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Selected psychological aspects of adolescence and early adulthood in persons with acquired physical disability (with a focus on quadruplegia and paraplegia)
Lindenthalová, Tereza ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the psychological aspects of adolescence and early adulthood in persons with acquired physical disabilities, focusing on paraplegia and quadruplegia. There are many psychological aspects that are related to the acquired spinal lesion of adolescents and early adulthood. This work focuses only on some of them. Based on the study of foreign and Czech researches, studies and latest findings, selected areas such as coping strategies used by young paraplegics and quadruplegics, their life satisfaction and the impact of their participation in society for overall adaptation to injuries are described. There are also mentioned the barriers that stand on the path of an individual with a disability to integrate into society. The thesis deals with disability as a difficult life situation and as a challenge. In the practical part, we are dealing with a proposal of research focused on adolescent girls with acquired paraplegia and quadruplegia. The subject of research will be the quality of life of these girls in relation to different variables. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Criteria for Selection of the First Sexual Partner in Adolescents
Lexová, Eliška ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the criteria that influence the choice of the first sexual partner in adolescence. The work focuses on the sexuality of adolescents and the beginning of sexual life due to their psychosexual development. In addition, the paper deals with the question of what is involved in the formation of sexuality in this period, the way in which the original family, sexual education, the media or peers are involved. The thesis also discusses various influential partner selection theories that may be related to the choice of the first sexual partner. The empirical part handle the design of a research project, which focuses on how adolescents choose their first sexual partner. It also deals with the different circumstances of sexual debut that will help us make a preview of the whole issue. Keywords adolescence, sexuality, sexual debut, choice criteria
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Depression and postraumatic stress disorder as a consequence of the domestic violence
Pšák, Adam ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Trojanová, Hana (referee)
Bachelor work is focused on the current phenomenon of the domestic violence. It informs the reader on its specifics and characteristic development with its forms, be it any kind of violence that is being used in the intimate relationship. The work introduces the variety in which the domestic violence can occur. It introduces the "cycle of domestic violence", that can be a good marker whether we are dealing with domestic violence or intimate partner violence. Next task of this work is to define the concept of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in the context of domestic violence, but to point out the symptoms of either of the two disorders. Last goal of the first part of this bachelor work is to offer selected interventions, with mainly focusing on short intervention, to introduce them, present the aims of these interventions and compare their positives and negatives. The second part of this bachelor work offers a potential research that would focus on comparing the victims of domestic violence and partners that live in the conflict relationships. The aim of the research is to attempt to find potential threats in the form of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in the case of victims of domestic violence and those who have ended a conflict relationship.
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Resilience in children exposed to domestic violence and its enhancement in selected therapeutic approaches
Heřmánková, Zlata ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Trojanová, Hana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce the topic of children exposed to domestic violence. First, it defines the phenomenon of domestic violence and briefly describes its types and possible development. Second, it enables its readers to look into the topic of children exposed to domestic violence, with the primary focus on various forms of exposure and its possible consequences. Third, it presents the phenomenon of resilience and its specifics in children exposed to domestic violence. Eventually, it expands on selected therapeutic approaches being used in treatment of these children with the emphasis on resilience enhancement. It elaborates on practice in the Czech republic. The empirical part of the thesis presents a quantitative research proposal regarding resilience enhancement within therapy in children exposed do domestic violence. Keywords domestic violence, children, resilience, therapy
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Selected Psychological Aspects of Racism
Medková, Emilie ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Vranka, Marek (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on selected psychological aspects of racism. In the introduction, I define basic concepts of the problem and I present wider context of psychology of racism. The main focus of the thesis is put on psychological forms of racism, racist attitudes, stereotypes and prejudices and their measurement. An important part also deals with psychological roots of racism and psychological theories that explain racism. The next chapter is focused on the specifics of adolescence in the context of racism. The research part is an explicit and implicit measurement of the attitudes of adolescents towards ethnic or national minorities that play animportan role in the Czech Republic. 404 high school students participated in the research. In addition to the results of the individual parts of the research, it is also beneficial the correlation of the methods and the comparison with the previous studies, which indicates the complexity of the problem.
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Opportunities of therapeutic and psychosocial interventions with juvenile criminal offenders during serving their sentence in prison facility
Faberová, Karolína ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
Bachelor thesis focuses on mapping intervention programs designed for juvenile criminal offenders while serving their sentence in prison. The first part of the thesis, the literary review, aims to describe various psychosocial contexts of the adolescent development period focusing mainly on risk factors associated with family and peer group. We also deal with risk behaviors in adolescence, such as manifestations of aggression and delinquent or criminal behavior. Furthermore, we present selected intervention and therapeutic programs that emphasize social interaction, dealing with impulsive and aggressive manifestations, and also responsibility for their actions and the criminal offence. Moreover, risk factors which might be successfully targeted by appropriate interventions are outlined in this part of the thesis. Subsequently, a research project theoretically related to the literary review is proposed. The proposed research project focuses on behavioral change and the development of social skills of juvenile criminal offenders as a result of an intervention program aimed at this particular group.
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Possible working mehods and interventions for non-imprisoned juvenile delinquents
Růžičková, Linda ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Trojanová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on possible working methods and interventions for non-imprisoned juvenile delinquents. The part of the literature review summarizes current knowledge on this issue.The current situation of juvenile delinquency and an area of legislation are also mentioned as well as possibilities of residential placement facilities and differences in needs compared to the general population of adolescents. The core part of the thesis focuses on the current options of working methods with children for a purpose the most effective resocialization and minimizing recidivism. The thesis also contains the project of research, which is thematically linked to the literature review. It is quantitative research focused on exploration of interventions effect on one of the human characteristics, which is important in the process of behavior, on the locus of control. Key words: juvenile delinquents interventions, institutional care, correctional care, juvenile offenders recidivism, locus of control
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Frustration tolerance in adolescents with addiction
Plachá, Jana ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out how do adolescents using addictive substances cope with everyday stress and whether their answers differ from the ordinary population of their peers. For this purpose, the Czech version of Rosenzweig's picture frustration test (C-W) was used. The theoretical part summarizes our knowledge about frustration and possible manifestations of reactions to frustrationand it places this phenomenon into a terminological and theoretical framework. It also deals with adolescence from the point of view of potential stress situations and presents possible adolescents' responses to these circumstances. Finally, this part describes possible causes and manifestations of addiction in adolescents. The aim of the practical part is to present how the responses of 40 adolescent users of psychoactive substances to common frustrating situations compare with ones of the normal peer population. The results of the survey from the point of view of the direction of aggression show that drug-using adolescents most often blame their social surrounding for the frustrating situation or expect a solution to come from their surrounding. More often they choose a self-accusatory reaction rather than trying to get over the frustration or to avoid aggression. From the point of view of the...
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Current Mother-Child Relationship and Memories of Mother from Childhood and Adolescence for Juvenile Delinquents Boys
Miechová, Michaela ; Čáp, David (referee) ; Šturma, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis was find out how juvenile delinquents actually perceive their relationship with mother and what memories of their mothers are able to remember. The theoretical section firstly characterized psychological aspects of mother-child relationship. Secondly describes characteristics of adolescents problems with behaviour. Finally represent what autobiographical memory is and how we create a memories. The empirical part aims to find possible common features between the currently emotional perception of the mother-child relationship and the emotional tone of memories of her. For these research was used primarily quantitative methods. This study comprised the response of 50 juvenile convicts from prison Heřmanice. Keywords: the relationship between mother and child, problematic behavior, juvenile convictions, autobiographical memory, memories.
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