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Development of the Presidential Office in the Czech Republic
Šváblová, Sára ; Hájek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the development of the presidential office from 1918, when the Czechoslovak Republic was founded, to 2018. In particular, it focuses on presidential powers. The purpose of the first part is to describe and trace, on the basis of constitutional texts, the changes in the individual competences of the head of state, as well as changes in his or her electability and accountability, and to place them in the context of constitutional development in the Czech lands. The aim is to present information about the presidential office in a clear and comprehensible way. The second part of the thesis focuses on a comparative analysis of specific powers. The thesis focuses on four presidential powers: the right to reverse a law or the right of veto, amnesty and pardon, and the appointment and dismissal of the government. The comparative analysis is conducted from the perspective of the constitutions and focuses on the distinctive elements of these powers. The aim is to assess, on the basis of the elements being compared, under which constitution the presidency was strongest in that particular power.
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Division of state authority ilustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic with the focus on the position of the head of the state
Chmelíková, Martina ; Stracený, Josef (advisor) ; Kubišová, Zuzana (referee)
1 Abstract: The division of state authority ilustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic with the focus on the position of the head of the state Key words: separation of state authority, constitutional laws, the legislative, the executive, the judiciary, the head of state, presidential system, parliamentary system Abstrackt: This thesis addresses the historical separation of state authority which is illustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic, especially on the position of the head of the state. The goal is to identify the identical and differing characteristics of the presidential status of both republics. The thesis is divided into three chapters and into a sub-chapters. The first chapter explains the development of the decomposition of the state authority from the first theoretical thoughts to the practical incorporation into the political system. The Second chapter describes in separate sub-chapters, the division of the state authority in Czech Republic and France. Third chapter is dedicated to the position, mandate, election and the competencies of the head of the state in both countries. Subsequently the gathered information is summarized in a sub-chapter, where the identical and differing characteristics of both presidential functions is discussed.
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The Comparison of the Presidency in the Czech Republic, Germany and Austria.
Bednář, Martin ; Koubek, Jiří (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
Annotation: In my Bachelor thesis I compare the roles of Presidents in the political systems of the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany. Despite that fact that all these neighbouring states are culturally linked and all account for parliamentary regimes, the heads of states in these countries carry out their functions in very different manners. The position of the Presidents are in my thesis examined with the help of the Tsebelis's theory of vetoplayers. The aim is to look into the fields of personal policy, foreign policy and legislative process and to ascertain, through the analysis of political and constitutional works, the exact role of the Presidents in these areas. Key words: president, head of state, The Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, constitutional competences, constitutional practice, personal policy, foreign policy, legislative process
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The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto
Gřešák, Martin ; Gronský, Ján (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto" discourses both provisions, which integrate the institution of the president of the republic in constitution, and the virtual implementation of this uppermost authority in the state. At the beginning, the thesis deals with the historical dimension of the issue. It speaks of the general development and history of the office in Czech lands. Hereupon a depiction of the theoretical extent of this office follows. A large verge is devoted to the placement and the powers of the president in the constitution. The pragmatic part of the thesis consists of two case studies. The first one deals with the presidency of Václav Havel. The second one deals with the execution of the office by Václav Klaus. An extra attention is paid to the analysis of the accordance between the theoretical and pragmatic pursuance of the office of president of the Czech Republic.
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The Prezident of the Russian Federation
Hradský, Kamil ; Jirásková, Věra (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
Diploma Thesis Abstract - The President of the Russian Federation This diploma thesis was written during my study stay in the Russian Federation. When I started working on the thesis, the outside temperature was well below 20 degrees Celsius and, by the time I was finished, the temperatures reached over 30 degrees Celsius. The thesis is based exclusively on sources in Russian, which I could access in the library of the Faculty of Law of the Saint Petersburg State University. The aim was to address the concept of the head of a state in general and, subsequently, to define the basic status of the president of the Russian Federation (RF) from the viewpoint of constitutional laws. The contents of the thesis can be summarised as follows: The head of the state plays two roles in the Russian constitutional system. Firstly, it is the role of an official entrusted with the task of uniting the RF, co-ordinating the activities of individual public authorities, representing the united voice of Russia both on the international political arena and within the country, and determining the general course of the Russian policy. This part of the president's role is paramount and we can even say that, in the RF, it is rampant. It justifies the calls for the establishment of a separate branch within the separation of powers -...
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Role of the president of the Czech Republic in theory and practice
Peškar, Michal ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This work describes role of the president in the Czech Republic. However, the Czech Republic is considered as a republic with parliamentary system, the role of the president is very strong and latest development shows there might be certain movement into semi-presidential system. Content of the work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is theoretical and deals with powers of the Czech president according to their legal background. Therefore, particular powers are described in the view of the Constitution and other related acts. This chapter also contains part about liability of the president and possibility of review of his/her acts. The second chapter shows the president in relations to other political agents and in general in political system of the Czech Republic. Specifically, there are mentioned relations of the president with the government, the Parliament and the Constitutional Court. The third chapter show how all president of the Czech Republic - Václav Havel, Václav Klaus and Miloš Zeman - acted when they were incumbent. The analysis especially focuses on situations when presidents used their powers on the edge of the Constitution or against prevailing interpretations of the Constitution.
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Division of state authority ilustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic with the focus on the position of the head of the state
Chmelíková, Martina ; Stracený, Josef (advisor) ; Kubišová, Zuzana (referee)
1 Abstract: The division of state authority ilustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic with the focus on the position of the head of the state Key words: separation of state authority, constitutional laws, the legislative, the executive, the judiciary, the head of state, presidential system, parliamentary system Abstrackt: This thesis addresses the historical separation of state authority which is illustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic, especially on the position of the head of the state. The goal is to identify the identical and differing characteristics of the presidential status of both republics. The thesis is divided into three chapters and into a sub-chapters. The first chapter explains the development of the decomposition of the state authority from the first theoretical thoughts to the practical incorporation into the political system. The Second chapter describes in separate sub-chapters, the division of the state authority in Czech Republic and France. Third chapter is dedicated to the position, mandate, election and the competencies of the head of the state in both countries. Subsequently the gathered information is summarized in a sub-chapter, where the identical and differing characteristics of both presidential functions is discussed.
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Direct election of head of state and its influence on the constitutional relations
Tylová, Tereza ; Janstová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
The topic the thesis, "Direct Election of the Head of the State and Its Impact on Constitutional Relationships," has been selected owing to its current relevance, caused by the change of the manner of presidential election which had a historically long tradition in our country. The aim of the paper is to provide a most complex view of the legal modifications of the election of the republic's president, to summarize the theoretical basis, to analyse the legislative procedure and to attempt to comprehensibly present this change of a constitutional law to citizens who might thus receive sufficient information on the issue. Furthermore, the author wishes to make the readers acquainted with the establishment and implementation of direct presidential election together with the manner of the election according to the new legislation, especially in accordance with Act no. 71/2012 Col. and Act no. 275/2012 Col. The thesis consists of nine chapters. In six sub-chapters, the first chapter outlines the history of the presidential election from the establishment of Czechoslovakia throughout the totalitarian period and to the Czech Republic, including a brief summary of the former presidents. The second chapter includes argumentation for and against implementation of the direct election of the republic's president, the...
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