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Population climate and family policy in the Czech Republic after 1989 within the European context
Kocourková, Jiřina ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (referee) ; Rabušic, Ladislav (referee)
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Children born out of marriage at the turn 18th and 19th centuries at the manor of Škvorec
Kuprová, Barbora ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Bartoňová, Dagmar (referee)
The intention of this study is to analyze the change of the number of children born out of marriage at the manor of Škvorec during the period 1750-1849. The excerpts from parish registers was made to find number of children born out of marriage, their proportion of total births, their distribution by place of birth, seasonality and characteristics of their parents. The development of the number of illegitimate children at the manor is compared with the development in the Czech lands and at neighboring manor of Kostelec nad Černými lesy. The conclusion is that the proportion of children born out of marriage at the manor Škvorec as well as at neighboring manor increased from the twenties of the 19th century which was twenty years earlier than in the Czech lands on average. This increase was also more steep and disappeared sooner.
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Foreigners in the Czech Republic: history, trends and patterns
Stejskal, Jan ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Foreigners in the Czech Republic: history, trends and patterns Abstract This bachelor thesis focuses on foreigners legally residing in the Czech Republic from the demographic perspective. It is based primarily on data on foreigners that are available from public sources. It presents fundamental legal regulations that affect the residence of foreigners in Czechia, it also discusses the statistical registration of foreigners and the main sources of data about them. Attention is paid to the history of international migration in Czechia, to the development of the number of foreigners in Czechia, acquisition of Czech citizenship by foreigners and international protection in the Czech Republic. Space is also devoted to the demographic events and processes of foreigners, to their demographic patterns and the spatial distribution of foreigners in the Czech Republic. This thesis offers international comparisons of the number of foreigners with the member countries of the European Union. It also focuses on the Ukrainian refugee crisis that started in 2022. A new contribution of this thesis is analysis of mortality of foreigners and the structure of live births of foreigners in 2021 and 2022 including a comparison with the population of Czech citizens. It can serve as a basis for more more in-depth analysis in the...
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Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain
Illáš, Matej ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain Abstract This paper aims to describe and compare the process of demographic ageing and its components in Italy and Spain from 1960 to the present day. Demographic ageing is analyzed in the paper mainly through the share of the population over 65 years old, the old-age dependency ratio, and the median age. The main data source for this work is the Eurostat database. At the beginning of the observed period, Italy had only marginally higher values of demographic ageing indicators. However, during the observed interval, when both countries aged significantly, a much more significant difference was created between the countries. According to population projections, this difference should probably decrease by 2050, but both countries are expected to continue ageing. Keywords: demographic ageing, population ageing, age structure, Italy, Spain Character count (without spaces): 77 884
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Contemporary education in international perspective
Sochová, Lucie ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Contemporary education in international perspective Abstract The thesis addresses the topic of contemporary education in European countries with a focus on tertiary education. The first part is devoted to a general overview of education in Europe, the International Classification of Education ISCED, organizations dealing with education and their activities in the form of programs, collection of internationally comparable data or publications. It includes a description of education policies in European countries and a description of education systems in selected countries. The second part analyses data for 2020 provided by the OECD on tertiary graduates, which are considered in terms of international classifications, age or gender. A cluster analysis of bachelor and master graduates, divided by gender, is carried out in order to identify the presence of regions with similar characteristics and to further analyse them to show different trends depending on the gender of the graduates, level or fields of study. Key words: tertiary education, International Classification of Education ISCED, education policy, education system, graduates, cluster analysis
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Standardization of evaluative instrument for verify basic education standard in the branch Physical education
Havel, Rostislav ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Řepka, Emil (referee) ; Hřivnová, Michaela (referee)
Title of the work: Standardization of the evaluation tool for verifying the standard of basic education in the field of physical education Author: PhDr. Rostislav Havel The dissertation deals with the knowledge area of the standards of the educational field Physical Education. The main goal was to create a didactic test for verifying the knowledge component of 9th grade elementary school students. The first step was the creation of an item database of 75 test tasks. Subsequently, pre-research (N=669) and pilot study (N=168) were carried out, which were mainly focused on the estimation of reliability, validity and item analysis of tasks. The final (standardization) version of the test was administered to 3 271 9th-grade elementary school students and contains 28 multiple-choice tasks with one correct answer and three distractors. The item response theory (IRT) method was used to analyze the test items, namely a three- parameter model with the values of the discrimination parameter, difficulty and pseudo- guessability parameter. To assess the dimensionality of the test, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was chosen as a part of the pilot tests and the final version. Based on expert assessment, content validity was evaluated. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's omega value were used...
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Israel's population policy
Benešová, Tereza ; Šťastná, Anna (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The thesis deals with the population development of Israel in the context of individual population policy measures between 1948-2022. The basic concepts of population policies and theories are anchored in the literature review. Specific measures that have been taken in Israel are also discussed and the issue is placed in a political and historical context. The literature review is followed by an analytical part that examines indicators of fertility, migration and assisted reproduction in the context of Israel's birth and immigration policy. In the conclusion, space is also devoted to the possible future direction of Israel's population policies. In the results of the thesis, the influence of a specific measure on population development is not clear, but the partial connections between Israel's population policy and population development are primarily pointed out. Keywords Israel, population policy, population development, fertility, migration
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Family Planning in India and Pakistan
Chrtková, Sylvie ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Family planning in India and Pakistan Abstract The world's population continues to grow, and the highest growth rates and population growth are recorded in lower-income countries, mainly in South and Southeast Asia. The key strategy for reducing the rate of growth and birth rate in these countries are family planning programs. Their main goals is the support of women, reproductive health, or the right of couples to freely decide on the number of children and the spacing between them. The aim of the work is therefore a comparison of family planning programs in India and Pakistan, i.e. countries in which family planning programs have been operating for more than 60 years, but their growth rate is still very high. The work compares the population development of the studied countries, the knowledge and use of contraceptive methods by married women aged 15-49 and tries to answer questions regarding the evaluation of the effectiveness of family planning programs in India and Pakistan. Data from the general Demographic and Health Survey and data from the World Bank database are used for the analysis. As part of the analysis, graphic elements and descriptive statistics are used. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze satisfaction with family planning programs. The results of the work showed that the family...
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The computation of nuclear power plant heat exchanger
Fialová, Ludmila ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
The theoretical part of my thesis analyses the topic of heat exchangers in nuclear power plants. A summary of each nuclear power plant’s circuit and its main is conducted. Furthermore, the term heat exchanger is introduced. The function and elemental construction of some significant types of heat exchangers is analysed. Their function in nuclear power plants is also described. In the computational part of this thesis, values describing parameters of the heat exchange, the heat balance of the exchanger and its main construction dimensions are calculated for a particular heat exchanger – tube and shell condenser.
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Relationship between projected and adopted curriculum Health education for primary education graduates
Polívka, Tomáš ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Řepka, Emil (referee) ; Marádová, Eva (referee)
Title: Relationship between projected and adopted curriculum Health Education for primary education graduates Problem: Curricular reform begins in 2004, and education is transformed into this reform. Schools are gaining more autonomy, so that they can use their conditions more effectively. The educational field of Health Education is newly being introduced in schools. This field of education should pass on knowledge and skills, that will help students maintain a higher level of health in the future. We see the problem in the fact that Health Education is not clearly defined in the system of curricular documents and schools have a relatively large degree of autonomy in its implementation. In addition, no systematic feedback is provided yet. Thus, it is not clear how effective is the teaching of Health Education, how much time is devoted to it, how teachers are educated and what is the interest in studying Health Education at pedagogical faculties, there are also no standardized evaluation tools. Aim of the thesis: The aim of the thesis is to analyse the level of the acquired curriculum of the educational field of Health Education with regard to the model implementation of the designed curriculum and to find out which main organizational form is most effective for meeting the outputs set in the...
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