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Motives of Iran's nuclear prolifeartion
Stanovská, Kateřina ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of nuclear proliferation, specifically the motives of Iran's nuclear program. Given the unprecedented destructive potential of nuclear weapons, the international community has been trying to influence the course of Iran's nuclear policy for three decades. Unfortunately, their success has been limited. The aim of this work is to identify proliferation motives of Iran and to outline some of the steps that could be taken to minimize them. A basic theoretical framework was chosen, the conceptualization of Scott Sagan who categorizes the motives into three main groups - domestic, security and normative. However, because these models lack a clear identification of variables, the framework has been supplemented by specific indicators taken from the Stephen Meyer's concept. The work is instrumental case study, whose conclusion confirms the assumption that the realistic approach to the proliferation of nuclear weapons does not explain the overall structure of the motivation of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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The alternative explanations of military rise of China
Kilík, Milan ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
The question of China's military rise will be the security issue of the 21st century. Chinese economy has been growing since open door policies were introduced and its implications is the military expansion of China's military, which is gaining strength. Thanks to its weapon acquisition process, China's power gap has been shrinking in comparison to other, developed countries. China's regional military dominance is beginning to be publicly accepted and American strategists are trying to figure out how to keep China respect its international obligations. Despite all disputes, whether historical or current, China assures the other members of the international environment, that her rise, whether economic or military, is a peaceful rise. However, its acquisition process, whether it is led from domestic or foreign sources, causes concerns not only within the region but also from a global perspective. This thesis approaches the Chinese military rise from an alternative perspective. In Sagan design, the thesis tries to explain China's military rise by three modules applied to various doctrinal periods of the People's Republic of China. Three modules explain China's acquisition process from three perspectives - security, domestic political and normative terms. The work assumes that can Sagan's concept,...
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Hybrid Warfare, Wars, and Threats: A Conceptual Analysis
Bahenský, Vojtěch ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis strives to raise and answer three questions about the concept of hybrid warfare: What concepts of hybrid warfare exist so far? How similar or different are they? How useful are they from conceptual standpoint? The questions are answered by a conceptual analysis consisting of survey of existing concepts, their comparison and detailed evaluation of two of them on the basis of criteria of conceptualization. The answers revealed several important issues of the concept. Firstly, there are too many different concepts of hybrid warfare, often formulated with insufficient care for previous debates and already established concepts. Secondly, the formulated concepts of hybrid warfare are often different to a degree, which calls into question the claim, that all of them are trying to capture the same phenomenon. Lastly, even the better elaborated of the hybrid warfare concepts seem to be rather poorly conceptualized and not very useful. These three answers together cast shadow of doubt on the currently popular concept of hybrid warfare. The results of this work call for more careful thinking on whether and how the use of this concept is helping or hurting both our understanding of contemporary conflicts and our defence efforts against contemporary threats.
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Position of Airpower in Contemporary Strategy
Černý, Tomáš ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the current role of airpower in contemporary warfare. In last 100 years, the aircraft became an indisputable part of today's armed conflict. The aim of this work is to determine the mechanics behind airpower's functions in conflicts and to critically assess airpower's performance. The analyzed conflicts - Persian Gulf 1991, Kosovo 1999, Afghanistan 2001 and U. S.-led counterinsurgency campaigns in Iraq and Afghanistan - provide the diversity that is needed to reveal the position of airpower in contemporary strategy. The thesis is divided in three parts. The first part follows the evolution of airpower and its theory, providing context to further analysis of contemporary environment. The second part of the thesis identifies key theoretical concepts and modalities connected to airpower and analysis them on a general, theoretical basis. The third part of this thesis applies the concepts and modalities on the picked case studies in order to reach the suggested objectives by analyzing the conflicts and deriving empirical data. The conclusions of the thesis suggest that while slightly exaggerated, airpower grew to vital importance and became one of the key elements in today's conflicts.
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The change of normative perception and thinking about the Nuclear Sharing within NATO
Kořínek, David ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Beneš, Jan (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to analyse the development of the NATO's normative perception and thinking over the nuclear weapons and the nuclear sharing concept. While the nuclear sharing lays in the main area of the interest of this thesis, the approach towards the nuclear weapons itself is the inseparable component of this research. This thesis is divided into three main chapters. The chapter one explains the historical position of the nuclear weapons in the NATO thinking and the history of the nuclear sharing in relation to the NPT. It also introduces the basic theoretical debate and definition of the concept. The chapter two explains the chosen methodological framework, describes the set of analysed documents and sets rules for the coding of those documents. For the purposes of this analysis, I decided to use the methodological framework of the content analysis, which is created through the content analysis software NVivo 12. It is followed by the chapter three which is visualising and explaining the results of the content analysis created following the script already described in the chapter two.
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NATO-Russia Relationship after the Annexing of Crimea from Nuclear Weapons Perspective
Flajšhans, Ludvík ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The aim of this work is to determine the influence of nuclear weapons possession in 1) Russia's foreign policy in the Ukraine crisis, 2) relations between NATO and Russia. For this purpose the work monitors the development of NATO - Russia relations from the Budapest memorandum until present. The work also creates typology of russian signalling activities based on the theoretical basis of the nuclear deterrence conceptions and especially on the models of crisis signalling, which is closely linked to these conceptions. After monitoring these activities the work concludes that Russia is indeed using threats of nuclear weapons employment in the framework of it's attitude towards Ukraine crisis and also the intensity of signalling shows similar development as the relations with NATO.
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The Military component of the Counterrevolution - Egypt case- The root causes of the deep-state and its military hardcore counterattack against Egypt uprising.
Saad, Mohamed ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
In the course of time, the Egyptian army has developed a complicated network of economic interests as a privileged establishment, and independent from civilian oversight or political surveillance. This dissertation argues that; the well-established and long lasting independent economic interests may turn the military establishment to an independent stakeholder and closed, conservative group within the society seeks to preserve its own privileges by controlling over the political power and resist any external oversight including the democratic reforms that may create a threat to these privileges. Such military establishment is a direct threat to any democratic transition. In this case, the armies securitize the political sphere raising the democratic reforms as foreign conspiracy and an existential threat to its privileges and raise the nationalism and xenophobic rhetoric as it needs to create a political justification for their security practices that aim to crush the opposition and secure the political power. I suppose that the Egyptian case shows causal relations between the economic interests of the military establishment and the nationalism as a dominant ideology. Such military is leaning to not only control the political power, but it aims to militarize the societal values and control over the...
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A motivation of the Czech alternative and revisionist media to the revisionis activity
Merc, Jakub ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
According to the annual report of the BIS from 2017, Czech republic is a target of Russian hybrid strategy. Alternative and disinformation media can be one part of this strategy, because of their spreading of propaganda and disinformation, which jeopardize strategic interests of the Czech republic. This diploma thesis has two main aims in this framework. The first aim is a description of the czech alternative and disinformation media scene in the context of Russian hybrid strategy. The second aim is to recognize motivations, which lead to this kind of revisionist activities. The first aim is based on the analysis of particular disinformation media in the context of information about Russian hybrid strategy and Russian strategic interests. The second aim is based on semi-structured interwievs with representatives of alternative media.
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Police Democratization in the Countries of the Visegrad Group
Červ, Filip ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Stejskal, Libor (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the democratisation of the police in the four post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe - the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland. The interest of the thesis is focused on the transformation of the regular police with regard to the personnel issue. Using the theories of transition three hypotheses are verified. The first one presupposes that the police are the pillar of a nondemocratic regime and the transition to democracy takes a long time in this institution. The other considers the police to be the reflection of society, so its transition is not different from the rest of society and state institutions. The last of the hypotheses says that the police are too important and it is the priority of the new regime to make its quick transformation. At the time of transition to democracy, there is a change in leadership, verification of police officers, the dismissal of compromised individuals, the appointment of new senior policemen, and the recruitment of the rest of the police force. The perspective of personnel changes is thus an appropriate indicator of the events that the police have undergone in connection with the transformation of the country. Despite a number of different factors and processes, an analysis of the democratisation of the four...
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