Úloha Aquaporin 4 kanálů a Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 kanálů při objemových změnách astrocytů

Heřmanová, Zuzana

Astrocytes posses a wide range of functions within the brain. In response to ischemic conditions they swell due to increased uptake of osmolytes and they are mainly responsible for cytotoxic edema formation. However, they are also able to regulate their volume by releasing osmolytes together with water via the process of regulatory volume decrease (RVD). The Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) channel and Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel are suspected to be strongly involved in these processes of astrocytic volume regulation. The goal of the present diploma thesis was to clarify the role of both channels in astrocytic swelling in situ. For our experiments we used a subpopulation of green fluorescent protein-labelled astrocytes from AQP4-deficient (AQP4-/- ), TRPV4-deficient (TRPV4-/- ) and control (Ctrl) mice. Cell volume alterations were induced in acute brain slices by hypoosmotic stress or by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Data were quantified using fluorescence intensity-based approach in the whole cells and in astrocytic endfeet. Our results indicate, that there is no difference in astrocytic swelling or cell volume recovery between astrocytes from AQP4-/- , TRPV4-/- and control mice when exposed to hypoosmotic stress. On the contrary, volume changes induced by OGD varied...

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