. The thesis summarizes the main theoretical factors, present social phenomena and historical conditions, since these influence the foundations from which civil society arises and in which civil activities are conducted. Different approaches contemplating usage of the civil society concept in countries without stable democracy are thus compared. The thesis further considers social and political factors influencing possibilities of civil activity since the time Turkey was established. Additionally, the actual legal situation and civil society classification is described. The acting and motivation of civil society organizations is further considered with the help of their internet presentations. The appearing and repeating data in the organizations' own explanations are sorted out using content and discourse analysis. This way, their own definitions, descriptions of activity and the way of informing about their activities is assessed. The way of self-presenting and the previously defined theoretical motivation for acting is compared.
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