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Transformations Czech media behavior on the example of "political scandals" 1997-2007
Jílková, Helena ; Trampota, Tomáš (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
The rigorous thesis "Changes in Behaviour of Czech Media in Connection with "Political Scandals" 1997-2007" deals with the occurrence of so-called "mechanisms of scandalization" in media coverage of political affairs. The aim of this piece of work is to find out whether and to what extent the chosen media use these mechanisms and whether there is some recognizable change in their use over the course of time and how this change signifies. The question is to what extent the media are active force in the emergence of scandal, whether "scandalization" has become a common feature of nontabloid Czech press. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Development of Political Party Systems in the Czech Republic and Slovakia after 1989
Schaller, Jennifer ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The transition to democracy and consolidation of democracy in Central and Eastern Europe is a widely debated topic within the study of comparative politics. Nearly twenty years after embarking on the democratization and economic liberalization path, most of these states have emerged with stable and internationally accepted democratic systems. The literature on democratization has identified many different factors that contribute to the success of democracy (its stabilization and consolidation) in post communist states. One of the crucial factors in the development of democracy is institution-building. New democratic states must rapidly and decisively put democratic institutions in place in order to be able to carry out the procedures related to democracy. Institutions include not only the governing bodies, but also political parties, which form the basis of political competition. The development and maintenance of political parties is crucial to newly-formed democracies, and the ability of parties to win elections, survive, and adapt is one important indicator of the successful functioning of democracy. Studies of newly-formed or renewed political parties and political party systems focus on the contexts and conditions for their development, incorporating a variety of variables that account for differences...
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Swiss Federalism
Pláničková, Eva ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
This text discusses some aspects of Swiss federalism. Therefore we firstly give some basic general information about framework of federalism. At the introductory chapter we explain briefly what federalism actually is, and how it differs from other political forms. We come with a statement that federalism is a process, more than a structure - a constant attempt to achieve the balance between the elements of autonomy and participation within a system of usually territorially based member states. Second chapter is dedicated to historical background and circumstances that led to adoption of federal idea in Switzerland. Federalism had been pt into practice because of high level of diversity (language, religious communities) on the territory which disabled to use a system that would apply the same rules for everybody. Federal arrangement was the only acceptable form with the aim to serve as a conflict management tool (the Protestant cantons wanted a more centralized state, the Catholics wanted to preserve the sovereignty of the cantons). All these circumstances led to a formation of a federal state, whose goal was, to balance the cantonal sovereignty and central harmonisation. The cantons agreed to be bound together, as far as the state does not touch their basic autonomy. The institutionalization of cultural...
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Changes of the system of social partnership in Austria and its future perspective
Týmová, Slavomíra ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
The Austrian social and economic partnership is a specific system of co operation between the major economic interest groups, labour unions and between them and the government. Based on close voluntary co-operation between employers, employees and state (government), it constitutes the specifically Austrian manifestation of the system of reconciling interests and ranks Austria high among scales of corporatism in the relevant literature. What diversify the Austrian social partnership and the Austrian form of corporatism (so called Austro-corporatism) is its coverage - practically all areas of economic and social policy used to come under the social partnership tripartite cooperation. This cooperation of interest groups is mostly informal and is not regulated by law. The social partners are represented by four large representative organisations. On the employees' side these are the Austrian Trade Union Federation (OGB) and the Federal Chamber of Labour (BAK), and on the employers' side the Federal Economic Chamber of Austria (WKO), and the Standing Committee of Presidents of the Chamber of Agriculture (PRAKO). After World War II, the government, the industry and the trade unions started the social partnership cooperation mainly to avoid the social and industrial conflict and to assure the social...
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The Theory of Coalitions in the Context of Elections to the Regional Board of Representatives in 2000 and 2004
Slámová, Klára ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
The master thesis "The theory o f coalitions in the context o f elections to the regional board o f representatives in 2000 and 2004 " deals with formation of executive bodies at the regional level. The theory of coalitions, concerned exclusively with coalitions at the national level, is applied herein to a lower political level. This is contributed by the fact that in the Czech Republic the regional (as well as municipal) level operates on the same basis as the national level. The legislative body - the board of representatives - disposes of the direct mandate; from it the executive - the council - draws its own mandate. Thus, the effort to transpose the theory of coalitions to a specific environment of regional politics is hereby facilitated. This thesis commences with a theoretical introduction in which the theory of coalitions is presented, focused on the typology of coalition governments. The work follows with an analysis of the institutional aspect of regional politics. The regions as the new regional authorities of self-government needed to establish not only their structure of organization and certain powers, but also the electoral system through which the main body of the region would be filled. Following the theoretical introduction, emphasis is put on the examination of each region (within two...
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Politics Public Administration with the Participation of Stakeholders in Decision-Making with the Focus on Lobbying
Vejskrabová, Markéta ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Skovajsa, Marek (referee)
This thesis deals with the phenomena of lobbyism which has entered Czech cultural background together with pluralistic, representative democracy late in recent years. This feature has not a necessary tradition and it is still confronted with vague understanding of his function by Czech laic community. This thesis is outlined thus to first answer the questions where is lobbing held, how is it proceed and who are the groups which are lobbing. Last mentioned chapter is comparison of the different lobbing of non-profit and profit organizations, which are the main participation groups on decision making through their representative - the lobbyist, who presents interests of the group and often also the possible impacts of this particular law on their fields of interests to politician. The situation in Czech Republic is not conciliated to lobbing. The aim of this thesis is the recognition that if lobbing is defined, established and regulated does not need to be accompanied with hidden corruption and manipulation with public interest. The possible models of regulation are demonstrated on system of regulation by the facultative codex in Great Britain and the system of normative regulation by law in United States of America. From those and other cases of regulation in different states gain the result that the...
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Reasons of establishment of the third Švehla's cabinet in 1926
Slavíková, Helena ; Fidler, Jiří (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
Das Thema dieser Arbeit ist die Tschechoslowakische Republik und der Zeitraum der Ersten Hälfte der 20. Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts. Die Autorin widmet sich der Frage der Entstehung einzigartiger Regierungskoalition die auf dem Prinzip der Programmverwandtschaft beruhte und versucht die Faktoren zu finden, die Existenz solcher Koalition ermöglichten. Zuerst wird das Politische System mit allen seinen Komponenten, sowohl dem Grundgesetz als auch dem Wahlsystem mit seinen Konsequenzen und Einfluss auf die Entstehung der Regierungskoalitionen, analysiert. Es werden auch die Nationalitätenstruktur, wirtschaftliche Unterschiede zwischen einzelnen Teilen des Staates, die Gestalt des Systems der politischen Parteien nicht übergangen und es wird auch die Rolle von politischen Persönlichkeiten betont. Der nächste Teil der Arbeit wird den historischen Umständen und dem Einfluss von politischem System darauf gewidmet. Beziehungen in der Regierungskoalition, die vor der Wahl in November 1925 zerfällt, Wahlergebnisse und theoretische und reale Möglichkeiten von Regierungskoalitionen werden analysiert. Betont wird der Übergangzeitraum der Regierung von Jan Černý während dessen sich die Stellungen der politischen Parteien geformt und geändert haben. Erst dann wurde ein neues Model von Regierungskoalitionen ohne Rücksicht...
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