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System of national accounts and business cycle
Rybáček, Václav ; Zemplinerová, Alena (advisor) ; Šíma, Josef (referee) ; Ondruš, Vítězslav (referee)
Thesis deals with system of national accounts providing information for economic policy institutions. Relation of the system to economic theory is examined with focus on disposable income. We try to answer the question if SNA follows theory originally used for construction the system or if SNA constitutes separated stream of economic theory. Then, crucial concepts of GDP calculation as definition of economic activity, value added concept or concept of derived demand are discussed. Key problem is the relation of GDP to business cycle anylsis, thus, we use alternative indicator of economic activity for analysis of Czech economy.
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Analysis on Debt Collection Effectiveness
Nosková, Veronika ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with performance of law protection function and a subsequent recoverability in the field of debt collection. The subject of this work is to compare debt collection effectiveness via judicial proceedings and private entities. Exercise of judicial power is one of the basic functions of the State; however, given the knowledge of the low success of the recovery procedure, it is extended to alternative methods of dispute resolution. Private executors focusing on exercising judicial power, debt collection agencies dealing primarily with extrajudicial debt collection and arbitration facilitating extrajudicial dispute resolution by means of independent arbitrators all provide other means of law enforcement. This work focuses on and analysis of the above mentioned systems and comparison of their effectiveness with regard to their efficiency and success when attempting to protect creditors' rights. The aim of the mentioned comparison is to prove a debt collection efficiency increase caused by an entry of private entities into the market (alternative ways of dispute resolution).
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Regulation of truck transport - hours of service
Kameník, Josef ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
Thesis is concerned with one of many regulations which affects cargo truck transport, so-called hours of service. It is restriction related to time of drivers' service. Truck transport means important part of economy as connection between companies or between company and final consumers. Aim of the work is compare regulations in European Union, Canada and USA together with their historical evolution. Differences in regulation are then explained in model transport relations. There are also analyzed individual interested groups which are influenced by these regulations. In final part of the work is looked about pro and con of existing restriction and what are the consequences of observance of the rules or even tightening up the rules.
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BLOOD MARKET - HOW HEALTH SERVICE RELIES ON DONOR´S ALTRUISM
Šálek, Jakub ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Houdek, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issues of the blood donation and the regulation of trade in blood and blood derivatives. It is generally known that the blood taking is in the majority based upon altruism of donors. Society perceives paid blood taking donations as an unethical and an immoral. Besides, paid donations are in violation of a worldwide long term efforts that have been trying to prohibit a monetary remuneration. A related question is whether the unpaid donations can satisfy the increasing demand for blood, and what sort of problems a state regulation bears. The first part of this work provides us a brief historical development of blood transfusion, which is further connected to economic theory and modified to the market in blood; particularly to the theory of price regulation and product (quality). The second part focuses on a comparison of three different markets and discussion of altruism and donations issue.
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Proprietary Communities and Private Provision of Public Goods
Tětek, Josef ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
The fact that public goods exist is often taken as a rationale for government provision of such goods, mostly because of the free rider phenomenon. In the given paper the author challenges this view through theoretical discussion of alternative views on public goods and empirical evidence of private provision of public goods, such as zoning, rule creation and infrastructure development. Private property rights and contracting with communities based on these institutional tools are the main focal point in the research of private provision. Author examines proprietary communities in USA and Czech Republic and shows that private provision of public goods is subject to market demand and this demand is met with supply, given the appropriate institutional context.
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Analysis of smoking restriction methods efficiency
Radošťanová, Iveta ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Houdek, Petr (referee)
Smoking is considered as the single greatest preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. Therefore government is trying to reduce smoking by its interventions. The subject of this work is to examine the effects of governmental interventions in terms of their proclaimed and actual consequences. The criterions for our evaluations will be the impact of the intervention on the public health, state budget and social redistribution. In order to outline the situation more comprehensively we will include also uninteded consequences of governmental activities. This will serve as an additional criterion for governmental intervention evaluation. We have no ambition to find the clearly best method for reduction of smoking behavior. We will attempt to point out that there are several contradictions among proclaimed and actual consequences of governmental interventions.
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Internet Gambling in the USA - regulation and prohibition
Kozák, Jakub ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on comparison of two political approaches to a quite new e-commerce industry -- internet gambling. These approaches are prohibition on the one hand and regulation, free market environment, on the other hand. Internet gambling became the worldwide phenomenon. However, American legislators had passed the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act 2006 in 2006 which outlawed an internet gambling. The declared purpose of this Act is protection of families against ill effects, such money laundering, underage gambling and problem gambling on society. This paper argues that regulation and free market environment established in Great Britain is much more effective way how to solve these key issues. There is demonstrated in the paper that free market stands for economically preferable option and contains better instruments for solving the issues at the same time.
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Private vs. public regulation of doping with focus on anabolic steroids
Petrisko, Lukáš ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
My diploma thesis deals with doping and is specially focused on anabolic steroids. It was written in response to § 288 Criminal code, which newly describes production and other handling with hormonal effect as a delict in order to reduce the number of users, both among proffesional and among recreational sportsmen. It shows that sport federations have enough instruments to be able to face doping and that the newly adopted legal ragulation has a negative impact on human health, which is inconsistent with the reasons for which it was adopted.
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Public financing of squash and badminton
Stupka, Jakub ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Štěpánková, Kateřina (referee)
Public financing of those two sports in Czech Republic is done through Czech squash association and Czech badminton association. Both those organizations are full members of Czech association of sports and also require money from Ministry of education. Those two organizations stand as main sources of finances from the public sources. I will focus on comparison of these two sports. Squash and badminton are very similar considering material, or financial side. Also the expansion of those sports in our country is more or less the same. From this point of wiew, they should also receive similar financial aid for the government. By detailed financial analyses I will try to confront both sports, differ their specifics and find out if the personal question is also playing a role. Probably the only difference between those two sports is the fact, that badminton is olympic sport, which gives it a chance to participate in programs, which are offered especially for sports that take part of the olympics. How much has this fact differ their evolution? I will find out, if badminton took advantage of this to benefit. Ministry of education and Czech sports association assign finance on behalf of certain conditions. The question is, how much these conditions influence the behavior of these associations. Must they adjust to them, or they work with them in complete synthesis and reach their goals. Only from the settings of the individual programs run by Ministry of education and Czech sports association is obvious, that it is almost impossible to satisfy both subjects.
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Effects of state social policy on marriage and family in Czech Republic
Veselá, Kateřina ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Munzi, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis is devoted to effects of social policy on marriage and family in Czech Republic. Significant demografic phenomenon of last 20 years in Czech Republic is rise of extra-marital childbearing. Childbearing outside marriage is especially common in the case of first birth and has become typical of young mothers, the lowest-educated women and the high-unemployment regions. The increasing trend of bachelor mothers was connected with the transformation process and generous social system in 90's of 20th century. Young couples often do not get married and they pretend incomplete family in order to obtain social incomes. Ministry of Labour expected from changes in the state social support system as well as in the formation of living minimum the solution of the problem with purposeful cohabitation. The target of the thesis is to show that couples can profit from the purposeful cohabitation after these changes as well as before and demonstrate how much higher incomes can be and how much more state can pay on social benefits.
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