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Gynecological care and reproductive health in female drug users
Englcová, Barbora ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Backrounds: Usage of addictive substances is a factor which affects the reproductive health of the female users, it affects their risky sexual behavior and fetus healthy development during pregnancy of drug using mothers. Pregnancy also represents a moment in their lifes which affects certain bio-psycho-social aspects forming the beginning of usage of substance abuse. Objectives: The aim of the research was to map a degree and paterns among problem female drug users and changes throughout pregnancy, map the risks of their sexual behavior and quality of their reproductive health, try to find out the availability of gynacology care for female drug users, the amount of care available before, through and after pregnancy. It also includes specific needs and factors affecting reproductive health. Methods and research group: A questionnaire survey of 25 problem female users based on consultations with them, all of them giving birth at least once, was carried out. The study took place at K-center Sananim, using a Field program Progressive, o.s. and around this facility and the place of field program using the "snow ball method". The questionnaire included 164 items in the following parts "Sociodemographic data", "Drug Use", "Risky sexual behavior and reproductive health", "Gynecologic care and barriers to...
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Social environment as a risk factor for betting addiction development in athletes in out-patient treatment for gamblers
Horáková, Dita ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Sociální prostředí jako rizikový faktor pro kurzovém sázení u sportovců léčících se v ambulanci pro gamblery zaměřuje na tři životní období klientů Poradny pro nelátkové závislosti Prevent. Obecně je problematika hazardního hraní v ČR velice aktuální téma. S regulací heren a novou ČR vystupuje do popředí problematika kurzového sázení. V 14 došlo k nárůstu podílu populace, která má zkušenosti s hazardní hrou. Nejvyšší nárůst (Mravčík et al., 2018) Cílem této práce je zmapovat a popsat sociální faktory, které měli přímý vliv na vznik a rozvoj závislosti na kurzovém sázení u sportovců léčících se v ambulantní léčbě. Práce se zaměřuje na tři životní období respondentů. Prvním zkoumaným životním obdobím období počátků sázení a první zkušenosti s hazardem, druhým životním obdobím je přechod z ní do závislosti a třetí ži respondenti rozhodli jít léčit. U všech třech etap života respondentů jsou mapovány a popsány veškeré sociální vlivy a interakce s Práce je založena na metodě kvalitativního výzkumu a vychází z zakotvené teorie a otevřeného kódování. Pro sběr dat byl použit polostrukturovaný rozhovor, který umožnil flexibilitu při samotné formulaci otázek a jejím případném doplnění dalšími otázkami a tím přesnějším získáním potřebných dat. Výzkumu se zúčastnilo celkem šest respondentů, kteří v té době byli...
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Methamphetamine toxic psychosis from the perspective of a client
Jarmarová, Anna ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis deals with methamphetamine induced psychosis. The theoretical part describes not only the effects of methamphetamine on the mental state of clients, but also defines the concept of methamphetamine induced psychosis. It divides psychoses into endogenous and substance-induced psychosis. It emphasizes the positive and negative symptoms of this disease and interprets a number of studies dealing with neurobiology of toxic psychosis and genetic predisposition. The aim of this work is to describe toxic psychosis among long-term methamphetamine users as they perceive whether the relationship between intensity, regularity of use, and method of application of methamphetamine with toxic psychosis can be established. Whether the client is aware of the course of toxic psychosis and whether the psychotic episode affects the client's intensity of use, or overall abstinence from drugs. The survey was conducted on a sample of 6 users - 3 abstainers and 3 active users. To get qualitative data I chose a combination of several methods, observation, record sheet and semi-structured interview. The conversations were recorded on the recording equipment and the audio recording was further transcribed in MS Word. The systematization of the qualitative data was done by sorting data according to...
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Overuse of psychopharmaceuticals in seniors
Dobrovolná, Kristýna ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Way-outs: The old age may be difficult for some seniors in terms of the biological, psychological and social changes. These changes may be hardly accepted by seniors. The unpleasant states conected with these ganges must be trated with psychopharmaceuticals. Some seniors underestimate correct dosing of psychopharmaceuticals and they adjust the dosage arbitrarily. Objectives: The aim of the research was to describe the patterns of the psychopharmaceuticals usage in the senior age. The intention was to find out which circumstances leaded the people who overuse the psychopharmaceuticals to the overuse of psychoactive drugs, how do they acquire the medication, whether they have been educated in the proper usage of the drugs in advance, whether they buy the non-prescription medications and if they try to stop the overuse or if they intend to stop in the future. The aim of the research was also to highlight this issue and to inform both - the public and the experts that the seniors are a specific group and it is necessery to develop the comprehensive care. Methods: Data collection was realized by using a qualitative method of deliberate selection, using the snowball sampling. The interviews were conducted with ten seniors, including eight women and two men. The interview was semi-structured, it was...
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Preferences of marihuana users: a comparison of results from research in 2015 and 2017
Havlíčková, Veronika ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: Specializace ve zdravotnictví Studijní obor: NMgr. Adiktologie - kombinovaná forma ID oboru: N5345 Bc. Veronika Havlíčková Preference uživatelů marihuany: srovnání výsledků výzkumů z let 2015 a 2017 Preferences of a marijuana user: comparison of research results from 2015 and 2017 Diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: Ing. Jiří Vopravil, Ph.D. Praha, 2018 Abstract Background: Marijuana in Europe among the most widely used drugs. Her popularity among young people is increasing. According to research by the European Monitoring Center for Drugs and drug addiction are among the countries with the highest prevalence of cannabis use in Europe. Previous research does not specify consumption and ways to obtain marijuana on the black market, and do not provide much more information on domestic production. In recent years, widespread use of cannabis products used to treat health problems. Objective: The aim of the research was to determine how to change the preferences of active users of marijuana in the past two years in the event that grow cannabis themselves or cater to the black market. The partial aim was to clarify the data already published in the author's bachelor thesis on cannabis cultivation in different regions, cannabis seed types, cultivation...
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Evaluation of smoking prevalence in patients with Schizophrenia and Depression and the use of ambulance for treatment of tobacco addiction in Bohnice psychiatric hospital.
Havlíková, Petra ; Štěpánková, Lenka (advisor) ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (referee)
Background: The link between psychiatric disorders and smoking is a topic that has only begun the past few years ago. Many studies have shown a high prevalence of smokers among patients with psychiatric disorders which is roughly two or three times higher than in the general population. Despite this phenomenon, the smoking of patients with this diagnosis in the Czech Republic, especially in institutional care, is rather overlooked and often even encouraged. So far, there has been no uniform approach by staff to introduce the necessary, systematic programs, interventions, and smoking cessation training. Staff in these institutions often rely on the belief that these patients are not interested in professional help. Objective: The main objective of the research was to determine the prevalence of smoking in Bohnice Psychiatric Hospital in patients with schizophrenia and depression. The partial objective was to find out whether, and what intervention is provided by staff and what is the interest of patients in quitting smoking. Another aim of the work was to find access of healthcare professionals and patients to smoking cessation intervention in the hospital and then to check the current use of smoking cessation help at Bohnice Psychiatric Hospital. Methodology: A questionnaire survey was conducted...
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Tobacco and cannabis use in clients of low-threshold facilities for adolescents in Prague
Nikodymová, Tereza ; Drbohlavová, Barbora (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Background: Low-threshold facilities for children and youth are a social prevention service that focuses on the children and adolescents. Research shows that clients of low- threshold facilities are often individuals who tend to be at a higher risk. It can be assumed that the prevalence of drug use will be higher for clients of these facilities than in the general school population. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the use of tobacco and cannabis in children and adolescents in some low-threshold facilities in Prague. The study should investigate whether clients of these facilities tend to be more likely to use named addictive substances than children and adolescents from the general population. The data were compared with the ESPAD 2015 study. Methods: A quantitative method of research was used. The questionnaire was inspired by the ESPAD 2015 study questionnaire. Only questions relevant to the research, that were modified by pre-research, were used. The data was then processed by descriptive analysis in Microsoft Excel and converted to tables and graphs. Results: The analysis showed that the lifetime prevalence of tobacco use was 77,3 %, the prevalence of daily tobacco use was 47,4 %. The lifetime prevalence of cannabis use was 52,6 %, prevalence of daily cannabis use was 4,1...
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