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Trust in Political Institutions in the Czech Republic
Čermák, Daniel ; Kostelecký, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee) ; Müller, Karel (referee)
The aim of the PhD dissertation is to research political trust, specifically to describe trends in political trust and to identify factors which are related to reported trust. Political trust is vertical trust oriented to selected political institutions which are grounded in the Constitution of the Czech Republic. Following political institutions are analyzed in this study: the Government of the Czech Republic, the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate, regional councils and municipal councils. Life-time learning model proposed by Mishler and Rose, which combines cultural and institutional approaches to explanation of trust in political institutions, is used as a theoretical framework in this study. All conducted analyses make use of data from surveys carried out by CVVM and other departments of the Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The key finding of the study is the fact that the level of trust in political institutions is mainly determined by factors associated with 1) institutional performance which is related to political situation and the perception of own economic situation or the economic situation of the state; 2) party preferences (presence of so called "the winner effect"). The level of trust in political institutions on national, regional, and local...
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Life values of the Czech society using Schwartz Value Inventory
Podsedníková, Klára ; Hamplová, Dana (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of measuring society-wide values according to the theory and method designed by Shalom Schwartz. The concept of values and its place in sociology is introduced, the development of Schwartz' theory and method is outlined and its varieties presented. Using the Portrait Value Survey Method, which is based on the data from the European Social Survey, the values of the Czech society are measured. This is carried out by the means of correlation and regression analyses of ten basic values with chosen descriptive variables - age, gender, education and political orientation. The results of the study does not show any significant deviations from the anticipated outcome, the values are quite traditional especially in connection with the gender and age differentiation. The values of individuals change in time and are dependent on the above mentioned factors.
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English translation counterparts of Czech relative clauses
Sedláčková, Markéta ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Dušková, Libuše (referee)
The thesis studies authentic English translation counterparts of the Czech relative clauses with the relative in nominative with the objective to describe realization forms of this modifier, which uses nonfinite clauses on a larger scale. In addition, English signals restrictive function of the modifiers with a comma, Czech does not do so. The theoretical part deals separately with English and Czech syntactic relations, modification, and related topics. It sums up main differences and similarities perceived as the consequence of the differences between analytical-nominal character of English, and flective-verbal character of Czech. The study proceeds from general to more detailed, i. e. from the syntactic relations to the non-obligatory process of the modification of the noun. Next, the characterisitics of nominal phrase constituents is described, emphasising the relative clause. However, English part is more focused on the non-finite modifiers, as is supposed that their presence in the data will be denser. Hence, there are separate sections speaking about -ing participle, -ed participle, infinitive, adjectives, prepositional phrase, and apposition. The excerption results show that the relative clause may be translated into preposed adjectives and other types of finite dependent clauses. As the next topic,...
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Political endeavours of identitarian movements
Jarolím, Lukáš ; Sedláčková, Markéta (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
Political endeavours of identitarian movements Abstract: Aim of this thesis is defining and analyzing identitarian movements via explorative approach. Identitarian movements are school of thought and authors, who are bound together by common enemy and common political goals. They do have political ambitions, but were not yet capable of making important changes. With the help of contextual theories and analysis of movements strategy this thesis will explore if identitarian movemenst are capable of political succes and why do they struggle in doing so.
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Role of trust in a democratic system
Sedláčková, Markéta ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Marada, Radim (referee) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
The need to understand the ongoing process of democratization has led to the revival of interest in the topics such as legitimacy of the democratic regimes, the creation of political culture and inevitably also in the question of the role of trust in these processes. These topics will be closely examined in this work. In the first - theoretical - section we introduce the evolution of the concept of trust, its various definitions and categorization. The concept of social capital, which is often linked to the to pic of trust, will be also addressed in this chapter. A special attention will be paid to the paradigm of so-called collective social capital (Putnam, Halpem, Fukuyama), which focuses on the relationship oftrust and democracy. The second part of the thesis maps theoretical work on trust and democracy, paying special attention to the arguments of culturalists and institucionalists. When we talk of the role that trust plays in a given democratic system, we use three basic channels of their relationship: legitimacy, social trust and trust in institutions. Legitimacy in a given govemment and its institutions - a form of systemic trust - is considered to be the key founding block of the democratic system. Based on divergent theories we continue the debate to what extent, and if at all, is legitimacy...
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Role of trust in a democratic system
Sedláčková, Markéta ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Marada, Radim (referee) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
The need to understand the ongoing process of democratization has led to the revival of interest in the topics such as legitimacy of the democratic regimes, the creation of political culture and inevitably also in the question of the role of trust in these processes. These topics will be closely examined in this work. In the first - theoretical - section we introduce the evolution of the concept of trust, its various definitions and categorization. The concept of social capital, which is often linked to the to pic of trust, will be also addressed in this chapter. A special attention will be paid to the paradigm of so-called collective social capital (Putnam, Halpem, Fukuyama), which focuses on the relationship oftrust and democracy. The second part of the thesis maps theoretical work on trust and democracy, paying special attention to the arguments of culturalists and institucionalists. When we talk of the role that trust plays in a given democratic system, we use three basic channels of their relationship: legitimacy, social trust and trust in institutions. Legitimacy in a given govemment and its institutions - a form of systemic trust - is considered to be the key founding block of the democratic system. Based on divergent theories we continue the debate to what extent, and if at all, is legitimacy...
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Religion and spirituality in contemporary society
Zelenka, Martin ; Duffková, Jana (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee)
Tato práce se bude zabývat stavem náboženské sféry v dnešní době. Cílem bude prozkoumat, popsat a zanalyzovat náboženství a duchovnost v kontextu s některými nejvýraznějšími charakteristikami současné společnosti. Sociologie náboženství, vědní disciplína, která ještě před několika málo desítkami let byla na okraji odborného zájmu, je na vzestupu. Zatímco v 60. a 70. letech dvacátého století si jen málokdo troufal předpovídat náboženstvím světlou budoucnost, řada událostí či úkazů, které se vyskytly na konci 20. nebo začátku 21. století, nás nutí tyto předpovědi přehodnotit. Mezi fenomény, jež výrazně ovlivnily tvář dnešního světa, patří zejména návrat náboženství do veřejné sféry, přičemž nejrazantněji a pro mnohé nejneočekávaněji tak činí fundamentalistická hnutí. Výrazně se také zvětšuje obliba tzv. individuální duchovnosti a všude na světě vznikají nová a nová náboženská hnutí, z nichž některá navazují na staré velké náboženské tradice, zatímco jiná jsou více inovativní. Některá tradiční náboženství sice ztrácí svůj vliv ve svých původních baštách (např. křesťanství v Evropě), nabývají však neobvyklého globálního rozsahu.
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Luigi Pirandello: humor in his novel Il Fu Mattia Pascal
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Markéta
This thesis deals with an italian writer Luigi Pirandello and with one of his most famous novel: Il fu Mattia Pascal. The main aim is to find the examples of Pirandellos humour in this novel and to prove, that the novel is rightly called one of his first humour compositions. At the beginning of the thesis I introduce the writer and his works generally. Than I focus on his essay LUmorismo, which is important for analysis of the novel. In this essay Pirandello summarized the concept of his conception of humour. On the basis of the essay I analyse the novel.
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