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Abya Yala : A view on the Bolivian indigenist movement
Malá, Šárka ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Rychlík, Martin (referee)
The thesis presents an analysis of the French documentary film Abya Yala, es nuestra, directed by Patrick Vanier in 2007, which describes events in Bolivia's recent history of 2005/2006. The main goal of our work was to think about the way in which this period is depicted in the film. We were also questioning who the chosen respondents were and how well they reflect this period. Moreover we were interesed in the director's visual presentation of the topic. To analyse our object of study we used a quantitative analysis of the content of sequences and we completed it by a semiotic analysis of the comments and of the visual part of the film. Our thesis is the fruit of a cultural and interdisciplinary approach, which includes sociology, social and visual anthropology. In our reflections we were inspired particulary by the social representation theory, the ethnicity theory of Thomas Hylland Eriksen and the principles of visual anthropology.
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The body behind bars: The importance of decorating the body of convicts
Lochmannová, Alena ; Jakoubek, Marek (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee) ; Rychlík, Martin (referee)
The dissertation deals with the issue of physical modifications, especially tattoos, in the environment of Czech male prisons. It is based on ethnographic research conducted between 2013 and 2017 in a total of five Czech men's security prisons. The aim of the thesis is to describe the phenomenon of decorating the body of inmates sentenced to serve prison sentences in Czech male prisons and to present the interpretative and meaningful potential of body treatments, especially tattooing, in relation to the so-called second life of the convicted. As a part of the thesis, the design of ethnographic research in the environment of Czech male prisons, including its limits and pitfalls, is presented, while the specificity of this research field in the field of socio-scientific research is demonstrated. Attention is paid to the issue and importance of body in the prison environment and, in consequence, to body modifications that are used at the prison level to resist against the attempt to discipline convicts' bodies through unified institutional practices. Emphasis is placed primarily on tattooing as the most frequent and the most significant physical modification of the criminal subculture in the Czech prison environment. The final chapter and the pivotal part of this thesis brings the categorization of...
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Medieval bell founding. Bell founding and archaeology in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period.
RYCHLÍK, Martin
The bachelor thesis examines bell founding in Bohemia in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period of modern history, primarily from an archaeological viewpoint. The archaeological part of the bachelor thesis, which is central to the whole paper, relies on findings of works on both moveable and immoveable archaeological evidence of bell founding from several regions of Bohemia. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to introduce a new picture of bell founding from various perspectives. The paper comprises not only an archaeological point of view, which focuses on archaeological finds of bells and bell fragments and archaeological evidence from bell foundries, but also a campanological and historical point of view, presenting the current state of research in the field. In terms of methodology, the bachelor thesis uses description, transcription, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, and a synchronous approach to the matter. Attached are: sketches and photography of archaeological finds, sketches and photography of immovable archaeological finds, tabular summaries and graphs.
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Anthropology of Body: Application of the Model to the Eating Disorders Phenomenon
Dvořáková, Michaela ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Rychlík, Martin (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
The subject of the thesis is a theoretical and empirical analysis of the human body, which is examined through the prism of eating disorders. Methodologically, the project rests upon the core methods of cultural anthropology. The purpose of the thesis is an application and testing of concepts apply concepts developed by the author of the thesis to research embodiment, specifically eating disorders perceived as culturally conditioned phenomena. The broader goal is thus to contribute to the development of the field of anthropology of body and contribute to the development of its theoretical and empirical foundations, while its specific aim is to apply the model of anthropology of body to the research of eating disorders. The thesis proceeds from the general interpretation to the specific research agenda It is divided into three interrelated sections. The first part presents a summary of concepts and approaches to embodiment in social sciences, accentuating a diachronic perspective. In the second section the concept of embodiment is outlined introducing three structural levels. Anthropology of body serves as a starting point for tackling the issue of eating disorders. The third part is an empirical section. The outputs of the research on the body image of people with eating disorders are presented,...
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The Anthropology of Art: Studies in Etnoaesthetics
Rychlík, Martin ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Jiroušková, Jana (referee) ; Ebelová, Kateřina (referee)
The term "primitive art" was used to denote the tribal "art" of those people in Africa, Americas, Asia, Australia and Oceania who were the objects of ethnological or anthro- pological study. As such, it corresponds to the area of so called art that has has often (and unsatisfactory) been called tribal, primitive, aboriginal, native, indigenous or traditional etc. This thesis provides general introduction to some anthropological perspectives on art, and offers variety of approaches to the uneasy concept of art as is defined in our culture. Three case studies show ethnoaesthetic topics (paleolithic rockart, african hairstyles and also tattooing of human bodies in traditional Polynesian cultures).
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Tea culture. The phenomenon of tea drinking and the related ceremonies in society
Neubauerová, Adriana ; Rychlík, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with the analysis of tea rituals from a theoretical as well as empirical point of view. The work is divided into two parts. The first chapter is devoted to the analysis of general information about the cultivation, processing and effects of tea. Further chapters deal with rituals and habits associated with the process of drinking tea in specific locations. The second part of the thesis is concentrated on the Czech Republic and its tradition of drinking herbal decoction, picking and processing of necessary plants. A part of this paper is an empirical analysis, which aims to discover if there is any specific ritual, enrooted in the Czech culture, associated with drinking tea and if the Czechs, despite of their preference of Asian tea, trust in the effects of herbal tea. The research was performed by a quantitative method and via questionnaires. The hypotheses were mostly confirmed. Key words: herbal tea, tea, tea culture, rite, ritual
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The Phenomenon of Tattooing in the Czech Culture
Truksová, Barbora ; Rychlík, Martin (advisor) ; Půtová, Barbora (referee)
(in English): This thesis deals with the tattoo phenomenon in the Czech culture, especially in the last 25 years. The tattooing tradition within the Czech boundaries was interrupted by communism, therefore the current scene began forming after the fall of the regime, which was a release chance to travel and bring down not only new materials but also knowledge. There is a definition of the basic concepts of tattooing in the beginning of the work, as well as the main features, which the tattoo is usually associated in the literature with. In this part of the bachelor thesis there is an excursion outside the European areas. The work even tries to map the history of tattooing in Europe, as the relevant information about the tattoo in the Czech lands does not appear before the 19th century. In the early 20th century there was also apparent professional interest in the tattooing itself. After the communist coup in 1948, tattoos were considered illegal, thereby its tradition was interrupted. With the the borders reopening came a chance for people interested in body art to develop this craft. That way the second tattoo renaissance arrives to the Czech Republic with a delay of several decades. A substantial part of this work is styles naming, which people interested in tattoos can come across with. At the...
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Sámi Visual Arts in the Context of the Development of Sámi culture
Květoňová, Markéta ; Rychlík, Martin (advisor) ; Boukal, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the development of the Sámi visual art in the context of the development of entire Sámi culture. The development is described from the end of the Stone Age to the present. The thesis focuses particularly on the period before the Christianisation (i.e. until the end of the 17th century), when the art was deeply connected with the then religious and mythological ideas and then on the 20th and 21st century when dominates efforts to deal with the harsh assimilation policy developed by majority nations and demonstrate own identity and ethnic peculiarity through the art. Further attention is paid to globalization and tourism which are contradictory factors. Key words: Sámi, visual arts, culture, mythology, religion, globalization, cultural identity
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Native Art as a Source of Cultural Memory. Case Study of Māori Toi moko
Vacková, Kateřina ; Rychlík, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the repatriation of Toi moko (tattooed, preserved heads of Māori or Moriori origins) from overseas institutions back to the country of their origin, New Zealand. Toi moko are considered to be not only human remains but also cultural artefacts, pieces of native art, which are important for cultural reproduction. The significance of Toi moko for Māori culture is explained in accordance with Cultural Memory theory introduced to Social Sciences by the German cultural scientists and Egyptologist Jan Assmann. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the meaning of Toi moko in Māori society, to summarise its historical development, and to reflect the recent efforts of Karanga Aotearoa Repatriation Programme that is undertaken by the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa and funded by New Zealand Government. Key Words cultural memory, cultural identity, culture, ethics, Karanga Aotearoa Repatriation Programme, Māori, native art, New Zealand, tattoo, Toi moko
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