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From mass party to catch-all party?
Pravda, Petr ; Polášek, Martin (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
This thesis concerns the Czechoslovak Social Democracy in the 1930's and 1940's. Its aim is to investigate whether the Social Democratic Party in the Third Republic moved from a mass party towards being a catch-all party. It investigates whether the move was in line with Otto Kirchheimer's theory. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is theoretically orientated. It analyzes how and why there was a move from a mass party towards a catch-all party. It also contains in which areas the change occured and how it occured. The second part focuses on whether the Social Democratic Party in the First Republic can be considered in the typology of political parties as a mass party. There is a conclusion that we can call it a mass party. The third part analyzes if the Social Democratic Party in the Third Republic moved from being a mass party to a catch-all party. The conclusion is that this happened. The final part is dedicated to whether the Social Democratic Party in the Third Republic moved closer to being a catch-all party in line with Otto Kirchheimer's theory. This part concludes that it was in line with this theory.
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Constitutional development and the political system of Czechoslovakia after February 1948
Trnka, Michal ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
This work focuses on constitutional and political development in Czechoslovakia after the coup d'état in February 1948 that performed the Communist Party to gain absolute power. The author examines the nature of the political system immediately after the coup, and the differences between constitutional law and contemporary reality. The author assumes that some establishment not only the constitution but also other laws was just a front for illegal consolidation of a totalitarian regime. First, the work focuses to the period before February 1948, and the aspects that led to the coup, as well as the development of a new constitution, which were not completed before the coup. Second, the February events itself are analyzed with an emphasis on the extent to which took place in accordance with the constitutional order. The period after 1948, when there were illegal consolidation of power by the Communist Party, political purges and radical transformation of society, is analyzed in the following chapters. The author concludes that the future direction of Czechoslovakia was decided soon after the 1945 communist infiltration of the security forces. They also played an important role in the coup itself. While the Communist Party argued that the act of resignation of ministers and complement government was...
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Interpelation in CR in years 1993-2010
Krause, Eva ; Doubek, Vratislav (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
Title: The institute of interpellations in the Czech Republic between the years 1996-2010 Author: Eva Krause Department: Department of Political Science Supervisor: Doc. Vratislav Doubek, Ph.D. Abstract: The central theme of the presented bachelor thesis is one of the control mechanisms of national parliaments - the institute of interpellations. The actual and controversial condition of this institute reflected by experts and lay public was the impulse for devising the study for the proposer. The presented text is the analysis of the institute of interpellations since 1996 till the last parliamentary election in 2010. There has been lower interest in using interpellations by deputies and loss of their usefulness which is evident since 1996. The task of the analysis is to prove and clarify this fact, as well as discover distinct tendencies and changes in practise of interpellations for this period. The author will make a comparison through party political spectrum and expressing the transformation in interactions between government and the parliament, more precisely the deputies of particular political parties. The research will be executed by method of quantitative and qualitative analysis and comparison. The author will use primary sources as well as secondary literature. The assembly papers and...
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The Yugoslav model of socialism as a possible inspiration for economic reforms 60 years of the 20th century in the German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia and Hungary
Uxa, Šimon ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
This dissertation - The Yugoslavian model of Socialism as possible inspiration for economic reforms of the sixties in the German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia and Hungary - deals with the topic of creating certain modifications and specific features of the economic systems within the Eastern Bloc. The so called Yugoslavian experiment, which had developed in the Balcan state from the times of the Soviet-Yugoslavian rift of the late forties of last century, was, in fact, considered to be the only alternative to the predominant, directively centralized Soviet model for several years. It was in the sixties when many Eastern Bloc states, which practically hitherto copied the Soviet economic model, attempted to implement economic reforms which would assisst in eliminating disadvantages of the current economic system, and thus to stabilize and streamline the economic development. It is quite natural that for searching new possibilities and incentives, the Yugoslavian self-governing model represented one of potential inspiring ways how to reform the often nonfunctional economic systems. The main purpose of the dissertation is to show how the planners of economic reforms in the German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia and Hungary recfleted the Yugoslavian model tested in practice, and to which...
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Comparison of Status of Displaced German Inhabitans after the World War II. in German Democratic Republic and Federal Republic of Germany
Rajnišová, Jana ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
The thesis "Comparison of Status of Displaced German Inhabitants after the World War II in German Democratic Republic and Federal Republic of Germany" focuses on status of German inhabitants forcedly displaced from Czechoslovakia. In the first part is concerned with the process of transfer itself, its theoretical background and the development of plans of different actors. Next part covers the process of the displacement and the case of problematic numerical expression of scale of the process. The following chapters analyze the status of displaced German inhabitants on the political, economic and social level in Allied occupied Germany as well in the latter both German's republics. The aim is to compare how divided Germany faced the influx of big amount of new inhabitants. Keywords Displacement, Germany, German democratic republic, Federal republic of Germany, Central Europe, Europe after WWII, forced migration, integration
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Party-based euroscepticism in the scheme of Civic democratic party
Dufek, Filip ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
The aim of this paper is to analyze main approaches in the study of euroscepticism and to categorize them into the definition of Party-based euroscepticism which based on criteria defined to apply the theory to a particular political party. I will prove this in the example of the Civic democratic party. From these observations it will be obvious that euroscepticism in Central and East European countries is typical mainly for right-wing parties. ODS is a typical example of a right-wing euroscepticism political party which can be applied to the theory presented. I will empirically refer to the development of party's attitude in various time periods. As far a s the content itself is considered it is interesting to observe a difference between the party's preferences and the emphasis which supports the euroscepticism approach. Keywords Euroscepticism, European Integration, Party System, Party Politics, Civic Democratic Party
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The Position of the Czechoslovakia Senate in the Political System in the First Republic
Kouřimský, Jan ; Pehr, Michal (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to show the life and functioning of the Senate of the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia. The upper house of the Czechoslovak Parliament functioned between 1920 and 1939 after which it was officially dissolved during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. In the concerned period, the chamber was gradually saw 444 lawmakers of seven different nationalities. The biggest number consisted of Czechs and Germans. The functioning of the Senate is analyzed from multiple angles. First the debate accompanying the establishment of a second chamber before the adoption of the new Constitution in 1920 is analyzed. Attention is also paid to the period debates and unrealized proposals for a Senate reform at the end the 1920's, linked to the proposed creation of the Economic Parliament. Also shown is the proportional representation electoral system used for elections to the Senate. The results were reflected in a large number of political parties with low electoral gains, which in turn hindered the creation of a stable political environment. The thesis considers the party, ethnic, social, intellectual and oratory activities of individual senators. The lives of some of the lawmakers who held seats in the upper chamber in the First Republic and were negatively affected by the German...
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Euroscepticism in KSČM and ODS
Jirota, Tomáš ; Polášek, Martin (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
The thesis aims to analyze and explain nature of Euroscepticism of political parties. The objects of the research are two players of the Czech party system - the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) and the Civic Democratic Party (ODS). The thesis starts with a theoretical part, which summarizes the current debate in political science and Euroscepticism in the context of political parties. The aim of the empirical analysis is based on the verified KSČM and ODS in relation to the party Euroscepticism due to theory of Paul Taggart and Aleks Szczerbiak. The thesis tries to answer the research questions whether KSČM and ODS are truly Eurosceptic and which aspects of Euroscepticism are typical for that parties, as well as how Euroscepticism manifests. Key words: euroscepticism, european integration, ODS, KSČM, European Union
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The film and politics. Propaganda and political agitation in Czech feature film 1948-1956
Bartošová, Simona ; Pehr, Michal (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
Master thesis The film and politics. Propaganda and political agitation in Czech feature film 1948-1956 regards form and range of political, respectively communist ideology in chosen successful Czech feature motion pictures of the above mentioned time period. Investigates how and how far communist ideology influenced the examined films, even e.g. how much open or hidden agitation and propaganda it was. Main question of the thesis is why these films - which are often designated as propagandistic, agitation or at least ideologically tendentious - were so attractive for their viewers at that time. The thesis is theoretically based on supportive literature on history, totalitarianism and Czech film and practically on analysis of particular movies, which are absolutely essential for that time period.
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Dispute over the third resistance
Konopásek, Štěpán ; Slačálek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
Thesis is focused on the analysis of public debate which occured in context of adoption of the Act on anti-communist resistance. In the first part, there is prepared background for the summary chapter about the current state of research in the field of anti-communist resistance and opposition between 1948 and 1989, as well as reminded leading terminological and normative discussions of this issue. The following part is focused on the analysis of the discourses of actors within the dispute over the third resistance. There are examined attitudes of political parties, as well as memory conflict between the 1950s' anti-communist resistance actors and the 1970s and 1980s dissidents. Keywords Czechoslovakia, opposition, resistance, communist regime, Act on anti-communist resistance
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