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Comparing applied policies and approaches in select U.S. cities in the context of urban crime
Vaculík, Jan ; Dopieralla, Jakub (advisor) ; Tesař, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Comparison of applied policies and approaches in selected American cities in the context of urban crime" will deal with public policies addressing the issue of urban crime in selected American cities. The main part of the work will be an overview of the situation in each city, including the implementation of individual policies in the given urban areas and then their subsequent comparison. Within each city, three topics will be covered. The first will be an outline of history in the context of the issue. The subsequent main part within each city will deal with specific policies and their results. The final part will be devoted to the elaboration of the political context. The objectives of the subsequent comparison will be the results of the strategies across the defined cities, together with the impacts and influence of individual policies on the decline in crime. The comparison will also include an overall comparison of the policies and their implications.
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Nomination of the US Supreme Court Justices as a part of the system of checks and balances
Bielawski, Adam ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Dopieralla, Jakub (referee)
The topic of this thesis is nomination of justices of the Supreme Court, the highest federal court in the United States. The Constitution gives the power to appoint new federal justices to the president, with "advice and consent" of the Senate. This clause is based on one of the primary constitutional principles used in the United States - the system of checks and balances. The first part describes the general aspects of all nominations, from court vacancies to the final vote on Senate floor. The primary roles of the president and the Senate are defined. Focus is also set on the evolution of the nomination process throughout the history, as well as the criteria for selecting new justices, who shape the constitutional development of one of the oldest functioning democracies. The structure of the first part is then applied for a description of the nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh, who was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Donald Trump in 2018. The course of this nomination was strongly affected by sexual assault accusations against the nominee and fierce partisan battles that resulted in the closest confirmation vote in history. The final part applies quantitative research methods to discover the influence of partisan difference between the president and the Senate majority on the...
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Media portrayal of candidates in the 2016 United States presidential election
Šimková, Jana ; Dopieralla, Jakub (advisor) ; Hájek, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of 2016 US presidential election. More specifically, it focuses on media portrait of candidates nominated by the Democratic and Republican parties, ie. Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. It describes their road to becoming nominees and their respective presidential campaigns, explains the history of media bias in the United States and then connects those two topics. It describes specific differences in media coverage of Clinton and Trump during their 2016 presidential campaigns. It also deals with the topic of political polarization and what role do media play in it. The thesis chooses two TV shows with audiences on the opposite sides of a political spectrum as a specific example of what can liberal or conservative bias look like. It tries to answer the question, whether and why is Sean Hannity's conservative bias stronger than liberal bias in the case of Rachel Maddow.The paper concludes that Hannity's show goes beyond bias, demonstrates this fact with examples and therefore answers the research question in the affirmative. A summative approach to qualitative content analysis is used to answer the research question. Research sample consists of 28 episodes of TV shows Hannity and The Rachel Maddow Show, which aired during the last 3 weeks before the election....
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Grenada Invasion: A Contribution to the Development of the Relationship between Great Britain and the USA
Tománek, Michal ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Dopieralla, Jakub (referee)
Bachelor thesis Invaze na Grenadu: Příspěvek k vývoji vztahů mezi Velkou Británií a USA is a historical analysis of the impacts of invasion of Grenada (1983) on development of relationship between Great Britain and the United States of America. The relationship between these two countries is extremely specific that it has earned a particular term special relationship during the World War II. The Thatcher-Reagan era in 1980s is considered as an apex of this relationship. Grenada is a small island country in the Carribean that has gained independence from Great Britain in 1974. However Grenada was still a part of British Commonwealth of Nations with the British Queen still a formal head of state. Experts consider American invasion of Grenada the most critical moment in anglo-american relations of Thatcher-Reagan era. This thesis focuses on the formation a development of the special relationship concept including its historiographic approaches. Also it covers the revolutionary situation of Grenada that led to American invasion and it analyzes the influence of this clash of British and American interests on further functioning of special relationship. This thesis mainly is an analysis of primary literature (such as personal correspondence and speeches of the political leaders) as well as other...
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Third Parties and their programs in the US Political System
Chejn, Tomáš ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Dopieralla, Jakub (referee)
In the thesis we are going to examine phenomenon of american political system, the third parties and their agenda. The United States are a typical example of presidentialism and two-party system therefore the third parties are quite ignored topic. Even though, in some occasions, they are quite capable to stir up the results of presidential elections or to have an effect on the change in agenda of major political parties and, according to annual research by Gallup, 60 % of american citizens are inclined to the idea of strong third party in american politics. In our research we are going to concentrate on five american third parties and their agenda. The research is based on the theoretical approach to american major parties, which are, due to bipartism and first-past-the-post election system, forced to spread extent of their agenda to reach for large voter support in very diverse electorate. Third parties on the other hand are typical with their focus on a specific issue, usually ignored by both major parties. Our hypothesis states, that if third parties want to reach for relevant size of electorate support, their agenda should have, besides the distinctive issue, similar extent as the major parties agenda. Also, if they want to reach for attention of electorate with their distinctive issue, it...
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The Role of the Senate Filibuster in the US Political System
Dopieralla, Jakub ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This thesis deals with legislative obstruction in the United States Senate. It presents the filibuster as one of the key procedural tools in the hands of a legislative minority during the consideration of legislative proposals, presidential nominations and international treaties. At first it presents the main theoretical approaches to the topic and the historical development of Senate procedures. A key theme of the work is the necessity to distinguish between formal and informal provisions that determine how Senate business is conducted, since the formal text of the Standing Rules of the Senate is rutinely bypassed by alternative strategies. The last part of the thesis confronts the existing theoretical approaches with the important procedural changes of the last several years and assesses whether these models are still valid in light of the new Senate procedures.
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The Strategic Defence Initiative Program (SDI) in the Context of the British-American Relationship
Dopieralla, Jakub ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Hudec, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor thesis The Strategic Defence Initiative Program (SDI) in the Context of the British-American Relationship analyses the British view on the strategic defense programme, which was proclaimed in March 1983. It aims to find out whether the development of SDI meant a breaking point for the British- American Relationship, or it merely served as an opportunity to realize the possibilities offered by the relation. After a brief characteristic of the "Special Relationship" and its development since World War II, the main focus is put on the era of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan and their mutual interactions concerning SDI. It describes the journey from the proclamation of SDI through the signing of the participation agreement with Great Britain to the ending of the Cold War and also the factors that influenced the British attitude during this time. The era of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan is generally viewed as a time of peak intensity of the Special Relationship, the best since the times of World War II.
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