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Evaluation of High School practical courses
Chudomelová, Iva ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Janštová, Vanda (referee)
Science courses, as biology, chemistry and physics, constitute significant real subjects it is necessary to rely mainly on experiments and observations. In other words, the practical training is the hallmark of science. Practical training has a positive effect on increasing the attractiveness of individual objects, but in meaning of cognitive function is still debated its merits. What stand the laboratory work for the teachers, as a mediator of the teaching process? Research shows that the practical training teachers perceived positively mainly because of the perfect linking theory with practice, the lower the number of pupils and their proactive approach in teaching. Negatively seems time consuming, consisting mainly of fetch and training material. Keywords: biology education and science courses, lab courses, school laboratory, time allocated to science practices
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Inovation in influenza vaccines
Satoriová, Martina ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Motlová, Lucia (referee)
Influenza viruses annually infect 3 to 5 millions of people worldwide, cause annually many hospitalizations, 250 000-500 000 deaths and significant economical losses. The vaccines still remain the most efficient way of prevention of this infectious disease. Conventional egg- based vaccines are used for more than 60 years. Although they are safe, they have many disadvantages. Their main disadvantage is the relatively low effectiveness and time-limited induced immunity. The need for annually updates of their composition due to an antigenic variability of viral surface proteins can be considered a disadvantage as well. What is more, the dependence on an egg suply and a way too long time of preparation might be limiting in the case of pandemic. The development of an universal vaccine that would induce a broad imunne response against different strains of Influenza and longlasting protection is a worldwide priority.
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Genetically modified plants in relation to solving the issue of global climate changes
Nedělová, Jana ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (referee)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis summarizes basic facts related to the global climate change and provides up-to-date knowledge on the issue of genetically modified plants more resistant to stress factors of environment, including specific examples of strategies regarding preparation of genetically modified plants resistant particularly to abiotic stress. Although genetically modified plants and global climate changes belong to very important and current issue which public and foremost young generation should be sufficiently aware of, contemporary biology books and high school framework educational program pay to the issue very little attention. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is not only to summarize the basic facts and current knowledge regarding this issue but mainly to handle the issue in didactic level in the form of activating learning tasks. There were 28 learning tasks created in the thesis that gradually in unconventional way familiarize students with the issue of genetically modified plants and with the impacts of climate changes. Students must actively acquire information from accompanying materials to address the tasks properly, think critically over them, utilizing acquired knowledge and experience from the past to some extent. Fourteen tasks were chosen from the file created which...
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Fish Rhabdoviruses and its prevention
Satoriová, Martina ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Novák, Josef (referee)
The rise of aquaculture has been one of the most significant changes in global food production over the last 100 years. Driven by rising demand for seafood, the growth of population, the farming of aquatic animals has expanded rapidly to become a major global industry. A number of aquatic animal species is kept in high densities in freshwater, brackish and marine systems where they are exposed to a new environment and potentially new diseases. On-farm stresses may negatively affect their ability to defeat infection. Impefect farming practices often facilitate fast transmission of disease. Viral pathogens, whether they have been known for decades or whether they are newly emerging, are particularly challenging since there are few, if any, efficacious treatments. The development of effective viral vaccines for delivery in aquatic systems still remains almost elusive. This thesis reviews a few of the more significant Rhabdoviral pathogens of finfish, their impacts, their prevention and the protective immune mechanisms that fish mount in response to rhabdovirus infections.
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Towards Evaluation Literacy Education On High-School
Kuchová-Breburdová, Hana ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Lhotský, Josef (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to determine whether students planning to také the high school-leaving examination from biology have a better understanding of evolution in comparison to those taking the examination from a different subject. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire having been completed at six Czech and seven Slovenian high schools over a period of two years. The thesis proved that students taking the school-leaving examination from biology have better knowledge of evolution. The thesis also maps the evolution association of high school students and makes a comparison between the quality of evolution literacy in the Czech Republic and in Slovenia.
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Evaluation of High school biology classes and proportion of practical courses
Chudomelová, Iva ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Janštová, Vanda (referee)
Science courses, as biology, chemistry and physics, constitute significant real subjects it is necessary to rely mainly on experiments and observations. In other words, the practical training is the hallmark of science. Practical training has a positive effect on increasing the attractiveness of individual objects, but in meaning of cognitive function is still debated its merits. What stand the laboratory work for the teachers, as a mediator of the teaching process? Research shows that the practical training teachers perceived positively mainly because of the perfect linking theory with practice, the lower the number of pupils and their proactive approach in teaching. Negatively seems time consuming, consisting mainly of get and preparation the material. Keywords: biology education and science courses, lab courses, school laboratory, time allocated to science practices
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Analysis of sex education lessons on schools in Liberec region
Buriánková, Lucie ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Šolc, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused to the analysis of sexual education on high schools in Liberec region. The most part of the diploma thesis is composed by the questionnaire survey which was perfomed on two comprehensive schools, two secondary schools and two vocational schools. The research attended the students of the third school classes only (18-19 years old). The questionnaire survey was focused to the students knowledge and attitude towards the sexual education. I have defined 9 hypothesis based on the research which were statistically analyzed after that. It appears that the students of comprehensive schools have better knowledges than the students from other secondary/vocational schools and that the knowledges are different among the boys and girls. The congizance of sexual education generally appear as good. The teachers paying attention to this topic during the lessons because they consider the theme important as well as the students. On the other hand the survey revealed that the students did not learn any news during the school lessons in this respect which they know more likely from the Internet. It shows importance to integrate the sexual lessons to the primary schools rather that. Key words: sexual education, contraception, sexually transmitted infection, questionnaire survey.
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Characterization of immune responses to human polyomavirus MCPyV.
Vochozková, Petra ; Šroller, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (referee)
Characterization of immune responses to human polyomavirus MCPyV There have been considerable increase in number of known human polyomaviruses in recent years; currently we register twelve of them. Presumably, majority of human polyomaviruses cause lifelong persistent infection. Primary infection is usually asymptomatic and is followed by appearance of antibodies specific to polyomavirus capsid. Polyomaviruses can cause complication especially in immunocompromised people. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is linked to development o of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Although this skin tumor is very rare, MCPyV infection is very common. Most of the human population exhibit MCPyV-specific antibodies in serum. MCPyV specific antibodies are detected in patients with MCC and their level is generally higher than in healthy individuals. MCC occurs more often in immunosuppressed individuals. It appears that protection of antibodies against tumor formation is not sufficient and the development of the tumor could be rather under the control of cellular immunity. In this study, we have prepared plasmids for production of major capsid protein VP1 and detection of antibodies specific to MCPyV capsids. Mice immunized with DNA vaccine expressing VP1 protein produced VP1 specific antibodies in serum. From insect cells infected...
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Proteasomes and DNA virus infection
Vinšová, Barbora ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Motlová, Lucia (referee)
The development of virus infection depends on virus - host interactions. Millions of years of ongoing virus - host coevolution led to formation of many antiviral defense mechanisms as same as virus evasion strategies. Viruses have learned to intervene in the various cellular processes, modify it and take advantage of particular cellular components. One of those cellular components widely utilised by viruses is the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Proteasomes are multisubunit protein structures that under normal conditions provide degradation of damaged, missfolded or redundant cellular proteins. With their function proteasomes contribute to regulation of various cellular processes and maintain balance of proteins ratio. Viruses utilise those structures for protein degradation in order to evade host immunity system and deregulate cell cycle, to entry and unpacking of virions or in order to favor virus replication. This thesis is conceived to briefly summarize interactions of cellular ubiquitin-proteasome system and DNA viruses.
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Immunity and polyomaviruses
Janovec, Václav ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Belovičová, Martina (referee)
Human polyomaviruses JC and BK belongs to the group of small non-enveloped DNA viruses, and are widespread in the human population. After usually asymptomatic primary infection subsequently persist throughout life in the body in a state of persistence. Thus, this thesis aims to summarize present knowledge concerning the involvement of immune mechanisms involved in immune surveillance against persistent JC and BK viruses. The published findings show that the immune surveillance against human polyomaviruses is a very complex process where an important factor is the involvement and cooperation of non-specific and specific immune defense. Long-term immune surveillance against persistent viruses is mainly mediated by specific T lymphocytes. If this immune surveillance disrupted, it can lead to reactivation of the virus. The change in cytokine environment and the genetic makeup of an individual are another important factors in cases of reactivation. The two human polyomaviruses were developed mechanisms that allow them seemed to partially escape immune surveillance. It also raises the question whether this immune escape contribute to induce tumorigenesis.
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