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Reading problems of the hearing impaired people
Žbánková, Markéta ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee) ; Hádková, Kateřina (advisor)
"Mnozí rodiče neslyšících dětí v předškolním věku vkládají velké naděje ve výuku čtení. Domnívají se, že jen co se jejich dítě naučí číst, bude po starostech. Bohužel tomu tak není" (Červenková, 1999, s. 7). Tito rodiče se setkávají s jedním z největších problémů, na který narazí naprostá většina všech odborníků pracujících a zejména učících neslyšící děti, kterou je skutečnost, že tyto děti se nemohou učit číst jako děti slyšící, jelikož proces čtení u nich probíhá odlišně. I přesto, že neslyšící děti začínají se čtením dříve než ostatní, přečíst delší slovo nebo jednoduchou větu jim trvá mnohem déle. Přečíst a porozumět delšímu souvětí se může pro neslyšícího stát nedosažitelným cílem. Při výuce čtení často není zohledněn fakt, že čeština je pro neslyšící druhým cizím jazykem a jejich obtíže, i při snaze naučit se číst, ještě narůstají. Protože písmo a psaný text je důležitým pojítkem mezi jedincem a okolním světem, je nutnost naučit neslyšící děti číst velice důležitá nejen pro značné zmírnění komunikačních bariér, které neslyšící v každodenním životě musí překonávat, ale též i pro zvýšení jejich sebevědomí a usnadnění jejich seberealizace v dnešním světě. Ve své závěrečné práci se pokouším zabývat všemi aspekty odlišností ve čtení dětí neslyšících oproti slyšícím, rozebrat nejčastější problémy, které se...
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Special educational intervention in children with post poned beginning of compulsory school attendance
Nástrahová, Eva ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee) ; Strnadová, Iva (advisor)
In my observation, I tried to capture the behavior of individual activities and skills preschool child's preparation for entry into first grade of primary school. Key activities I've recorded. Of course, I did not state all the exercises and games to develop skills. Games, exercises and ideas is a great amount. I said here only examples favorite, which enters more into common action. Observing the two boys I have confirmed several important findings. The first observation is that every child is really individuality from an early age. Some qualities and skills can not be changed, unfortunately, even though it would benefit the child. The child must take what is this with all its individuals. The second finding confirmed for me that very much depends on the immediate surroundings and, in particular family, the child grows. The child has a chance to develop their skills, which his family and surroundings will allow. Although teachers often try to act according to their best conscience, based on pedagogical skills that allow them to operate on the child's education, they often exposure is not enough. The third finding, it is never too late to start with the person who needs it. Just know when and how to get started. In conclusion I would like to say about this: "Sometimes it happens that deficiencies in...
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Possibilities of special-educational intervention for university students with visual impairment
Bartoňová, Tereza ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee) ; Květoňová, Lea (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce sc zabývá možnostmi podpory vysokoškolských studentů se zrakovým postižením. Mohlo by se na první pohled zdát, že tato podpora již nemá ve vysokoškolském studiu místo. Nejsou žádné instituce podobné speciálně pedagogickým centrům, či pedagogicko-psychologickým poradnám, přesto však je potřeba při studiu jedince s handicapem na speciální podporu myslet a poskytovat ji. V případě studentů vysokých škol již nepůjde o individuálně vzdělávací plány pro učitele, ani není zapotřebí dohlížet, aby jedinec včas navštěvoval svého specialistu z oboru medicíny, ale je potřeba zajistit vhodné kompenzační pomůcky, upravovat studijní prostředí, přizpůsobovat průběh a formu zkoušek. Diplomová práce má pět částí, každá je rozdělena na jednotlivé kapitoly. V první části se práce zabývá vývojem jedince v období adolescence a mladé dospělosti (věk 15 až 26 let). Je zde popsán jak vývoj jedince bez handicapu, tak vývoj jedince s těžkou vadou zraku, který má svá specifika. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Possibilities of special educational support of olfactory perception in people with visual impairment based on olfactory examination
Šumníková, Pavlína ; Květoňová, Lea (advisor) ; Vítková, Marie (referee) ; Strnadová, Iva (referee)
Olfactory sense is considered as one of the compensatory senses in the speciál educational practice. The advanced thesis is focused on examination of olfactory sense in people with visual impairment. In order to fulfil the aim of the thesis, the standardized tests of olfactory perception UPS1T and STT were utilized. Furthermore the tested people were asked their subjective perception in using the olfactory sense in everyday life. 154 probands, 77 individuals with visual impairment (45 men and 32 women) and 77 individuals from a control group participated in the research. The condition for people with visual impairment to join the research was determined if the incidence of visual impairment was for longer than five years and the level of visual impairment (according to WHO, 1992) within the category of low vision, blindness and unqualified visual loss. People from the control group were chosen to match the participants with visual impairment in age and sex. One of the applied methods was the critical analyses of professional literature in order to understand the structure of olfactory analysers, the process of transformation in olfactory information, the level of olfactory perception during the development and maturation of individual, and the function of olfactory sense in people with visual impairment...
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Sexuality and relationships of adults with mental disability
Šimáčková, Hana ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee) ; Zemková, Jaroslava (advisor)
The goal of this thesis was to create a manual for education of adults with mild mental disability in the field of sexuality and relationships. The manual is aimed to provide help to emoployees of Skok do života, o.p.s. in Hradec Králové. First part is focused on theoretical clarification of terms such as mental retardation, adulthood, sexuality or relationships. This part also tries to gather theoretical resources for education of adults with mental disability. The second part of this thesis presents the Manual for education of adults with mild mental disability in the field of sexuality and relationships. This document is based on a long-term participative observation of a group during realization of education in the field of sexuality and relationships. Keywords: mental retardation, education of adults, sexuality and relationships, manual.
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Possibles of Alterations in Interior Layout of Facilities for Preschool education of Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Buršíková, Alena ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee) ; Strnadová, Iva (advisor)
Aims of this study are possible alterations in interior layout, fittings and furnishings of buildings designed for pre-school education of children with autistic spectrum disorder. My first goal is to compare theoretical knowledge and practical experience gained during my visits to kindergartens in Prague, Czech Republic and Edinburgh, Scotland. From this survey 1 aim to define principles for effective alterations. Objective of the second part is to set examples of practical use of defined principles. These will be shown both by specific comments and design proposals for existing educational spaces and by suggesting an ideal layout, fittings and furnishings in my own sketch-project.
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Games and aids for gravely visually handicapped children and their seeing coevals
Pišlová, Kristýna ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee) ; Květoňová, Lea (advisor)
Dissertation "Games and aids for gravely visually handicapped children and their seeing coevals" have four parts. The first part is occupied with theory of plays, the second one deal with didactics, compensatory and those aids, which are appointed to plays. The third chapter engages in production of tactile games, books and aids. The topics are materials, that can be used, and things which should be avoided. The fourth part includes illustrations of concrete games, books and aids which are suitable for gravely visually handicapped children and their seeing coevals. The crucial fact is that not a single side is advantaged. This part describes commonly made games which could be used without any editing or with slight editing. There are also placed famous party games, books and aids, which are inevitable to be completely made in as follows special edition. This part contains also games and aids primarily developed for gravely visually handicapped children. But also this games and aids can be used by intact children and all people who play with gravely visually handicapped.
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