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Detection of Genome Variations
Beluský, Tomáš ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
An influence of variations in human genome is perceptible at a first glance on human itself to see differences between the individuals and entire populations. Also, behavior or probability of certain diseases are influenced in large way by differences at genome's level. This work presents methods for detecting variations in the human genome that were developed after an arose of the second-generation sequencing technologies. A new tool that combines read pair and split read methods, with information about a depth of coverage was also designed and implemented. The tool was tested on simulated and real data and compared with a reference outputs.
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Localization of Methylation Sites in Transposons
Kmeť, Miroslav ; Martínek, Tomáš (referee) ; Vogel, Ivan (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with the creation of a tool for the extraction of methylation level from transposon sequences. Transposons are DNA elements with ability to move or copy themselves and their activity is regulated by DNA methylation. Sequence methylation information is stored in the bisulfite data and their processing is done with parts of two existing tools in a combination with implemented modules. Created tool takes into consideration unique challenges brought in the methylation calling process by transposable elements and it's functionality is presented on a set of experiments with simulated and real data.
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Visualization of Transposons' Genomic Features
Nétková, Barbora ; Bendl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Vogel, Ivan (advisor)
This thesis deals with visualization of transposons' genomic features. The Genomic feature format (GFF) is an input file to visualisation. This type of file has strict definition and it is nowadays a de-facto standard format for genome description. Although there are several tools for GFF visualization, an open source application with advanced visualization features is missing. This work presents a design of such a tool. The application has a graphical user interface to simplify the user's work and combines the advantages of existing commercial products with free access. The application provides simple way to import user's biological data from a GFF file, creates hierarchical tree of individual elements including a detailed internal structure visualization in a subwindow.
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Prediction of the Effect of Amino Acid Substitutions on the Secondary Structure of Proteins
Kadlec, Miroslav ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Bendl, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis is focused on amino acid substitutions and their impact on protein secondary structure. The main aim is to prove, that although the protein sequence is frequently mutated during the evolution, protein secondary structure is more robust against changes. In this case, the elements of protein secondary structure stay almost unchanged although a significant number of substitutions is observed. The proof of this hypothesis was obtained by developed simulator of evolution which employs two well-estabilished predicting tools: PSIPRED for prediction of protein secondary structure and PhD-SNP for prediction of the effect of amino acid substitution on protein function. The results of the experiments are provided as graphs and their meainings is discussed.
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Query Language for Biological Databases
Bahurek, Tomáš ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
With rising amount of biological data, biological databases are becoming more important each day. Knowledge discovery (identification of connections that were unknown at the time of data entry) is an essential aspect of these databases. To gain knowledge from these databases one has to construct complicated SQL queries, which requires advanced knowledge of SQL language and used database schema. Biologists usually don't have this knowledge, which creates need for tool, that would offer more intuitive interface for querying biological databases. This work proposes ChQL, an intuitive query language for biological database Chado. ChQL allows biologists to assemble query using terms they are familiar without knowledge of SQL language or Chado database schema. This work implements application for querying Chado database using ChQL. Web interface guides user through process of assembling sentence in ChQL. Application translates this sentence to SQL query, sends it to Chado database and displays returned data in table. Results are evaluated by testing queries on real data.
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Analysis of the Tools for Detecting Similarities between Tertiary Protein Structures
Trlica, Jiří ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Bendl, Jaroslav (advisor)
Alignment of the three-dimensional structures of proteins is an essential task in bioinformatics. Because there are many tools offering this functionality, only a limited subset of them was chosen for comparison (DALI, LOCK 2, SPALIGN, MUSTANG and CLICK). These tools vary in the principle of calculation. Their performance was measured on three proteins, which represent main protein classes (all-α, all-β, α/β). These proteins were tested against a subset of PDB database containing 2 357 records. The results were visualized by ROC curves and the tools were compared by their area under ROC curve (AUC metric). According to this metric, the best results were obtained for SPALIGN.
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Prediction of Transposons in DNA
Černohub, Jan ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
Cílem práce je seznámení se s problematikou uchovávání informace v DNA, provést rešerši na téma transpozony, bioinformatické nástroje a algoritmy, které jsou používány k jejich detekci v nasekvenovaných genomech a vytvořit tak stručný úvod do obsáhle problematiky, včetně jejího zasazení do kontextu současně probíhajícího výzkumu v dané oblasti. Na základě přehledu stávajících algoritmů a nástrojů pro detekci transpozonů je navržen a implementován nástroj pro hledání tzv. LTR transpozonů.
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Prediction of p53 Protein Binding Sites
Radakovič, Jozef ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
Protein p53 which is encoded by gene TP53 plays crucial role in cell cycle as a regulator of transcription of genes in cases when cell is under stress. Therefore p53 acts like tumor suppressor. Understanding the pathway of p53 regulation as well as predicting its binding sites on p53 regulated genes is one of the major concerns of modern research in genetics and bioinformatics. In first part of this project we aim to introduce basics from molecular biology to better understand the p53 protein pathway in gene transcription and introduction to analysis of prediction of p53 binding sites. Second part is about implementation and testing of tool which would be able to predict transcription factor binding sites for protein p53.
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Classification of Small Noncoding RNAs
Žigárdi, Tomáš ; Martínek, Tomáš (referee) ; Vogel, Ivan (advisor)
This masters's thesis contains description of designed and implemented tool for classification of plant microRNA without genome. Properties of mature and star sequences in microRNA duplexes are used. Implemented method is based on clustering of RNA sequences (with CD-HIT) to mainly reduce their count. Selected representants from each clusters are classified using support vector machine. Performance of classification is more than 96% (based on cross-validation method using the training data).
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Reconstruction of DNA Sequences Containing Repetitive Patterns
Dvořáček, Vojtěch ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on reconstruction of repetitive patterns in DNA sequences. Although it is motivated by need to create automated tool for telomere characterization in plant genomes, its goal is creating general solution of given problem. Suggested solution is based on k-mer analysis, which is alignment free method. Its greatest advantage lies in possibility to reconstruct repetitive patterns from NGS sequencing data. Within the scope of this work was designed and iplemented solution, which is able to automatically estiamte suitable parametres for k-mer analysis from input data and optimize them by local state space search method.
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